高一英语必修一unit5知识点及测试

1、1. _ n. 质量；品质；性质 _ n. 数量 2. _ adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的3. _ adj. 积极的；活跃的 _ n. 活动；社交活动 _ n. 行动；动作4. _ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 _ adv. 宽大地5. _ n. 自我；自身 _ adj. 自私的 _ adj. 无私的；忘我的 _ adv. 无私地；忘我地6. _ vt. （与 to连用）献身；专心于 _ adj. 忠实的；深爱的 _ n. 献身；忠心7. _ adj. 和平的；平静的；安宁的 _ n. 和平；安宁 _ adv. 爱好和平地；宁静地；安详地8. _ n. 指导；领导 _ n. 指导者；导向器 _

2、vt. 指导9. _ adj. 法律的；依照法律的 _ adv. 合法地 _ adj. 非法的10. _ vi.& vt.投票；选举；n.投票；选票；表决 _ n. 投票者；有投票（选举）权者 11. _ vt. 进攻；攻击；抨击12. _ adj. 相等的；平等的 _ adv. 相等地；平等地 _ adj. 不相等的；不平等的13. _ adj. 不公正的；不公平的 _ adj. 公正的；公平的14. _ vi.逃脱；逃走；泄露 15. _ vt. 教育；训练 _ n.教育 _ adj. 受过教育的；有教养的短语：1. _ _ work 失业 2. as a _ of fact 事实上3.

3、blow _ 使充气；爆炸4. _ trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中5. turn _ 求助于；致力于6. lose _ 丧失勇气或信心 7. _ _ power 当权；上台8. set _ 设立；建立 9. be _ to 被判处（徒刑）重点句型：1.The time _ I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 第一次见到纳尔逊曼德拉的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。2.only then _ _ _ to answer violence with violence. 只有到这个时

4、候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。3.I felt bad _ _ _ I talked to a group. 第一次给旅行团作讲解时，我的心情很不好。重点词汇：1.quality n.U&C 质，质量，品质;特性 C性质；特性；特点For study, quality often matters more than quantity. Modesty is one of his good qualities._One quality of wood is that it can burn._温馨提示：quality与quantity 的区别:quality 质量;quantity 数量。Qua

5、ntities of food was on the table. _ 【即学即练】完成句子 (原创)他仔细地检查家具的质量。 He examined _ _ _ _ _ . 他具备了一个成功商人应具有的所有品质。 He has _ _ _ of a successful businessman. 2.devote vt.献身；专心于He started to study ecology and decided to devote his whole life to the science. Please devote more time to your work. _常用结构：devote

6、ones energy/ones time to (doing) sth.奉献某人的精力/时间于某事sb. be devoted to (doing) sth. 某人献身做某事【即学即练】完成句子他的一生都奉献给了中国的航空事业。 He _ _ _ to Chinas aviation.他专心于帮助穷困的人。 He is devoted to _ _ _ .温馨提示：在devote.to.短语中，to是介词，后面接名词或动词ing。常见的类似短语还有：pay attention to（注意）; stick to（坚持）; lead to（导致）; prefer. to（相比更喜欢）; look

7、 forward to（盼望）等。【即学即练】单项填空The idea for the new machine came to Mr Baker _ to his invention. (2010陕西师大附中11月月考)A. while he was devotedB. while devoting C. while devoting himself D. while devoted3.equal adj. 平等的；相等的；胜任的 vt. 等于，比得上 n. 同等/相等的人或物All people are born equal. _Bill is quite equal to running

8、the office._Three times five is the equal of ten plus five._常用结构：be equal to sth./doing sth. 胜任某事/做某事be equal with 与平等without equal/have no equal 无与伦比/无比【即学即练】完成句子你能胜任这项工作吗？ Are you _ _ the task? 他们认为，在上帝眼中穷人和富人是平等的。 They believe that in the sight of God the poor _ _ _ _ the rich. 在中国，姚明是个无与伦比的篮球队员。

