2021届高考英语教学案：二 非谓语动词含解析

1、学必求其心得，业必贵于专精2021届高考英语人教版一轮创新教学案：第2编 专题二 非谓语动词含解析 专题二非谓语动词1。(2019全国卷，61）a 90yearold has been awarded “woman of the year” for _ （be) britains oldest fulltime employeestill working 40 hours a week。答案:being介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。2(2019全国卷，68）when we got a call _ (say） she was shortlisted, we thought it wa

2、s a joke.答案：sayingsay与前面的a call之间是主动关系，故填saying，用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a call。3(2018全国卷，64)i quickly lower myself， ducking my head to avoid _ （look) directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged。答案：looking动词avoid后面接名词或动名词。此处表示“避免直接看他的眼睛”，应填looking.4（2019天津高考，4)_(learn） to think critically is an import

3、ant skill todays children will need for the future。答案：learning 本空在主句中作主语，应该用动名词形式。5（2019天津高考，10)most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially _ (design） to help them succeed academically and personally.答案：designeda course与design之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作定语。6（2019浙江高考,63)but some students didnt

4、 want _ （wear) the uniform。 答案:to wearwant to do sth。 “想要做某事”，固定用法。7（2019江苏高考,30)_ (enjoy) the convenience of digital payment， many senior citizens started to use smart phones.答案：to enjoy句意：为了享受数字支付的便利，许多老年人开始使用智能手机。使用智能手机的目的是享受数字支付的便利,故用不定式短语作目的状语.8(2019江苏高考，32)chinas image is improving steadily, w

5、ith more countries _ (recognize） its role in international affairs。答案：recognizing句意：中国的形象正在稳步提升，更多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。此处是with复合结构(with宾语宾补）,more countries与recognize (承认，认识，认可）之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作宾补。9（2019全国卷， 短文改错）all the football players on the playground cheered loudly， say that i had a talent for footba

6、ll. _答案：saysaying分析句子结构可知，cheered是谓语动词，say前没有并列连词，所以say只能用非谓语动词形式；主语与say之间是主动关系，故用现在分词短语作状语.10（2019全国卷，短文改错）if i succeed in manage one， i will open more。 _答案:managemanagingsucceed in doing sth. “成功做某事”。动词。ing形式1动词.ing形式作主语、宾语或表语用法例句作主语动词。ing形式作主语时，谓语动词用单数it is no use sending him a letter of apology.

7、being exposed to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin。作宾语动词ing形式可以作介词的宾语也可以作动词的宾语nothing can stop the plan from being carried out.have you considered making contributions to your hometown after graduation？作表语动词。ing形式作表语时，有两种不同的含义my job is teaching。（说明主语的内容）the news is exciting.（说明主语的

8、性质）比较：he is reading.(正在进行的动作)注意常见的后面接动词。ing形式作宾语的动词或短语有：动词后接动词的形式意义finish， practice， enjoy， mind， avoid, admit, appreciate, feel like， suggest, stand， risk， consider, escape， miss, delay, dislike， imagine, understand, look forward to， insist on， cant help， get down todoing词义不变doingcontinue， like, lo

9、ve, begin， start， learndoing意义基本相同to dogo on， remember, forget, regret, try, mean， stopdoing与已做的事有关to do表示将来要做的事情advise， allow， permit， forbid, encouragedoing“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励做某事sb. to do sth.“建议/允许/禁止/鼓励”某人做某事 有关动词。ing形式的短语或句型：spend some time doing sth。花时间做某事have fun/have a good time/have a bad time doi

10、ng sth。很（不）愉快做某事have (no） difficulty doing sth.做某事（没）有困难catch sb. doing sth。逮住某人在做某事there is no point doing sth。做某事没有意义there is no denying that 。. 毋庸置疑its no use/good doing sth。做某事没有用/没好处be worth doing sth。某事值得(被)做be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事cant help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事sth. needs doing某事需要被做end up doing

