高二英语【完形填空解题技巧】

1、高考英语完形填空解题技巧1. 利用首句信息从历年的试题可以看出，完形填空所采用的短文一般不给标题，且首句往往不设空，通常是个完整的句子。这个句子往往是全文的关键句，它是了解全文的窗口，常常包含对解题有用的信息，因此考生要注重细读首句，并据此来判断文章的体裁，题材，推测全文的主旨和大意，推断故事发生的人 物、地点、时间、气氛等多方面的特征，争取开局顺利。2利用前后暗示完形填空题除了注重考查考生对语境的理解外，还经常在完形填空的短文中设置 前后互相暗示的考题。这里需要注意的是：若是前面暗示后面，做题相对来说比较容易。但从对历届考题的研究情况来看，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面，也就是说前面的某些填空从当

2、时的情况来看，或是线索不清，或是语境不明，无法填出，但只要我们继续往后看，就会发现此空在后面的某个地方有暗示。所以，考 生在做题时一定要充分利用这一特点，以提高做题的准确率。3. 利用逻辑推理做完形填空题的过程从本质上说是一个阅读推理的过程。 为了能够准确、快速地理解文章内容，考生必须把握作者的思路，使自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式相吻合，同时考生还必须不断地从各个角度进行合乎逻辑的推理，并不断地验证推理的正确性，以达到理解全文、解决问题的目的。正确 分析推理是恰当解题的必要条件，而恰当解题又是对题目进行正确分析推理的必然结果。4. 利用语境因素文章是一个具有内在联系的整体,而上下文则是营造语

3、境的基础 , 也是逻辑推理的依据. 通读全文,理顺大意,根据上下文找出信息词是做好完形填空题的关键 .近年来,高考试题中的完形填空题在命题 设计上的趋势是朝着深层化及语境化的方面挖掘 ,逐渐摈弃单纯的语言分析考查 ,而越来越侧重逻辑 推理判断.因此,只有借助上下文乃至全文语境的启示或限定才能够准确做出判断.5. 利用语法分析尽管近几年的高考完形填空题主要考察考生对语境的理解 , 很少考查纯语法知识的运用 , 但是 借助语法分析来帮助理解句子 ,推测语境 ,判断搭配等 ,却是必不可少的 .因此考生做题时应充分利用平时 所学的语法及词汇,名词的可数与不可数,动词的及物与不及物以及句子结构等知识.1

4、 / 76. 利用文化背景和生活常识高考完形填空往往以自身的内容提供相对完整的语篇信息 ,但其间交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和常识 ,如文化 , 风俗,生活常识以及科学知识等 .考生在做题时可充分 利用社会文化知识和生活常识 , 并注意中西方文化方面存在的差异 将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程 ,节省宝贵的时间 ,顺 理成章的选出正确的答案.7.利用语篇标志(重点)语篇指比句子长的语言单位,语篇标志指语篇之间有内在联系的词语.常见的语篇标志语有:1) 结构层次:“secondly、 thirdly 、 finally”等;2) 时间关系:“before、 after、 later”等;3)

5、 因果关系:“because、 for、 since 、as so 、therefore、 thus”等;4) 话题关系:“by the way”等;5) 转折关系:“but 、however、 nevertheless 、 on the contrary”等6) 递进关系:“in addition、 besides 、then 、whats more 、 further”等7) 并列关系:“and 、and also 、 or 、neithernor、eitheror、not onlybut also、as well、similarly、in the same way、that is to

6、say ”等8) 让步关系:“although、though、even though、even if、no matter+ 疑问词”等9) 条件关系:“if、only if、if only ”等.8.利用习惯用法和词语辨析知识习惯用法是英语中固定的结构,是不能随意改的.平时学习中应注意积累及掌握好习惯用法. 同时, 应多注意词语辨析及词语搭配 ,要培养在特定语境中灵活运用词语的能力.【实例分析】（2008 年高考英语全国卷 i）a fter the birth of my second child ， i got a job at a restaurant. having worked wit

7、h an experienced_1_for a few days ， i was_2_to wait tables on my own. all went_3_that first week. when saturday night came， i was luckily_4_the tables not far from the kitchen， _5_， i still felt it a little hard to carry the heavy trays （托盘）.b efore i knew it， the_6_was full of people. i moved slowl

8、y，_7_every step. i remember2 / 7how_8_i was when i saw the tray stand near the tables ， it looked different from the one i was_9_on. it had nice handles （手柄）， which made it_10_to move around. i was pleased with everything and began to_11_i was a natural at this job.then， an old man came to me and sa

9、id， “excuse me， dear， my wife and i loved_12_you work. it seems your tray stand has been very_13_to you ， but we are getting ready to_14_now， and my wife needs her_15_back. ”at first his_16_did not get across. “what was he talking about!” then i got it. i had set my trays on his wifes orthopedic wal