9、 Yao Ming is a basketball player _ _ in China.单项填空 （原创）He doubted whether she would be _ to the job. A.equalB.similar C.familiarD.content4.reward n. 报答；酬金（为某些特殊服务提供或给予的金钱） vt.酬谢，奖赏；报应；惩罚（坏人或坏事）Its a reward for virtue(美德)._He worked hard but without much reward. He will sooner or later be rewarded fo

10、r bad deeds.温馨提示：reward v.作“报答,报偿;酬谢;奖励”讲时，常跟介词with/for 连用；作“报应;惩罚(坏人或坏事)”讲时，跟for连用。常用结构：as a reward (for) 作为（对某事的）报酬（或奖赏）give/offer a reward to sb. for sth. 为某事而给某人报酬in reward for 为酬答；作为奖励reward sb.(with.)for sth. 为某事（而以）报答reward sb. for sth. 因某事使某人得到报应或惩罚【即学即练】完成句子她的善良没有得到任何回报。 She got nothing _ _

11、 _ her kindness.他用一个奖励来报答我。 He _ _ _ a prize. 他们给了他奖赏，作为他服务的报酬。 They _ _ _ his great services. =They rewarded his great services.【易混辨析】reward/award/prizereward表示“奖赏，酬谢”，动词只能以人或人的行为作宾语，名词表示某人因做了某事而应得到某东西。award 作名词指正式或官方“给予、颁发、授予”（奖章，奖金等），也可以指法庭裁决；作动词可以跟双宾语，award sb. sth. 把某物授予/判给某人。prize 只能作名词,表示“奖赏,

12、奖金,奖品”,尤指在比赛中获得的荣誉。 【即学即练】单项填空The girl got nothing in _ for her kindness, which made her very sad. A.prize B.award C.medals D.reward Martin Luther King, great Black leader in the movement against racial discrimination, was _ the Nobel Prize for peace for his outstanding contribution to world peace.

13、A.rewarded B.given C.awarded D.offered5.as a matter of fact 实际上用法点拨： as a matter of fact在意义上等同in fact/in actual fact/actually/ in reality/to tell the truth。As a matter of fact, Ive never been there before. 事实上我从未到过那里。【联想拓展】in the matter of sth.关于;就而论make matters worse将困难或情况弄得更糟(as) a matter of cours

14、e（作为）理所当然的事; （按照）常规【即学即练】完成句子我想跟她谈谈我的薪水问题。 I want to speak to her _ _ _ _ my salary. 她设法使他们平静下来, 不想却适得其反。 Her attempts to calm them down only _ _ _ . 我照例每天早晨查看公文格。 I check my in-tray every morning as _ _ _ _ . 温馨提示：matter 作不及物动词时常用于否定句和疑问句中,意为“关系,要紧”。All these things do not matter now. 【即学即练】单项填空It

15、rained that day. _, our car broke down on the way. A.In factB.Actually C.To make matters worseD.To tell the truth6.blow up 爆炸；突然严峻；大发雷霆 My father blew up when I didnt come home last night. 我昨晚没回家，父亲大发雷霆。Stop at the gas station and well blow up the tyres. 在加油站停一下，我们要给轮胎打气。【联想拓展】blow sb. up 训斥某人blow s

16、th. up 炸坏某物；给某物充气；放大某物（尤指照片）；夸大某事物blow down 吹倒；炸毁 blow off 吹掉；将（热水、蒸汽等）放出blow out 吹熄；（电线）烧断blow over 被淡忘；消散；停止；（坏天气）大风平息【即学即练】完成句子我的帽子被风刮掉了。 My hat _ _. 我几乎被风刮倒了。 I was almost _ _ by the wind. 有人打开了门, 蜡烛随之被吹灭了。 Somebody opened the door and the candle _ _ . 风暴在夜里停止了。 The storm _ _ in the night. 单项填空A

