免疫学常用词汇中英文对照大全

1、英文全名缩略语中文名accelerated rejection速发性排斥反应accessibility易近性accessory cellAC辅佐细胞acquired immunity获得性免疫acquired immunodeficiency syndromeAIDS获得性免疫缺陷综合征activation induced cell deathAICD活化诱导的细胞死亡active immunization主动免疫acute phage proteinAPP急性期蛋白acute phase proteinAPP急性时相蛋白acute rejection急性排斥反应acute immune co

2、mplex type glomerulonephritis急性免疫复合物型肾小球肾炎adaptiveness获得性addressin地址素adenosine deaminaseADA腺苷脱氨酶adhesion moleculeAM黏附分子adjuvant佐剂adoptive cellular immunotherapyACI过继细胞免疫治疗adoptive immune therapyAIT继承（过继）免疫治疗Affinity muturation亲和力成熟agglutination凝集反应allergic inflammationAI超敏反应性炎症allergic pneumonia变应性肺

3、炎allergen变应原allergic reaction变态反应allergy变应原alloantigen同种异体抗原allogenic antigen同种异型抗原allogeneic graft同种异基因移植allograft同种移植alloreactive T cell同种反应性T细胞allotype变态反应alpha-fetoproteinAFP甲种胎儿球蛋白alternative pathway旁路途径anaphylaxis过敏反应、过敏性anchor residue锚着残基anergy失能ankylosing spondylitisAS强直性脊柱炎antibodyAb抗体antib

4、ody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicityADCC抗体依赖性细胞介导的细胞毒作 用antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapyADEPT抗体导向酶解前药治疗antibody forming cellAFC抗体形成细胞antigenAg抗原antigen-antibody reaction抗原-抗体反应antigen binding siteABS抗原结合位点antigen modulation抗原调变antigen processing抗原加工antigen presenting抗原递呈antigen presentin

5、g cellAPC抗原递呈细胞antigen-binding fragmentFab抗原结合片段antigenic determinantAD抗原决定基antigenicity抗原性antigenic modulatio anti-idiotype抗原调变抗独特型anti-idiotype antibodyAId , Ab2抗独特型抗体anti-infectious immunity抗感染免疫antinuclear antibodyANA抗核抗体antitoxin破伤风抗毒素apoptosis凋亡atopy特应性attenuated vaccine减毒活疫苗autoantigen自身抗原aut

6、oantibody自身抗体autocrine自分泌autograft or autologous graft自体移植（物）autoimmunity自身免疫autoimmune diseaseAID自身免疫性疾病autologous mixed lymphocyte reactionAMLR自身混合淋巴细胞反应autophagosome自吞小泡autoreactive B cellARB自身反应性B细胞autoreactive T cellART自身反应T细胞avidin-biotin-peroxidase complexABC亲和素生物素化过氧化物酶复合 物avidin亲和素avidity亲合

7、力B cell receptorBCRB细胞受体B cell receptor complexB细胞受体复合物Bacille Calmette-GuerinBCG卡介苗bactericidin杀菌素bare lymphocyte syndromeBLS裸淋巴细胞综合征basophil嗜碱粒细胞Bence-Jones protein本周蛋白bifunctional antibodyBfAb双功能抗体biotin生物素biotin-avidin systemBAS生物素-亲和素系统bispecific antibodyBsAb双特异性抗体blocking factor封闭因子blood-thymu

8、s barrier血-胸腺屏障bone marrow骨髓bronchus associated lymphoid tissueBALT支气管相关淋巴组织Bruton tyrosine kinaseBtkBruton酪氨酸激酶bursa of fabricius法氏囊C1 inhibitorC1INHC1抑制因子C3 nephritic factorC3NefC3肾炎因子C4 binding proteinC4BPC4结合蛋白Ca -dependent cell adhesion molecule familyCadherin钙黏素cachectin恶液素carcinoembryonic ant

9、igenCEA癌胚抗原carrier载体cell-mediated immunityCMI细胞介导的免疫cellular oncogenec-onc细胞癌基因centimorgancM分摩central immune organ中枢免疫器官chemokine趋化（性细胞）因子chemokinesis化学增活现象chemotaxis趋化性chimera嵌合体chimeric antibody人-鼠嵌合抗体chronic granulomatous diseaseCGD慢性肉芽肿病chronic rejection慢性排斥反应chronic vascular rejectionCVR慢性血管排斥反

