六年级英语阅读理解题型过关技巧指导练习题答案解析

1、 六年级英语阅读理解题型过关技巧指导 一、培养正确的阅读习惯有许多孩子在长期的学习中往往形成了各种阅读习惯，如一个词一个词地读，且常伴 有一些习惯动作：用手指、摆头等，这就是速读的障碍，并且可能影响到孩子一生的阅读。有些不良的习惯会影响到他们正常的阅读，我们应注意纠正他们以下的不良方式：）心译。这些做（1）用手指或笔指词阅读；（）声读；（542）逐词阅读；（3）复读；（法的结果往往是降低阅读速度，不利于把注意力集中在作者要表达的思想或传递的信息上。应当指出，孩子在平常的阅读中都会出现个别的、有意识的复视或回视，但过分的回 视则会影响阅读的速度乃至对文章有效的理解。 二、加强按意群阅读的训练按意

2、群阅读是一种科学的阅读方法。它首先要求把所读的句子尽可能分成意义较完整 （目）I / usually / go / to / school / by / bike.的组群，目光要尽可能少地停顿。试比较：（1）为逐词3次）。其中，（1（目光停次），（光停顿72）I usually / go to school / by bike.为按意群读。具体说来，读的时候我们要指导学生，不要把目光停在某一个词 ）读，（2入 上，而应该用两眼余光看这个词两侧的词，眼睛不要盯在字行上，要高一些，这样，映眼帘的便是词组而不是单个的词；读的时候要少眨眼、不摆头，只要眼球来回转动就可以宜，这样才能保 了；保持坐姿端正

3、，书本应放到眼睛正前方，眼睛与书本距离大约一尺为证同一适当距离、同一视角范围内尽可能多地摄入文字信息，正确的读书写字姿势，如下图：关键在于它既不是默读（心读）更不是朗读，而是通过目光在外语与大脑之间建立直接的联系，即外语思维。这是一个简捷快速的过程，非经过大量阅读训练的妙手岂能偶而快速朗读已经熟悉的课文等得之？因此，我们在平常可以教给学生试试以下两个方法：1. 文字材料（最好朗读到能够熟练背诵的程度）。通过这种练习，对什么是意群，怎样区分 意群，如何把注意力放在一个意群的中心词上，逐步就会有所实际地感受。 把课文或阅读过的材料按意群分行抄写下来，再用目光扫读，使眼睛习惯于一扫一段。2. 着阅读

4、的深入，熟练的孩子在阅读过程中能根据自己的阅读目的、阅读内容和文体随 择、推测调整阅读速度，并利用头脑中已有的相关知识，借助尽可能少的文字信息进行选 和推理，必要时还能跳出文段客观地判断作者意图。也就是说一些孩子能过渡到跳读和略章的开头和结尾以及各 读环节。我们必须明确地告诉孩子，跳读和略读的关键是要抓住文 段的关键词和主题句。主题句可能在各段开头也可能出现在结尾。 三、培养语言预测能力所谓语言预测，就是根据词语的搭配习惯以及语法知识（词法和句法），凭借上文， 猜测出下文可能出现的内容，达到“未睹先知”的目的。例如，利用词法的搭配习惯，在时，我们就能猜到下文要出现一个交通工具的单词；利用句法知

5、读到I go to school by . 时，我们就可以预知下文会出现一个动名词，这样就有助识，在我们读到Thank you for . He 于我们在整体理解全句。熟悉和体验词语的搭配关系也是预测能力的体现。例如读到Little Water Drop goes likes listening . 时，就知道下面一定跟一个介词to的结构；读到 时也会知道下面要跟的肯定是一个比较级的形式。higher and . 眼未到心先知，眼再到时得到证实一闪而过就行了，这样读起来，自然就会快多了。 四、避免翻译在开始的时候，逐句翻译成中文来心译理解是难以避免的一个现象。但如果总要依赖 翻译，养成习惯了，