17、 short circuit will _ the fuse(保险丝). （原创） A.blow up B.blow off C.blow out D.blow over7.in trouble 在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中Please telephone us when you are in trouble.遇到困难时就给我们打电话。If we cant keep to the schedule, well be in (a lot of) trouble. 我们不按时完成计划就要有麻烦了。【联想拓展】get into trouble惹上麻烦have trouble (in) doin

18、g sth. 做某事有困难（其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略）take （the） trouble to do sth. 不怕费事或困难而尽力去做某事go to (the) trouble to do （of doing） sth. 不辞辛劳做某事/费心做某事give sb. trouble/put sb. to trouble麻烦某人；打扰某人have trouble with 有病痛；同闹纠纷【即学即练】完成句子他惹事落到了警方手里。 He _ _ _ with the police.19我们没费吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。 We _ _ _(in) finding his offic

19、e. 他不嫌麻烦地为我去火车站指路。 He _ _ _ to show me the way to the railway station. 他费心为我们打听到了我们乘坐的火车开车的时间。 He went to _ _ _ finding out when our train was leaving. 我不愿意给我不认识的人添麻烦。 I dont like _ _ _ people I dont know.这个男人经常与他的妻子闹矛盾。 The man often _ _ _ his wife. 温馨提示：在take (the) trouble to do sth.结构中，用不用冠词均可，但含

20、义稍有不同：用冠词，表示不怕费事或不怕麻烦而去做某事；不用冠词，表示尽心尽力或费尽心血而去做某事。【即学即练】单项填空Even an experienced climber can _ to reach the summit. A.get into troubleB.make trouble C.ask for troubleD.take trouble over8.set up建立;创立A new government was set up after the war. 新政府于战后成立。【联想拓展】set about开始做 set apart使与众不同；留出；拨出（专用）set aside

21、把放在一边；省出，留出set down写下，记下 set forth陈述；阐明set off出发；动身；使爆炸；引起；激发set out出发；动身；摆放，陈列；开始，着手【即学即练】完成句子我得开始收拾行李了。 I must set _ my packing for relaxation. 她把书放在一旁, 点了一支香烟。 She set _ her book and lit a cigarette. 首相在电视上公布了他的政府工作目标。 The Prime Minister set _ the aims of his government in a television broadcast.

22、 温馨提示：set about doing sth.=set out to do sth. 开始做某事。set off和set out都有“动身，出发”之意，但要注意其细微的差别:set off开始（旅行、赛跑等）； set out从某地出发上路。 【即学即练】单项填空The President _ _ his views in television broadcast.A.set downB.set forth C.set backD.set off 9.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.(P34)只有到这个时候

23、，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。only 修饰时间、条件、方式状语等放在句首时，主句构成部分倒装。Only then did she realize she had made mistakes. 直到那时她才意识到她所犯的错误。Only when he came back did I go to bed. 当他回来的时候，我才上床睡觉。温馨提示:only放在句首,修饰状语时才倒装,修饰主语,宾语则不倒装。Only you understand me.只有你了解我。【即学即练】单项填空 I failed in the final examination last term and only then

24、 _ the importance of studies. (2010山东青岛二中11月月考) A.I realized B.I had realized C.had I realized D.did I realize重点句型：10.He taught us during the lunch breaks and the evenings when we should have been asleep. （P38）他在午餐后的休息时间以及晚上本来该睡觉的时间教我们学习。should have done本应该做某事（但实际上并没有做）Thats really what I should hav

25、e done. 那的确是我应该做的。温馨提示：在这种用法中ought to= should，但在语气上没有should强。否定形式表示“不该做某事而结果做了”。He ought not to have taken the old clothes away.他不该把旧衣服带走。（事实上已带走了。）【联想拓展】情态动词+have done用法小结：would+have done 用于虚拟条件句中，表示与过去事实相反。must+have done 表示对过去情况的推测，只用于肯定句，意为“一定”，其否定的意义用cant+have done表示。could+have done本来有能力做而实际上没有做

