冠词的用法小结

1、v1.0可编辑可修改12a, an, the的用法精讲及练习冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名 词的含义。英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词(the Definite Article )，另 一种是不定冠词(the IndefiniteArticle )，还有一种是零冠词(Zero Article )。an, a是不定冠词，仅用在单数可数名词前面，表示“一”的意义，但不强调数 目观念。a用在以辅音(指辅音音素)开头的词前， an用在以元音(指元素音 素)开头的词前。the是定冠词，修饰特指名词 翻译成“这个”。 如果泛指某 物，用a,/an,具体指某物的话，用

2、the.注意：(1)当我们使用an时，条件有 这个名词的读音必须是以元音音素开头-即它的 音标的第一个音素是元音, 而不是说它是以兀音字母开头。 它必须是个可数名词。 它还必须是个单数名词。我们常常见到这类用法：一个小时一位工程师a uni versity所大学an houran orange 只桔子an engineeran ordinary man的人个普通人an hon est pers on一位诚实a boy, a city, a girl, a useful ani mal , an old man, an hon est boy,a bad apple, a tall elepha

3、 nt,a university（虽然u是元音字母，但不读元音）,an hour 一个小时（虽然h不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头）不定冠词有a和an两种：a用于辅音音素开头的词前，an用于元音音素开头的 词前。例如：a boy, a city, a girl, a useful ani mal , an old man, an hon est boy,a bad apple, a tall elephant, auniversity(虽然 u 是元音字母，但不读元音),an hour 一个小时(虽然h不是元音，但单词读音是元音开头) 1 指某类人或事物中的任何一个。An elepha nt i

4、s bigger tha n a horse.A car runs faster tha n a bike.(2) 指人或事物，用来表示“一”的意思，但不强调数的观念，只说明名词为不 特定者。指人或事物即不具体说明是 何人何物。例如：There are seve n days in a week.We have three meals a day.A teacher is look ing for you.We work five days a week.(3) 不定冠词含有“一”的意思，但数量观念没有one强烈，在句子里一般可 以不必译出，但若有“一个”的意思则译出，例如：There s a

5、 tree on the hill.He has an in teresti ng book.An orange is good for you.桔子对你有好处。How much is it 多少钱Two yua n a kilo.兀 -公斤。(4) 一般用在可数名词单数前，指人或事物的某一种类。例如：Bill is a stude nt.He is a doctor.(5) 用在某些固定词组中。例如:a lot of, a mome nt ago, a few, a littlea bit have a rest have a cold a kind of a piece of havea

6、good time6. 首次提到的人或物。一.不定冠词的用法：2 指人或事物，但不具体说明何人或何物There are seve n days in a week.We have three meals a day.4. 指某类人或事物中的任何一个。An elepha nt is bigger tha n a horse.A car runs faster tha n a bike.(2) 定冠词在句子中，既可以用于可数名词前，也可以用于不可数名词前；既 用在可数名词的单数形式前，也用在可数名词的复数形式前。从表达意义上讲, 它既可表达this, that 之意义，也可表达these, tho

7、se 之意义。二.定冠词的用法(1) 特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。 例如:The book on the desk is mine.(2) 指双方都知道的人或事物。 例如：Open the door, please.请开门。(3) 用在世界上独一无二的事物前。the sun the earth the moon the sky the world例如：The sun is bigger tha n the moon.太阳比月亮大些。但这些名词作为描绘性定语时，可用不定冠词。例如：Look! A red sun is risi ng.瞧！ 一轮红日正在升起。（4）用在序数词和形容词最高级前。例

8、如：The first isla nd is the biggest of the three.第一个小岛是三个中最大的。（5）用在用普通名词构成的党派，国家等专有名词以及江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、海峡、海湾等专有名词前。the Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠the Jin gga ng Mou ntai ns井冈山the Chan gjia ng River 长江 the Pacific Ocea n太平洋the Red Sea红海the Suez苏伊士运河the Un ited Natio ns 联合国 the Great Wall长城the Red Cross Hospital红十字医院例如：T

9、hey will visit the Great Wall next week.（6）用在形容词前表示一类人,the +形容词指的是一群人，是一种复数含义,所以其后动词应用复数形式the rich有钱人the poor穷人the sick病人the old老人the young年轻人the bli nd盲人例如：The old are sick.这些老人生病了。（7）用在姓名复数形式前表示一家人或一家人中的两个，或两个以上的人例如：The Smiths have moved to Lon do n.斯密斯一家去了伦敦。怀特夫妇没有小孩The Whites have no childre n .

