中英文翻译--压力铸造

1、 The pressure casting The essence that the pressure is cast ( abbreviated as die casting ) is under high-pressure function , make liquid state or half liquid metal fill and pigeonhole casting mould type in order to higher speed, and and solidify but the method of obtaining the casting in the pressur

2、e shaping. First .Die casting characteristic High pressure and filling with and pressing the casting mould two major characteristics that are die casting at a high speed. It commonly used to is it is it to odd ten thousand kPa , even is up to 2* 105kPa from several thousand pressing to penetrate to

3、press. Filled with thespeed and made an appointment in 100m/ s, can even reach above 100m/ s at some time. Filled with time very short, generally within the range of 0.01.2s. Compared with other casting methods, there are three following respects advantages in die casting: 1. The products are of hig

4、h quality The size of the casting is high in precision, generally equivalent to 6 grades, even can be up to 4 grades; Surface smooth finish is good, generally equivalent to 5 grades; The intensity and hardness are relatively high, the intensity is generally cast and improved by 250% more than the sa

5、nd mould, but the coefficient of elongation is reduced by about 70%; The size is steady, the interchangeability is good; Thin complicated casting of wall of die casting. For example, the minimum wall of die casting of zinc alloy is thick can reach 0.3mm at present; The aluminium alloy casting can re

6、ach 0.5mm ; It is 0.7mm to cast out the aperture minimumly; Minimum pitch is 0.75mm. 2.Production efficiency is high Machine productivity high, such as domestic J 3 type horizontal cold empty die casting machine 8 hours on average but 600- 70 times of die casting, small-scale hot laboratory cave die

7、 casting machine equally every eight hours but die casting 3000000; It is longe-lived to press the casting mould, one pair presses casting mould, the clock alloy of die casting, the life-span can be up to hundreds of thousands times, very to up to a million times; Easy to realize mechanizing and aut

8、omizing. 3.The economic result is fine Because the die casting is accurate in size, the form is suffused with the advantage such as being bright and clean. Generally no longer carry on machining and use directly, or the processing amount is very small, so has not only improve the metal utilization r

9、atio but also reduced a large number of processing equipment and man-hour; The price of the casting is easy ; Can adopt and make die casting up with other metal or nonmetallic materials . Assemble man-hour save metal also sparingly. There are a lot of advantages in though die casting, but there are

10、some shortcomings, to be solved. For instance: 1) Because one of speeds is high in the liquid metal filling with type at the time of die casting, the flow state is unstable, so adopt and generally press the casting method, the casting is apt to produce the air vent, not Can heat-treat ; 2) To the co

11、ncave and complicated casting, die casting is comparatively difficult; 3)High point alloy (such as the copper, ferrous metal), it is relatively low to press the life-span of casting mould; 4)Should not produce in batches small , it is with high costs that its main reason pigeonholes the casting moul

12、d and is made, the production efficiency of die casting machine is high, produce in batches uneconomically small. Second . The range of application of die casting and development trend Die casting is one of the most advanced metal shaping methods , realizing lacking the smear metal, without effectiv

13、e way of smear metal, it is very wide to use, develop quickly. Press zinc , aluminium , V and copper that the cast alloy does not confine to the nonferrous metals again at present, and expand and used for pressing the casting iron and casting steel one gradually. Size and weight of the die casting,

14、depend on the power of the die casting machine. Because the power of die casting machine is increasing constantly, the shape measurement of the casting can be from several mm. to 1- 2m; Weight can be from several grams to several dozen kilograms. But the diameter of die casting is 2m abroad, weight

15、is a aluminium casting of 50kg. Die casting confine auto industry and instrument industry to no longer too, expand other each industrial department to progressively, for instance dozens of trades , such as agricultural machinery , machine tool industry ,electronics industry , national defense indust

16、ry , computer , medical equipment , clock and watch , camera and haberdashery and hardware ,etc. In die casting technology appear vacuum die casting, add oxygen of the die castings , speed die casting not dense not precise of and can dissolving type application of cores ,etc. craft not new. 压力铸造 压力铸

17、造(简称压铸)的实质是在高强度的压力作用下使液态或半液态金属以比较高的流动速度充填压铸型型腔，并在压力作用下成型和凝固而获得完整铸件的方法。 一.压铸特点 高强度压力和高流速填充压铸型是压铸的两大特点。它常用的压射比压是从几千至几万kPa，甚至高达2105kPa。充填速度约在1050m/s,有些时候甚至可达100m/s以上。填充间非常短暂，一般在0.010.2s范围内。与其它铸造方法相比，压铸有以下三方面优点： 1. 产品质量好 铸件尺寸精度高，一般相当于67级，甚至可达到4级；表面光洁度好，一般相当于58级；强度和硬度较高，强度一般比砂型铸造提高2530%，但铸件的延伸率降低约70%；尺寸稳

18、定，互换性好；可用压力铸造薄壁复杂的铸件。例如，当前锌合金压铸件最小壁厚可达到0.3mm；铝合金铸件可达0.5mm；最小铸出孔径可达0.7mm；最小螺距可达0.75mm。 2.生产效率高 机器生产率高，例如国产J3型卧式冷空压力铸造机器平均每八小时可压铸六百次到七百次，小型热室压力铸造机平均每八小时可压铸30007000次；压铸铸型寿命比较长，一付压铸铸型，压铸钟合金，寿命可达几十万次，甚至达到上百万次，容易实现机械化和自动化。 3.经济效果优良 因为压铸铸件尺寸精确，表泛光洁好等优点。一般不再进行机械加工而直接使用，或加工量很小，所以既提高了金属利用率，又减少了大量的加工设备和工时，铸件价格比较低，可以采用组合压铸铁以及其他金属或非金属材料。既节省了装配所需要的工时又节省金属材料。 压铸虽然有许多优点，但也有一些缺点，还没有解决。例如： 1. 压铸时由于液态金属充填铸型型腔速度高，液态金属流动不稳定，故运用一般压铸方法，铸件容易产生气孔，不 能进行热处理操作； 2. 对于内凹复杂的铸件，压铸生产较为困难； 3. 高熔点合金（如铜，黑色金属），压铸铸型使用寿命比较低； 4 不宜小批量生产，其主要原因是压铸铸型制造成本高，压铸机生产效率高，小批量生产不经济。 二.压铸应用范围及发展趋势