10、应circulatory immune complexCIC循环免疫复合物class类class n transactivatorC n TAn类反式活化子class II-associated invariant chain peptideCLIPII类分子相关的恒定链多肽class switch类别转换classic pathyway经典途径clonal abortion克隆流产clonal anergy克隆失能clonal deletion克隆排除clonal ignorance克隆忽略clonal selection theory克隆选择学说cluster of differentia

11、tionCD分化抗原co-dominant共显性congenic mice同类系小鼠colony forming unitCFU集落形成单位colony stimulatory factorCSF集落刺激因子combined immunodeficiency diseaseCID联合免疫缺陷病commbinatorial joining组合多样性common chainC共同链common variable immunodeficiencyCVID常见变异型免疫缺陷病complement补体complement dependent cytotoxicityCDC补体依赖的细胞毒作用comple

12、ment receptorCR补体受体complementarity determining regionCDR互补决定区complementary DNAcDNA互补DNAcomplete Freund s adjuvantCFA完全弗氏佐剂concanavalin ACon A刀豆素Acongenital immunodeficiency disease先天性免疫缺陷病congenic mice同类系小鼠constant gene segmentC基因片段constant regionC区恒定区co-receptor共受体costimulatory molecule共刺激因子co-stim

13、ulatory signal共刺激信号counter immunoelectrophoresis对流免疫电泳C-reaction proteinCRPC-反应蛋白cross antigen交叉抗原cross reaction交叉反应crystalizable fragmentFc可结晶片段CTL activation antigen-4CTLA-4细胞毒性T细胞活化抗原4cutaneous immune systemCIS皮肤免疫系统cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigenCLA皮肤淋巴细胞相关抗原cyclosporin ACsA环抱素Acysteine

14、containing asparate specific proteaseCaspase半胱-天冬氨酸蛋白酶cytokineCK细胞因子cytokine receptorCKR细胞因子受体cytotoxic T lymphocyteCTL细胞毒性T淋巴细胞cytotoxic T lym phocyte antigen 4CTLA-4细胞毒T细胞抗原4danger model危险模式dead vaccine死疫苗death domainDD死亡结构域death receptorDR死亡受体decay accelerating factorDAF衰变加速因子defensin防御素delayed t

15、ype hypersensityDTH迟发型超敏反应delayed type hypersensity T lymphocyteTDTH迟发型超敏反应T细胞deletion缺失dendritic cellDC树突状细胞determinant决定基determinant spreading决定基扩展direct agglutination直接凝集试验direct recognition直接识别discrimination排他性diversity多样性diversity segmentD基因片段domain结构域donor供者double diffusion双向扩散 双向免疫扩散double im

16、munodiffusiondouble negative cellDN细胞双阴性细胞double positive cellDP细胞双阳性细胞double recognition双识别double singal双信号early antigenEA早期抗原endocrine内分泌endocytosis胞吞作用endogenous antigen内源性抗原endosome内体enzyme immunoassayEIA酶免疫测定enzyme immunohistochemistryEIH酶免疫组织化学enzyme linked immunosorbent assayELISA酶联免疫吸附试验enzy

17、me linked immunospotELISPOT酶联免疫斑点试验eosinophilEos嗜酸粒细胞eosinophil chemotactic factor of anaphylaxisECF-A嗜酸粒细胞趋化因子epithelial growth factorEGF表皮生长因子epithelial growth factor receptorEGFR表皮生长因子受体epitopeepitope spreading（抗原）表位 表位扩展Epstein-Barr virusEBVEB病毒erythropoietinEPO促红细胞生成素exocytosis胞吐作用exogenous ant

18、igen外源性抗原experimentally allergic encephalomyelitisEAE实验性过敏性脑脊髓炎EXT表皮剥脱毒素extracellular matrixECM细胞外基质Fas ligandFasLFas酉F体Fc receptorFcRFc受体Fc yR n -BB细胞表面Fc受体fetal antigen胚胎抗原fibroblastic growth factorFGF成纤维细胞生长因子fibronectinFN纤维连接蛋白first set rejection初次排斥反应flow cytometryFCM流式细胞术Fluorescence-activated

19、 cell sortorFACS荧光活化细胞分类仪follicular dendritic cellFDC滤泡树突状细胞forbidden clone禁忌克隆forssman antigenForssman 抗原fragment of antigen bindingFab抗原结合片段fragment crystallizableFc可结晶片段framework regionFR构架区gammapathy丙种球蛋白病gene rearrangement基因重排genotype基因型genetic engineering antibody基因工程抗体germinal center生发中心graft