10、ker （助步器）. i stood frozen as ice ， but my face was_17_ i wanted to get into a hole and_18_.since then， i have learned from many mistakes such as the one i just_19_. i have learned to be more_20_and not to be too sure of myself.1. a. manager b. assistant c. cook d. waitress2. a. promised b. invited c

11、. allowed d. advised3. a.well b. quickly c. safely d. wrong4. a. left b. given c. brought d. shown5. a. therefore b. however c. otherwise d. finally6. a. kitchen b. street c. restaurant d. table7. a. minding b. changing c. taking d. saving8. a. angry b. calm c. sad d. happy9. a. fixed b. trained c.

12、loaded d. waited10. a. slower b. lighter c. quieter d. easier11. a. believe b. agree c. regret d. pretend12. a. letting b. making c. watching d. having13. a. useful b. familiar c. unusual d. interesting14. a. rest b. order c. eat d. leave15. a. bag b. walker c. tray d. coat16. a. idea b. praise c. m

13、essage d. need17. a. cold b. full of joy c. pale d. on fire18. a. lie b. hide c. defend d. stay19. a. repeated b. discovered c. corrected d. described20. a. careful b. patient c. honest d. practical实战演练【第 1 篇】when sailors are allowed ashore after a long time at sea, they sometimes get drunk and caus

14、e trouble. for this reason, the navy _1_ has its police in big ports. whenever sailors cause trouble, the police come and _2_ them.one day, the police in a big seaport received a telephone call _3_ a bar in the town. the barman said that a big sailor had got drunk and _4_ the furniture in the bar. t

15、he officer in charge of the police guard that evening said that he would come immediately.3 / 7now, officers who _5_ and punish the sailors _6_ drunk usually chose _7_ policeman they could find to go with them. _8_ this particular officer did not do this. _9_, he chose the smallest and _10_ man he c

16、ould find to go to the bar with him and _11_ the sailor.another officer who _12_ there was surprised when he saw the officer of the guard chose such a small man. _13_ he said to him, “why _14_ you take a big man with you? you have to fight the sailor who _15_.”“yes, you are _16_ right,” answered the

17、 officer of the guard. “that is exactly _17_ i am taking this small man. if you see two policemen coming _18_ you, and one is _19_ the other, which one _20_ you attack?”1. a. always b. seldom2. a. meet with b. deal with3. a. about b. from4. a. was breaking b. was orderingc. forever d. sometimesc. se

18、e d. judgec. in d. ofc. was moving d. was dusting5. a. would go b. might beat c. dared to fight d. had to go6. a. slightly b. not at all7. a. the biggest b. the youngestc. heavily d. much more c. the bravest d. the experienced8. a. in fact b. but c. so d. and9. a. instead b. thereforec. although d.

19、then10. a. good-looking b. weakest-looking c. ugly-looking d. strongest-looking11. a. seize b. kill12. a. will go b. had come 13. a. yet b. butc. get rid of d. catch up with c. would start off d. happened to be c. so d. then14. a. dont b. couldntc. cantd. do15. a. looks strong b. is drunk c. seems r

20、ude d. is dangerous16. a. allb. very c. too d. quite17. a. how b. what c. why d. that18. a. up b. atc. before d. towards19. a. not smaller than b. as big as c. as small as d. much smaller than20. a. could b. will c. do d. can实战演练【第 2 篇】s everal years ago, while attending a communication course, i ex

21、perienced a most unusual process. the instructor asked us to list _1_ in our past that we felt _2_ of, regretted, or incomplete about and read our lists aloud.s his seemed like a very _3_ process, but there s always some _4_soul in the crowd who will volunteer. the instructor then _5_ that we find w

22、ays to _6_ people, or take some action to right any wrong doings. i was seriously wondering how this could ever _7_ my communication.then the man next to me raised his hand and volunteered this story: “making m y _8_, i remembered an incident from high school. i grew up in a small town. there was a

23、sheriff _9_ of us4 / 7kids liked. one night, my two buddies and i decided to play a _10_ on him.after drinking a few beers, we climbed the tall water tank in the middle of the town, and wrote on the tank in bright red paint: sheriff brown is a s.o.b. the next day, almost the whole town saw our glori

24、ous _11_. within two hours, sheriff brown had us in his office. my friends told the truth but i lied. no one _12_ found out.”“nearly 20 years later, sheriff browns name _13_ on my list. i didnt even know if he was still _14_. last weekend, i dialed the information in my hometown and found there was

25、a roger brown still listed. i tried his number. af ter a few _15_, i heard, “hello?” i said, “sheriff brown?” paused. “yes.” “well, this is jimmy calkins.”“and i want you to know that i did it ？”paused. “i knew it!” he yelled back. we had a good laugh and a _16_ discussion. his closing words were: “