6、势必影响到阅读速度。当然用英文直接思维，这不是一下子就可以完这个单词，我们在文章中见到它时，并apple全做到的，但可以循序渐进，例如我们学了She was 不是按照英语中文实物去理解，而是可以直接由英语到实物。再如读到时，我们就可以直接体会到“一个女孩子手中拿着线，天上风筝飘呀飘呀”的flying a kite.画面，避免了译成中文“她正在放风筝”后，再到画面的中间环节，那么就节省了时间。英语的阅读理解中，孩子往往会或多或少地遇到各种各样的生词，这是影响孩子阅读速在 坎，使溪流度的最大障碍了。若把阅读过程比作一条奔流的小溪，那么生词便是顽石、沟 不断回漩激起浪花；冲过去便渐入佳境，冲不过去便

7、成为一潭死水。跨越生词障碍可以通典，的确很难猜出一个词过猜测词义来解决。猜测词义的方法有很多，有的时候不靠查字 的真正意义，其实这时只要孩子能看出它的词性、在句中的作用，不影响阅读就足够了。Her friend 38页第5题Read and answer中有这样的句子：PEP例如：教材六上活动手册第很明Judy likes playing the violin. But Sally doesnt play any instruments. She doesnt like music.下文violin显，instruments没学过，是生词，但并不影响学生的阅读，学生通过上文中的，能明白。这正如

8、我们小的时候在看长篇小说或大部头的书时，碰到不认识的music中的字词，并不是用查字典的办法去弄清楚它的读音和意思，而是仅仅揣摩一下它的含义，不 求甚解。生词问题解决了，就为以后的阅读铺平了道路。 阅读理解猜词六技巧介绍如下： 通过因果关系猜词1.通过因果关系猜词，首先是找出生词与上下文之间的逻辑关系，然后才能猜词。有时 等of courseas a result，thereforethusfor，as，since，so，(文章借助关联词如because 表示前因后果。例如：等)引出的句子所表示for，for it wasn his fault.通过You shouldn have blame

9、d him for that 。责备blame的原因(那不是他的错)，可猜出的词义是 通过同义词和反义词的关系猜词2.，即使我连接的同义词词组，如happy and gay或 通过同义词猜词，一是要看由andor二是看在进一步解释的过程中使用的同;这个词，也可以知道它是愉快的意思们不认识gayand Jupiter with the help Mars，义词，如Man has known something about the planets Venus，均为生词，但只要知道Jupiter(木星)、此句中的of spaceships.Venus(金星)Mars(火星)这一义域。通过反义词猜词，

10、一是看表转折关系的行星planets就可猜出这几个词都属于搭配的或表示否定意义的词语，如：;while连词或副词，如but，however等二是看与not我们不难推测He is so homely，not at all as handsome as his brother.根据not at all.handsome 的意思，即不英俊、不漂亮的意思。出homely 通过构词法猜词3.在阅读文章时，我们总会遇上一些新词汇，有时很难根据上下文来推断其词意，而它 们对文章的理解又有着举足轻重的作用，此时，如掌握了一些常用的词根、前缀、后缀等 语法知识，这些问题便不难解决了。 通过定义或释义关系来推测词

11、义4.or ，long time. Then there is a dry period，But sometimes 例如：，no rain falls for a long drought.所在句子的上文我们得知很久不下雨，于是便有一段干旱的时期，即从drought 是同义语。这drought。而a dry period和，久旱旱灾drought，由此可见drought意思为 或破折号等来表示。in other words，be calledis，or，that is，种同义或释义关系常由 通过句法功能来推测词义5.coconuts and some other kind of fruit

12、grow in 例如：Bananas，oranges，pineapples，是生词，我们可以从这两个词在句中所处的位置来pineappleswarm areas.假如和coconuts是同类关oranges判断它们大致的意思。从句中不难看出pineapples，coconuts和bananas， 类，因此它们是两样水果，准确地说，是菠萝和椰子。fruit系，同属 通过描述猜词6.描述即作者为帮助读者更深更感性地了解某人或某物而对该人或该物作出的外在相貌 The penguin is a kind of sea bird living in the South Pole. It is fat 或