20、移植物graft rejiction移植排斥反应graft versus host diseaseGVHD移植物抗宿主病graft versus host reactionGVHR移植物抗宿主反应graft versus leukemia reactionGVLR移植物抗白血病反应granulocyte-CSFG-CSF粒细胞集落刺激因子granulocyte-macrophage CSFGM-CSF粒细胞/巨噬细胞集落刺激因子granuloma肉芽肿granzymeGzm颗粒酶growth factorGF生长因子gut-associated lymphatic tissueGALT肠道相关

21、淋巴组织haplotype单元型hapten半抗原heat shock proteinHSP热休克蛋白heave chain constant regionCH重链恒定区heave chain variable regionVh重链可变区heavy chainH重链helper T lymphocyteTh辅助性T细胞hemolytic plaque assay溶血空斑试验hemopoietic inductive microenviromentHIM骨髓造血微环境hereditary angioneurotic edemaHAE遗传性血管神经性水肿heterophilic antigen异嗜

22、性抗原heterogenicity异质性heterograft异种移植（物）high endothelial venuleHEV高内皮静脉high zone tolerance高带耐受histamine组胺histocompatibility-2H-2（小鼠）组织相容性-2系统HLA complex人类白细胞抗原复合体homdogous restriction同源限制性homing receptor归巢受体homograft同种移植（物）homologous restriction factorHRF同源限制因子host versus graft reactionHVGR宿主抗移植物反应hum

23、an anti-murine antibodyHAMA人抗鼠抗体human gamma globulinHGG人Y球蛋白human immunodeficiency virusHIV人类免疫缺陷病毒human leucocyte antigenHLA人类白细胞抗原humoral immunity体液免疫hybridoma杂交瘤hyper IgM syndromeHIGM高IgM综合征hyperacute rejection超急性排斥反应hypervariable regionHVR高变区hypersensitivity超敏反应la-associated invariant chainIi链Ia

24、相关的恒定链idiotope独特位idiotype独特型idiotypic determinant独特型决定基Ig superfamilyIgSF免疫球蛋白超家族IgE binding factorIgE-BFIgE结合因子IL-1 receptor antagonistIL-1raIL-1受体拮抗剂immature B cell未成熟B细胞immune adherentIA免疫黏附immune associated antigenIa免疫相关抗原immune complexIC免疫复合物immune complex diseaseICD免疫复合物病immune complex type免疫复

25、合物型immune defence免疫防御immune deviation免疫偏离immune homeostasis免疫自稳immune magnetic beadIMB免疫磁珠immune responseIr免疫应答immune response geneIr gene免疫应答基因immune response regionIr基因免疫应答区immune surveillance免疫监视immune synapse免疫突触immune system免疫系统immunity免疫immunoglobulinIg免疫球蛋白immunocyte免疫细胞immunodeficiencyID免疫缺陷

26、immunodeficiency diseaseIDD免疫缺陷病immunoelectrophoresisIEP免疫电泳immunofluorescenceIF免疫荧光法immunofluorescence technique免疫荧光技术immunogen免疫原immunogenicity免疫原性immunoglobulinIg免疫球蛋白immunoglobulin superfamilyIgSF免疫球蛋白超家族immunohitochemistry techenique免疫组化技术immunological defence免疫防御immunological homeostasis免疫自稳im

27、munological enhancement免疫促进immunological tolerance免疫耐受immunonephelometry免疫比浊immuno-PCR免疫聚合酶链反应immunoproliferative disease免疫增生病immunoradiometric assayIRMA免疫放射测定immunoreactivity免疫反应性immunoreceptor tyrosine-based active motifITAM免疫受体酪氨酸活化基序immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motifITIM免疫受体酪氨酸抑制基序im

28、munoregulation免疫调节immunosurveilance免疫监视immunotherapy免疫治疗immunotolerance免疫耐受immunotoxinIT免疫毒素inactive vaccine灭活疫苗inbred mice近交系小鼠incomplete Freund s aidjantIFA不完全弗氏佐剂indirect recognition间接识别indirect or passive agglutination间接或被动凝集试验inducible co-stimulatorICOS诱导性共刺激分子inducible nitric oxide synthaseiNO

29、S诱导型NO合成酶innate immunity天然免疫insertion插入insulin dependent diabetes mellitusIDDM胰岛素依赖性糖尿病insulin like growth factorIGF胰岛素样生长因子integrin整合素intercellular adhesion moleculeICAM细胞间黏附分子interdigitating cell并指状细胞interdigitating dendritic cellIDC并指树突状细胞in terfero nIFN干扰素interleukinIL白细胞介素interleukin-1 converti

