高考 阅读推理判断

1、2018届高考英语专题复习 阅读理解-推理判断题 How to deal with questions of inference 1.1.看透文章的表面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提看透文章的表面意思，从字里行间捕捉有用的提 示和线索示和线索-推理的前提和基础。推理的前提和基础。 2 2透过现象看本质，通过分析、综合、判断，进行透过现象看本质，通过分析、综合、判断，进行 符合逻辑的推理。符合逻辑的推理。 推理判断题推理判断题 3 3忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。 切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。切忌用自己的观点代替作者的本意。 4 4善于全面

2、分析，切忌片面思考。善于全面分析，切忌片面思考。 1. Question forms: It can be inferred from the text that . What the writer really means is . The writer suggests that . The story implies that . We can infer /conclude from the passage that . 2.技巧点拨技巧点拨 1)全面分析全面分析 2)忠实原文忠实原文3)不要选择表层信息不要选择表层信息 这类题干中通常含有这类题干中通常含有infer, suggest

3、, imply, conclude等标志性词语。等标志性词语。 1.Did you ever hear a strange sound coming from the wall? Did it sound like a clock? If so, it may have been made by a beetle. Long ago people thought the ticking meant that someone was about to die. Thus the beetle is called the deathwatch beetle. The sound of this b

4、eetle _. A. pleased people. B. surprised people. C. frightened people. D. excited people. It is said that people should take a lesson from the clock. The clock passes the time by keeping its hands busy. People who do what the clock does also pass the time by keeping their hands busy and not by sleep

5、ing the time away. You can tell that busy people_ act like clocks. B. sleep the time away. C. dont do what clocks do. D. dont have hands. 2. Several different bison species have lived on the North American continent since the Ice Age; today only two exist. The wood bison is the larger of the two, an

6、d is now found mostly in western Canada. Better known in the United States is the Plains bison, or buffalo. At one time, herds of these animals could be sighed almost everywhere from the Appalachian Mountains in the East to the Rocky Mountains in the West. 3. The author implies that several types of

7、 bison_. A. live outside the United States and Canada B. are well adapted to swampy terrain C. existed before the Ice Age D. have been killed or have died out not mentioned positive negative approval disapproval objective subjective optimistic pessimistic indifferent reserved neutral unbiased critic

8、al doubtful 积极的，肯定的积极的，肯定的消极的，否定的消极的，否定的 赞成的赞成的 不赞成的不赞成的 客观的客观的主观的主观的 乐观的乐观的 悲观的悲观的 漠不关心的漠不关心的 保留意见的保留意见的 中立的中立的无偏见的，公平的无偏见的，公平的 批评的批评的怀疑的怀疑的 1. Question forms: The writers attitude toward is_. The writer thought that_. According to the author _. 2.技巧点拨技巧点拨 注意作者表达感情色彩的注意作者表达感情色彩的形容词、形容词、 副词、动词及所举的例子

9、副词、动词及所举的例子，才能推断出，才能推断出 作者的态度。作者的态度。 5. Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder, bribery(行贿行贿)，and death. Frankly，Im sick of all this bad news. This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _. A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform 6.（江西卷）Just as

10、 crying can be healthy, not cryingholding back tears of anger, pain or sufferingcan be bad for physical health. Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask

11、you to cry. But when you feel like crying, dont fight it. Its a natural and healthyemotional response. According to the author, which of the following statements is true? A. Crying is the best way to get help from others. B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems. C. We will never know o

12、ur deep feelings unless we cry. D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure. 9.Laughing is essential to keep your stress levels under control. Without humor we would find ourselves with a lot of psychological problems, or on a lot of medications to keep us from going crazy. There is too much sadnes

13、s in this present world. It drives people crazy. We all need to find a way to bypass the sadness and bring a little light into our lives. 推断作者态度推断作者态度 So, I believe our best medicine is to get together and tell some jokes and have some fun laughing together. What is the writers attitude towards the