13、内在特征的描写。例如：从it can swim in the icy water to catch the fish.and walks in a funny way. Although it cannot fly，是一种生活在南极的鸟类。后面更详尽地描述了该鸟类的例句的描述中可以得知penguin 生活习性。 二、阅读理解 阅读理解读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否一致2Chairman Mao was a very famous and important person in Chinese history. He gave Chinese people new life. We can

14、live in China better and better. He was a kind man and he cared about every one of Chinese people and their lives. Chinese people were very poor and hungry in old China before 1949. Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found(建立) new China. Finally, all of the Chinese people work for a better life toge

15、ther. We love Chairman Mao. Chairman Mao is the father of new China. Chairman Mao was a great man in Chinese history. ）（1 Chinese people were very poor in old China after1949. 2（） Chairman Mao cared about every one of Chinese people. 3）（ Chairman Mao led Chinese people to found new China. 4）（ Chairm

16、an Mao is the father of new China. 5）（ 1） （1【答案】 0）（2 13（） 14）（ 1 ）（5 阅读理解【考点】 【分析】大意：短文讲述了中国历史上一位非常著名和重要的人物毛主席。【解析】and famous very a was Mao Chairman ）句意：毛主席是中国历史上的伟人。根据1（ 可知毛主席是中国历史上的伟人，故答案为正确。important person in Chinese history. （2）句意：1949年以后，中国人在旧中国很穷。根据 Chinese people were very poor and hungry

17、in old China before 1949. 可知1949年以前，中国人在旧中国非常贫穷和饥饿，故答 案为错误。 （3）句意：毛主席关心每一个中国人。根据 He was a kind man and he cared about every 可知毛主席关心每一个中国人，故答案为正确。one of Chinese people and their lives. （4）句意：毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国。根据 Chairman Mao led Chinese people to 可知毛主席带领中国人民建立了新中国，故答案为正确。found new China. （5）句意：毛主席是新中国之

18、父。根据 Chairman Mao is the father of new China. 可知毛主 席是新中国之父，故答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 阅读理解阅读短文，判断下列句子与短文内容是否相符3 Bill Gates is the most important man in the software and computer business. He was born on October 28th. 1955. He grew up in Seattle in the United States. His father.

19、William, was a lawyer. His mother, Mary, was .a teacher. Bill Gates became interested in software and began writing programs at the age of 13. In 1973, Bill Gates went to Harvard University. In the same year, he developed a programming language called BASIC for the first personal computer. In 1975,

20、he began his company Microsoft with his friend Paul Allen Microsoft developed a lot of new programs. These programs made computer easier to use. His company has now become the leader in the software industry all over the world. Bill Gates has also become famous all over the world. Bill Gates is the

21、most important man in the software and computer business. ）（1 Bill Gates was born on October 28th, 1955. ）（2 Bill Gatess mother was a lawyer. ）（3 In 1973, Bill Gates went to Harvard University. ）（4 The programs made the computer easier to use. ）（5 Bill Gates has also become famous all over the world

22、. 6）（ 11）【答案】 （ 12）（ 0）（3 1）（4 1）（5 1 6）（ 【考点】阅读理解 【分析】大意：短文讲述了比尔盖茨。【解析】 （1）句意：比尔盖茨是软件和计算机行业最重要的人。根据 Bill Gates is the most important man in the software and computer business. 可知比尔盖茨是软件和计算机行业最 重要的人，故答案为正确。 （2）句意：比尔盖茨1955年10月28日出生。根据 He was born on October 28th. 1955. 日出生，故答案为正确。28年10月可知比尔盖茨1955 （3）