30、ng enzymeICEIL-1转化酶internal image内影像internalization内化作用interstitial dendritic cell间质性树突状细胞invariant chainIi恒定链inversion倒转isotype同种型joining chain连接链joining segmentJ基因片段junctional flexibility连接多样性Kapos i s sarcomaKSKaposi肉瘤killer activatory receptorKAR杀伤细胞激活受体killer inhibitory receptorKIR杀伤细胞抑制受体kilob

31、asekb千碱基对kilodaltonkDa千道尔顿L chain constant regionCl轻链恒定区lamina propria lymphocyteLPL固有层淋巴细胞lamininLM层黏蛋白langerhan s dieLC郎格汉斯细胞large granular lymphocyteLGL大颗粒淋巴细胞large multifunctional proteaseLMP巨大多功能蛋白酶50% lethal dosage50%致死剂量leucocyte adhesion deficiencyLAD白细胞黏附缺陷leukocyte differentiation antigenL

32、DA白细胞分化抗原leucocyte migration inhibitory factorLIF白细胞移动抑制因子leukemia inhibitory factorLIF白血病抑制因子leukotrienesLT白三烯light chainL轻链light chain constant regionCl轻链恒定区light chain variable regionVl轻链可变区limphotoxinLT淋巴毒素linkage disequilibrium连锁不平衡lipopolysaccharideLPS脂多糖lipoteichoic acidLTA磷壁酸locus（基因）座位long

33、terminal repeatLTR长末端重复序列long-acting thyroid stimulatorLATS长效甲状腺刺激激素low molecular weight polypeptideLMP低分子量多肽low zone tolerance低带耐受LPS-binding proteinLBPLPS结合蛋白luminescence immunoassayLIA发光免疫测定lupus erythematosus cellLEC红斑狼疮细胞lymph node淋巴结lymphocyte淋巴细胞B lymphocyteB淋巴细胞T lymphocyteT淋巴细胞lymphocyte fu

34、nction associated antigenLFA淋巴细胞功能相关抗原lymphocyte homing淋巴细胞归巢lymphocyte homingreceptorLHR淋巴细胞归巢受体lymphocyte mediated cytotoxicity test淋巴细胞介导的胞毒性试验lymphocyte recirculation淋巴细胞再循环lymphocyte transformation testLTT淋巴细胞转化试验lymphoid DCLDC淋巴样DCLymphoid precursor淋巴样前体细胞lymphokineLK淋巴因子lymphokine activated k

35、iller cellLAK淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞lymphoma淋巴瘤lndotheli dendritic cellLDC淋巴树突状细胞lymphotoxinLT淋巴毒素lysozyme溶菌酶lysosome溶酶体macroglobalinemia巨球蛋白血症macrophage巨噬细胞macrophage chemotacticfactorMCF巨噬细胞趋化因子macrophage-activating factorMAF巨噬细胞活化因子major histocompatibility complexMHC主要组织相容性复合体mannan-binding lectinMBL甘露聚糖结合凝集

36、素mast cell肥大细胞mature B cell成熟B细胞MBL-associated serine proteaseMASPMBL相关的丝氨酸蛋白酶melanoma antigen-encoding geneMAEG恶性黑色素瘤抗原编码基因membrane attack complexMAC膜攻击复合物membrane cofactor proteinMCP膜辅因子蛋白membrane IgmIg膜型免疫球蛋白membrane inhibitor of reactive lysisMIRL膜反应溶破抑制物membranous cellM细胞M细胞memory B lymphocyteB

37、m记忆性B细胞memory T lymphocyteTm记忆性T细胞MHC restrictionMHC限制性MHC class n compartmentM n CMHC n类分子腔室minimal recognition unitsMRU最小识别单位minor histocompatibility antigenMHA次要组织相容性抗原minor histocompatibility complexmHC次要组织相容性基因复合体mitogen丝裂原mixed lymphocyte reactionMLR混合淋巴细胞反应mixed lymphocyte cultureMLC混合淋巴细胞培养m

38、onoclonal antibodymAb单克隆抗体monocyteMon单核细胞monocyte chemoattractant protein-lMCP-l单核细胞趋化蛋白-1monokineMK单核因子mononuclear phagocyte systemMPS单核吞噬细胞系统monotactin-1Mtn-1单核细胞趋化因子-1mucosa-associated lymphoid tissueMALT黏膜相关淋巴组织mucosal addressinMad黏膜地址素mucosal addressin cell adhesion moleculeMAdCAM黏膜地址素细胞黏附分子muc

39、osal immune systemMIS黏膜免疫系统multidrug resistance geneMDRG多药耐受基因multiple alleles复等位基因multiple hematopoietic stem cellHSC多能造血干细胞multiple myeloma多发性骨髓瘤multiple sclerosisMS多发性硬化myeloid progenitor髓样前体细胞myeloid DCMDC髓样DCN-acetylglactosamineGalNacN-乙酰半乳糖胺naive B cell初始B细胞naive T cell初始T细胞nasal- associated l