10、(8)用在某些习惯用语,固定搭配中。例如：in the morni ng在早上on the left在左边the day before yesterday前天all the same都一样at the same time同时in the day在白天in the end最终by the way顺便说一下in the ope n air在户外the same as.和。相同tell the truth说真话(9) 弹奏西方乐器前面要用定冠词，东方乐器则不用。如:Play the pia noplay Erhu(10) 用于逢十数词的复数前，指世纪中的年代。The war boke out in

11、the thirties.(11) 用于方向或者方位名词前。(12) He lives to the east of Los An geles.基本用法巧记：特指双方都熟悉，上文已提示。世上独无二，序数最高级某些专有名，习语及乐器。三零冠词即不用冠词的情况：1 .专有名词和不可数名词：China, Class One 如特指可与冠词连用。2 .泛指的复数名词前:Books are my best friend.3. 在星期(on Monday)、月份(in March)、季节(in Summer)节日(in Christmas) 刖。4. 一日三餐(have breakfast)、球类(pla

12、y basketball)、学科(maths)、语言(in English)名词前。5 职务、头衔、称呼前Doctoram not feeling well.6 名词前已有指示代词、物主代词或不定冠词时。7. 在某些固定短语中。by bus by bike in bed at homeon foot in class go to collegego to school day and ni ght from morning till night练习：选择a或an或者不填（用/来表示）penbagapplebig applebananaorangeoran gesorange penhourho

13、useumbrellauni versity用a/an填空： Is itChin ese book or English book This is _ ng, and it is orange ring. Mary is _ nglish teacher. Tom is Chinese teacher. This is bike. It s old bike. This is _ eph one nu mber. That is _ID card. I lost my keys. It s t of keys. It s apple, not pear._ This is peach. Tha

14、t s range. You havebana na, but I have egg. Is there umbrella on the desk There isisland in the sea. There ispicture on the card. I have Id book. apple is a ki nd of fruit. There isarmchair in the livi ng room. I d like egg. Look, there is bird in the tree. Is there map on the wall There isbench in

15、the park.选择正确的答案I. 1 am(a, an )stude nt.2. There is(a, an) elepha nt in the zoo.3. You are(a, an) good boy.4. I have(a, an) oran ge.5. Miss Grant is( a, an )ugly teacher.6. This is(a ,an)new book.7. Please take(a, an )umbrella.8. Close(a, an ,the)door, please.9. My father is(a ,an) doctor.10. There

16、is(a, an) orange on the table.II. He gives me(a, an )sticker.12. What is(a, an, the )biggest bird in the world13. I haveorange .orange is very sour.( a, an ,the)14. My father is(a, an, the )ma n.(A ,An ,The )moon is in the sky.16. There s(a, an, the )apple on the table.(a, an, The) blackboard in our

17、 classroom is big.18. He likes to play(a, an, the )pia no.19. Mon day is(a, a, the )first day of the week.20. My favorite animal is(a, an ,the) cat.、在需要的地方填入适当的冠词，不需要的地方填/1. This isegg. It ssmall egg.2. Jim hasbig head.3. Who isgirl in green4. -Do you haveknife-Yes, I do. I only havesmall one.5. Luc

18、y and Lily looksame.6. Jim is fromUSA. Mike is fromEn gla nd.over there is Jim sbrother.8. Is thatcat ortigerIt scat.9. We are inBeiji ng High School.10. They are insame class.1. There is “ h” in the word “ honestA. aB. theC. /D. anterrible life people in the small island lived at that time!A. an B.

19、/ C. a3. Father often says to me, useful man tomorrow. ”A. a; aB. an; anD. theBehon est boy today andC. a; anD. an; aismost beautiful city in summer.A. theB. /C. aD. one5. So you are runningrestaura ntYes, but I don t want to makeit restaura nt only for rich people.A. the; /B. the; the C. a; the D.

20、a; a6. Have you see npen I left it here this morning.Is itblack one I thi nk I saw it some where.A. a; the ; the C. a; aD. the; a7. Oh , John. Whatyou gave us!A. a pleasa nt surpriseB. pleasa nt surpriseC. an pleasa nt surpriseD. the pleasa nt surprise8. Joh n isuni versity stude nt.A. /B. anyC. aD.

21、 an9. I d like information about the managemenbf your hotel , please.Well , you could haveword with the manager. Hemight be helpful.A. some; a B. an; some C. some; some D. an; a10. If you don t like the red coat , take the blue one.OK, but do you have _ size in blue This one is a bit tight for me.A.

22、 a bigB. a biggerC. the big D. the bigger1. doctor told him to take medicine three times day.iswoman over there. woman is Merimee s mother .3. sun rises ineast .4. Changjiang River is Iongest river in China.s too hot . Opendoor, please .iscapital ofUSA四、总结与作业1.单项选择。1) He ofte n hasegg and some milk for breakfast.A. /B. aC. theD. an2) - What s the trouble with Lingling?-She doesn t go toschool and stay inbed now.A. a; /B. the; theC. /; /D. /; a3)