23、句意：比尔盖茨的母亲是一名律师。根据 His mother, Mary, was .a teacher. 可知比 盖茨的母亲玛丽是一名教师，故答案为错误。尔 （4）句意：1973年，比尔盖茨去了哈佛大学。根据 In 1973, Bill Gates went to Harvard 盖茨去了哈佛大学，故答案为正确。1973年，比尔University. 可知 （5）句意：程序使计算机更容易使用。根据 These programs made computer easier to use. 可知程序使计算机更容易使用，故答案为正确。 （6）句意：比尔盖茨也在世界各地声名鹊起。根据 Bill Gate

24、s has also become famous all 盖茨也在世界各地声名鹊起，故答案为正确。可知比尔over the world. 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 阅读理解阅读理解4 What do you like eating for dinner? Do you like meat? Do you like vegetables? Do you like fruit or dessert（甜点）after dinner? We ask 55 students these questions. They are from a schoo

25、l .（结果），Xiamen. Here are the resultsin There are boys answering the questions. 1）（ C. 25B. 30 A. 55 All the students cat for dinner. ）（2 A. meat B. vegelables C. fruit Who likes dessert more? （3） A. Boys. B. Girls. C. Teachers. How many boys like eating fruit? 4）（ C. Fifteen.A. Five. B. Ten. Which o

26、ne is TRCE? ）（5 A. All the girls like fruit and dessert very much. B. Most boys love vegetables and fruit. C. The boys have the same eating habits as the girls. B） 【答案】（1 A2）（ B）3（ C）（4 A ）（5 阅读理解【考点】【解析】【分析】大意：短文和表格是，来自厦门的一所学校55名学生对的晚餐的肉，蔬 菜，水果和饭后甜点的调查结果。 B.个男生回答问题，故答案为）句意：有男生回答问题。根据表格可知有30 （1 A.）句

27、意：所有学生都在吃饭。根据表格可知所有学生都在吃饭，故答案为（2 B.）句意：谁更喜欢甜点？根据表格可知女孩更喜欢甜点，故答案为（3 C.个男孩喜欢吃水果，故答案为）句意：有多少男孩喜欢吃水果？根据表格可知15 （4 （5）句意：哪一个是正确的？根据表格可知所有的女孩都非常喜欢肉，水果和甜点，故 A.答案为 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，首先通读短文，理解大意；其次阅读题干，根据题干信息 找出相关句进行选择。 阅读理解根据短文内容判断正误。5 I get up at six thirty in the morning. Then I wash my face and brush my teeth

28、. I go to school at seven thirty. I go to school by bus. Classes begin at eight. We have six lessons every day. We have four lessons in the morning and two in the afternoon. Classes are over at four thirty. After school, we clean our classroom. Then we go home. I get home at five. We have dinner at

29、six thirty. After dinner, I do my homework. I go to bed at nine or ten. I go to school by bus. 1）（ We have seven lessons every day. 2）（ After school, we play games. ）（3 We have dinner at 5:30. ）（4 I go to bed at nine or ten. ）（5 1）（1【答案】 0）（2 0）（3 04）（ 1 5）（ 【考点】阅读理解 【分析】大意：短文讲述了我一天是日常生活。【解析】 （1）句意：

30、我乘公共汽车上学。根据 I go to school by bus. 可知我乘公共汽车上学，故答 案为正确。 （2）句意：我们每天有七节课。根据 We have six lessons every day. 可知我们每天有六节 课，故答案为错误。 （3）句意：放学后，我们玩游戏。根据 After school, we clean our classroom. Then we go 可知放学后我们打扫教室，然后回家，故答案为错误。home. （4）句意：我们5:30吃饭。根据 We have dinner at six thirty. 可知我们6:30吃饭，故答案 为错误。 （5）句意：我九点或