26、jimmy, i always felt bad for you _17_ your buddies got it off their chest, but you were carrying it _18_ all these years. i want to thank you for calling me.for your sake.”jimmy inspired me to _19_ all 101 items on my list within two years, and i always remember what i learned from the course: its n

27、ever too late to _20_the past wrongdoings.1. a. something b. anything c. somebody d. anybody2. a. ashamed b. afraid c. sure d. proud3. a. private b. secret c. interesting d. funny4. a. foolish b. polite c. simple d. brave5. a. expected b. suggested c. ordered d. demanded6. a. connect with b. depend

28、on c. make apologize to d. get along with7. a. improve b. continue c. realize d. keep8. a. notes b. list c. plan d. stories9. a. any b. most c. none d. all10. a. part b. game c. trick d. record11. a. view b. sign c. attention d. remark12. a. also b. even c. still d. ever13. a. appears b. considers c

29、. presents d. remembers14. a. angry b. happy c. doubtful d. alive15. a. words b. rings c. repeats d. calls16. a. cold b. plain c. nervous d. lively17. a. in case b. so long as c. unless d. because18. a. around b. out c. on d. away19. a. build up b. make up c. clear up d. give up20. a. regret b. forg

30、ive c. right d. punish作业【第 3 篇】5 / 7the greatest source of inspiration for me has always been my father. though hes been gone for 17 years, his 1 still resonate. he taught me how to run my own 2 in life. but the most inspiring thing he taught me was to 3 .one incident is 4 in my mind. it happened wh

31、en i was a teenager. my sister and i w erent very fond of a so-called friend of 5 . dad was a very generous man, and as hed done with so many people, hed given this fellow great help. but when he asked for a favor 6 , the guy didnt deliver.dads outlook on most things was live and let live. in this c

32、ase, however, his calmness 7 terre and me, and we let him know it.how can you be nice to that man? we said to him. youve been so kind to him, 8 hes not being kind back. why would you want to give him the time of day again? my father shrugged and said to us, i do not bend my back with 9 .”i didnt 10

33、it at first, but over the years i came to understand the 11 . holding a grudge doesnt 12 the person youre angry with, but it changes you. it makes you 13 and gives you more weight to drag around.after my father died in 1991, a （n） 14 came from a fellow id had a quarrel with years before to 15 his sy

34、mpathy. he wrote: i thought id tell you how sorry i am 16 the loss of your father. i know he 17 the world to you. i just wanted to let you know that you are in my thoughts. much moved, i wrote back. i thanked him for his 18 . and then, because hed 19 our disagreement, i recalled dads 20 words. i am

35、my fathers daughter, i wrote. and like him, i do not bend my back with yesterday.”1. a. lectures b. suggestions c. lessons d. pictures2. a. engine b. race c. route d. car3. a. forgive b. persuade c. forget d. excuse4. a. vital b. obvious c. visual d. vivid5. a. sistersb. mine c. fathersd. mothers6.

36、a. in return b. in turn c. by return d. by turn7. a. relaxed b. moved c. interrupted d. bothered8. a. and b. nevertheless c. still d. so9. a. anger b. disappointment c. worry d. yesterday 10. a. make b. get c. work d. hear11. a. reason b. word c. philosophy d. sentence 12. a. change b. hurt c. upset

37、 d. disturb13. a. stronger b. weaker c. rougher d. heavier14. a. news b. letter c. message d. information 15. a. explain b. express c. produce d. present16. a. in b. with c. about d. at17. a. showed b. represented c. equaled d. meant18. a. kindness b. sympathy c. understanding d. consideration 19. a

38、. referred b. mentioned c. reminded d. retold20. a. well-known b. instructive c. inspiring d. forgiving作业【第四篇】6 / 7stacy had recently moved from new york city to stoneybrook, connecticut. it was _1_ for her to make new friends but she finally had three when she joined the babysitters club to _2_ lit

39、tle children whose parents were busy. claudia, kristy, and mary were in her class at school and also the other _3_ of the club. the girls met at five oclock on fridays and waited for the _4_ to ring. so far they had been busy, in spite of the _5_ that they couldnt stay out late and were under 13._6_

40、, the girls world was invaded by a second gro up _7_ themselves the babysitters agency. they were _8_ and the group also included a few boys. the babysitters club tried to think of ways to _9_ with the older group. they could clean and work for less money, however, they _10_ it would be difficult to compete. the shock was even greater than they had _11_ when most of their best customers started to call the new group. they _12_ to get only a few jobs.to try a new _13_ kristy recruited a few older kids who told the club they didnt want to _14_ their money with the other group. the club _