26、。neednt+have done本来不必做的事，实际上却做了。may (might)+have done表示对过去的推测，多用于陈述句，意为“可能”。用 might 比用 may 语气更加委婉。 【即学即练】完成句子真不知道没有你的帮助我该怎么办。 I really dont know what I _ _ _ without your help.路面是湿的，昨天晚上肯定下雨了。 The street is wet. It _ _ _ last night. 如果我能够停下来，事故就不会发生了。 If I _ _ _ , there wouldnt have been an accident

27、. 昨天我没必要去办公室。 I _ _ _ to the office yesterday.请不要那样做。你们俩很有可能被抓住然后杀掉！ Please dont do that. You _ _ _ _ caught and killed! .单词拼写 1. The young heiress was so _ (大方的) that she gave all her money away in a couple of years.2. Everybody knows that our director is very _(忠诚的) to his wife.3. The goods of thi

28、s company are of good _ (质量). It is no wonder they sell so well.4. All the _(领导) of our city pay much attention to education.5. As we all know, fighting is an act of _(暴力).6. The beautiful girl is very gentle, which shows she is an _(有教养的) girl.7. His efforts were _(奖赏)with success.8. To keep fit, h

29、e is a _ in all kinds of sports.9. As we all know, the Peoples R _ of Korea is our neighbour.10. It is said that he holds an important p _ in the government office. .用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空fight against/believe in/the same as/give up/make a list/devote ones whole life/set up/be sentenced to/come to power/as

30、 a matter of fact1. We must _ the enemy.2. Do you _ Chinas traditional herbal medicine?3. This answer must be a cribbing; its exactly _ Joness.4. They _ without a fight.5. Please _ of things I must buy.6. He _ to the study of science. 7. He suggested that the murderer referred to _ death at once.8.

31、Some men _ a small stage.9. When did Napoleon _?10. _, real knowledge comes from practice and direct experience.完成句子1. Do you easily _ _ (丧失信心)when you are in trouble?2. The doctor _ _ _ (建议我) sleep and to get up early.3. I am worried about whether I will be _ _ _ (失业).4. His efforts _ _ _ (得到回报)hig

32、h salary. 5. _ _ _ (只有到了这个时候)they decide to answer violence with violence.6. He is a man who is easy to _ _ _ (相处). 7. Although he turned to many officials, he finally _ _ _ _ _ (可能会判死刑).8. The football team _ _ _ (投票选我) their new captain.9. Whether in the past, now or in the future, _ _ _ _ (我们都是平等

33、的).10. I _ _ _ (请你原谅) for my behaviour this morning. 单项填空1.Men and women didnt have _ rights by law in ancient time. A.same B.ordinary C.equal D.confident2.He is such a kind man that he is ready to help people _ .A.in troubleB.at last C.of courseD.as well3.Anyone who is _ to play this role in the pl

34、ay please put up your hand. I dont want to force (强迫) anybody. I think I _ . A.fit; will beB.interested; do C.ready; can beD.willing; am4.Im sure that this boy will be a great person in the future if he is well _.A.looked afterB.educated C.concerned aboutD.practiced5.He was caught and sentenced for

35、_ a dam on the river last year. A.blowing upB.breaking down C.moving awayD.dropping off6.People _ a monument to honor those people who devoted their lives to their country. A.set out B.set down C.set up D.set on7.In order to compete with others, a factory should aim at _ rather than _ . A.quantity;

36、qualityB.quality; quantity C.quantities; qualities D.quality ;qualities8.He passed the test but _ , he didnt really understand the subject. A.in a factB.after all C.at the same time D.as a matter of fact 9.People in the city _ the lawyer to be the leader of the committee, for they thought he could g

37、ive a correct order of the city. A.voted against B.voted on C.voted for D.voted with10.During wartime, the religious leader was _ in Monahan for twenty years.A.put in a prisonB.put in the prison C.put in prisonD.put in prisons 11.As soon as he _ , he raised his own opinion about economy. A.reached power B.arrived at power C.came to power D.got to power12.They will not _ eve