11、 sth。 结果做了某事2动词。ing形式作状语、定语、宾语补足语注意英语中有些动词既可以用动词。ing形式作宾语补足语也可以用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语，但表达的意义有所不同.如see sb. do sth. (看到某人做了某事,表示看到事情的全过程)和see sb. doing sth。 (看到某人正在做某事，表示看到的是正在发生的事情)。常见的用不带to的不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:feel, hear， notice, see, watch， obverse， listen to, look at等。过去分词动词不定式1动词不定式作主语、表语、宾语或宾语补足语动词不定式可以作主语、表

12、语、宾语、宾语补足语，也可以和疑问词构成不定式短语作主语、宾语或表语。续表2动词不定式作状语、定语（1）作状语动词不定式作状语可以表示目的、结果、原因、程度等。动词不定式作目的状语,如果置于主句后，不定式前面常常不用逗号（出乎意料的结果除外)。he ran fast to catch the bus.(目的状语）i returned home that day，only to find that everything was being in good order。（结果状语,表示出乎意料的结果.如果表示顺理成章的结果,用动词ing形式）i am sorry to hear that.(原因状

13、语）she wouldnt be so silly to say that。(程度状语)（2）作定语动词不定式作定语往往表示将来的动作.he has nothing to do。we reached an agreement to do the work together。they made a plan to develop new products。.单句语法填空1(2019福建省百所重点校高三年级联合考试）_ (use） a different mental approach might help explain why people with math anxiety struggle

14、 more with complex problems.答案：using分析句子结构可知，此处缺少主语，故使用动名词using和后面的a different mental approach一起作主语.2from our survey, we were happy _ (find) the farmers living standard greatly improved。答案:to findbe happy to do sth。 “很高兴做某事。3(2020湖北省孝感市第一中学高三年级月考）eating soil can produce more effective results _ （com

15、pare） to eating slimming pills， claimed researchers from an australian university。答案：compared句意：澳大利亚的一个大学的研究团队声称，吃土可能比吃减肥药的效果还好。分析句子可知，“compare属于非谓语，与其逻辑主语“eating soil”之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词形式compared.4_ (work) in several countries, the young man seems to have the experience were looking for.答案：having worke

16、d句意:在几个国家工作过，这个年轻人似乎拥有我们所需要的经验。表示发生在主句谓语动词之前的主动的动作，用having worked.5you can trust him. he is a man _ （know) throughout the business field for his honesty.答案：known句意：你可以信任他。他是一个在商业界因诚实而著称的人。know与其修饰的名词man之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用过去分词known。6(2019黑龙江牡丹江市一中高三摸底考试） _ （face） with a difficult situation， amold decided

17、to ask his boss for advice。答案:faced固定短语be faced with “面对着”；该短语是对句子主语amold的情况进行说明。句意：面对着艰难的形势，amold决定向老板征询建议.7our english teacher started a wechat group _ (communicate) with us after school。答案：to communicate句意：我们英语老师建了一个微信群，为了课后交流.表示目的,用动词不定式形式。8_ (cover） 840 square miles， the national park has beaut

18、iful lakes， mountains， and forests.答案：covering句意：占地面积840平方英里，这个国家公园里有湖泊、山脉和森林。逻辑主语the national park与cover之间构成主动关系,用动词ing形式，故填covering.9the experience _ （gain） from failure is of great value to us。答案:gained句意:从失败中获得的经验对我们很有价值。 该动词gain与其所修饰的名词experience之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，用gained.10a growing trend in china n

19、ow gives customers the options _ (pay） the bill by scanning a qr code or cash。答案：to pay句意:在中国现在有一个越来越火的趋势,让顾客选择扫码或者现金付账单。修饰名词options，用动词不定式作后置定语。.单句改错1to make it easier to get in touch with us， youd better to keep this card at hand。_答案:去掉better后的to句意：为了更容易地和我们取得联系，你最好把这张卡片放在手头上。had better do sth. “最好做某事”，为固定搭配.2seeing from the top of the hill， the garden looks more beautiful。_答案：seeingseenthe garden与see之间是被动关系，因此用过去