40、ymphoid tissueNALT鼻相关淋巴组织natural killer cellNK自然杀伤细胞natural selection theory自然选择学说negative selection阴性选择nephritic factorNeF肾炎因子nerve growth factorNGF神经生长因子nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphateNADPH还原型辅酶IInonspecific immunity非特异性免疫N-region nucleotidenuclear factor of kappa BNF- B基因结合的核因子nude mi

41、ce裸鼠nurse cell抚育细胞oncogene癌基因opsonin调理素opsonozation调理作用oxygen burst氧爆发papain木瓜蛋白酶paracrine旁分泌paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuriaPNH阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿passive cell deathPCD被动细胞死亡passive immunization被动免疫passenger leukocyte过客白细胞pattern-recognition receptorsPRR模式识别受体PCR fingerprintingPCR指纹PCR single strand confo

42、rmation polymorphismPCR-SSCP多聚酶链反应-单链构象多态性pepsin胃蛋白酶peptidoglycanPGN肽聚糖perforinPF穿孔素peripheral blood mononuclear cellPBMC外周血单个核细胞peripheral immune organ外周免疫器官peripheral node addressinPNAd外周淋巴结地址素Peyer s patchPP集合淋巴结phagocyte吞噬细胞phagocytosis吞噬作用phagolysosome吞噬溶酶体phagosome吞噬体pathogen associated molecu

43、lar patternPAMP病原相关分子模式phenotype表型phytohemagglutininPHA植物血凝素pinocytosis胞饮作用plaque forming cellPFC空斑形成细胞plasma cellPC浆细胞platelet activating factorPAF血小板激活因子platelet derived growth factor pluripotent hematopoietic stem cellPDGFPHSC血小板源生长因子 多能造血干细胞pocket锚着位point mutation点突变pokeweed mitogenPWM美洲商陆polycl

44、onal antibody多克隆抗体polymerase chain reactionPCR多聚酶链式反应polymorphism多态性polymorphonuclear neutrophilPMN多形核嗜中性粒细胞positive seletion阳性选择pre B cell前B细胞pre-B cell stimulatory factorPBSF前B细胞刺激因子precipitation沉淀反应pre-monocyte前单核细胞primary B blast初级B母细胞primary follicle初级滤泡primary immune response初次免疫应答primary immu

45、nodeficiency diseasePIDD原发性免疫缺陷病Pro B cell祖B细胞professional APC专职抗原递呈细胞programmed cell deathPCD程序性细胞死亡properdinP备解素，P因子prostaglandinPG前列腺素protein tyrosine kinasePTK蛋白酪氨酸激酶proto-oncogene原癌基因purified protein derivativePPD纯化蛋白衍生物purine nucleotide phosphorylasePNP嘌呤核苷酸磷酸化酶radioimmunoassayRIA放射免疫测定法reacti

46、ve nitrogen intermediateRNI活性氮中间物reactive oxygen intermediateROI反应性氧中间物reactogenicity反应原性receptor cross-link受体交联receptor-mediated endocytosis受体介导的胞吞作用recombinant mice重组体小鼠reduced upon activation normal T expression and secretedRANTES正常T细胞表达和分泌的、活化 时减少的因子regulator TTr调节T细胞relative riskRR相对危险性repertoi

47、re库reshaped antibody改型抗体respiratory burst呼吸爆发restriction限制性restriction fragment length polymorphismRFLP限制性片段长度多态性rheumatoid arthritisRA类风湿关节炎rheumatic fever风湿热rheumatoid factorRF类风湿因子secondary follicle次级滤泡secondary immunodeficiency diseaseSIDD继发性免疫缺陷病secondary response再次免疫应答second set rejection再次排斥反

48、应secreted IgSIg分泌型免疫球蛋白secretory componentSC分泌成分secretory IgAsIgA分泌性IgAsecretory pieceSP分泌片selectin family选择素家族selective IgA deficiency选择性IgA缺陷self tolerance自身耐受sequence specific oligonucleotideSSO序列特异性寡核苷酸sequence specific oligonucleotide probeSSOP序列特异性寡核苷酸探针sequence specific primerSSP序列特异性引物serum anaphylaxis血清过敏症serum sickness血清病severe combined immunodeficiencySCID重症联合免疫缺陷severe combined immunodeficiency diseaseSCIDD重症联合免疫缺陷病shaperone伴随蛋白s