14、present world? A. Positive B. Critical C. Satisfied D. Indifferent 10. The theories of modern psychology argue that we must understand the needs of our children. Children are not just small adults; they are children who must be respected as such. Well, you may say, this is as it should be, and a goo

15、d idea. But think further. What happens? “Education” becomes the responsibility not of teachers, but of psychologists. What happens then?. What is the authors attitude toward the theories of modern psychology? A. Uninterested B. Tolerant C. Satisfied D. Critical 推断作者态度推断作者态度 1. Question forms: (1) 考

16、查整篇文章的写作目的 A. The writers purpose of writing this passage is to _. B. What is the purpose of writing this article? C. In writing the passage, the author intends to _. (2) 考查某处细节的写作意图 A. The writer uses the example ofto show that _. B. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage

17、 to _. C. are mentioned in the first paragraph to _. 2. 常见的写作目的归纳常见的写作目的归纳 不同的文章可能有不同的写作目的, 但写作 目的通常有以下三种： (1) to entertain readers（娱乐读者，让人发笑） (2) to persuade readers（说服读者接受某种观 点） (3) to inform readers（告知读者某些信息） 常见于常见于故事类故事类的文章。的文章。to make people laugh; to tell an interesting experience 常见于常见于广告类广告类

18、的文章。的文章。to sell a product or a service; to attract more visitors / readers / 多见于多见于科普类新闻报道类文化类或科普类新闻报道类文化类或 社会类社会类的文章的文章 。 3. 技巧点拨技巧点拨 (1) 根据根据文体类别文体类别推断写作目的推断写作目的 (2) 从从写作手法写作手法来推断写作目的来推断写作目的 11. “Have you ever been out on a boat and felt it lifted up by a wave? Or have you jumped in the water and

19、felt the rush of energy as waves came over you?” asked Jamie Taylor of the Wave Energy Group at the University of Edinburgh. “There is certainly a lot of energy in waves,” he said. The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to _. A. test the readers knowledge about waves B. dr

20、aw the readers attention to the topic C. show Jamie Taylors importance D. invite the readers to answer them 12. A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the mans big family-his parents, his brothers, their wives and childre

21、n. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar. Three months later the woman went back to her parents home, having quarreled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat or work. It appeared to be ill and heart-bro

22、ken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house. It went to the womans home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved by the act of the animal that she returned to her husbands home. The writer wrote the story in ord

23、er to_. A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal C. show that women care more for animals than men do D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife 1. Question forms: The passage is most likely to be taken from_. Where would this passage most probably appe

24、ar? The passage is most likely a part of _. 2. 解题技巧解题技巧 这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其这类问题应从文章的内容或结构来判断其 出处：出处：(1) 报纸报纸 (2)广告广告 (3)产品说明产品说明 (4)网络等网络等 13.（全国卷）（全国卷）Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by “Take only as directed?” Read the following directions

25、and see if you understand them. To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片药片) with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief (缓解疼痛缓解疼痛) take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours. For children six to twelve

26、 years old, give half the amount . For children under six years old, ask your doctors advice. Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine. This text is most probably taken from a _. A. textbook B. newsreel C. doctors notebook D. bottle of medicine Que

27、stion forms: The next paragraph would most probably deal with _ The paragraph preceding this one would most likely discuss _. 2. 解题技巧解题技巧 推测推测下文下文的内容：根据的内容：根据作者的思路作者的思路进行推进行推 理，特别是最后两三句话。理，特别是最后两三句话。 推测推测上文上文的内容：的内容：关注第一段关注第一段，特别是文，特别是文 段开始的几句话。段开始的几句话。 15. When early humans hunted and gathered food

28、, they were not in control of their environment. They could only interact with their surroundings as lower organisms did. When humans learned to make fire, however, they became capable of altering their environment. To provide themselves with fuel they stripped bark from trees, causing the trees to die Only when the process of meeting the basic need for food reached a certain level of sophistication was it possible for humans to follow other pursuits such as the founding of cities. The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about _. A. fire B. hunting C. farming D. ur