31、十点睡觉。根据 I go to bed at nine or ten. 可知我九点或十点睡觉，故 答案为正确。 【点评】本题考查了阅读理解，先翻译短文，然后根据短文内容，判断句子正确或错误。 阅读理解阅读理解6 One day, a monkey was looking for food. He came to a fence. There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence. He tried to get inside. But he failed. At last, he found a hole in the fence. But th

32、e hole was too small for him to go through. What should I do? the monkey thought. He wandered around the fence. Day after day, the monkey became thinner and thinner. At last, he could get through the fence. He ate a lot of peaches. He became fatter and fatter. He wanted to go outside, but the hole w

33、as too small for him. He couldnt eat anymore! He waited and waited. Eventually, he became thin enough to go out. The monkey wanted to find some _. ）（1 C. foodB. foot A. drink There were a lot of _ inside the fence. ）（2 C. orangesA. apples B. peaches The monkey went through the fence from _. 3）（ C. a

34、 riverA. small hole B. a road Did the monkey eat the peaches? 4）（ A. Yes, he did. B. No, he didnt. C. We dont know. How did he go out the fence? 5）（ C. He became thin enough.A. He jumped out. B. By bike. C） （1【答案】 B）（2 A）（3 A）（4 C ）（5 阅读理解【考点】 【分析】这是一篇猴子偷桃的寓言故事。【解析】 （1）根据短文叙述 One day, a monkey was l

35、ooking for food. “一天，一只猴子正在寻找 。C可知想要找的食物。C选项正确。故答案为：食物。” （2）根据短文叙述 There were a lot of big peaches inside the fence. （在围栏内有许多 。选项正确。故答案为：B大桃子。）可知是桃子。B （3）根据短文叙述 At last, he found a hole in the fence. （最后，他发现了围栏上有个 。选项正确。故答案为：A洞。）可知从洞里进入的。AA（他吃了很多桃子。）可知用肯定回答。 He ate a lot of peaches. ）根据短文叙述4（ 。A选项正确

36、。故答案为： （5）根据短文叙述 Eventually, he became thin enough to go out. （最终，他变得足够瘦 。C选项正确。故答案为：C能够出来。）可知是变瘦。【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。首先仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文的相关叙述，来选 择正确的答案。 阅读理解阅读理解7 Im Larry. I was born on August 12, 1994. I go to Park Avenue School. Im in Grade 6. I have a pet. She is smart and cute. My favourite season is

37、summer. In summer, I can wear a T-shirt and shorts. I was very excited to win a prize for playing the violin. My parents were proud of me. When I am older, I want to be a computer programmer or an English teacher. What grade is Larry in? ）（1 What is Larrys pet like? ）（2 Why is summer Larrys favourit

38、e season? 3）（ Why was Larry excited? 4）（ Whats Larrys dream? 5）（ Larry is in Grade 6.1）【答案】 （ She is smart and cute.2）（ Because he can wear a T-shirt and shorts.3）（ Because he won a prize for playing the violin.）（4 He wants to be a computer programmer or an English teacher. ）（5 阅读理解【考点】 的一篇短文。【分析】这是

39、介绍Larry【解析】 （1）根据短文叙述 Im in Grade 6. （我在6年级。）可知是六年级。故答案为： Larry is in Grade 6. （2）根据短文叙述 She is smart and cute. 可知宠物又聪明又可爱。故答案为： She is smart and cute. （3）根据短文叙述 In summer, I can wear a T-shirt and shorts. 可知是因为可以穿短裤和T Because he can wear a T-shirt and shorts.恤。故答案为： （4）根据短文叙述 I was very excited to

40、win a prize for playing the violin. 可知是因为赢得了 Because he won a prize for playing the violin.小提琴大奖。故答案为： ）根据短文叙述5（ When I am older, I want to be a computer programmer or an English teacher. 可知他的梦想是成为电脑程序员或英语老师。故答案为： He wants to be a computer programmer or an English teacher. 【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目。仔细阅读短文，注意短

41、文的细节叙述，然后根据短文 叙述来回答问题。 阅读理解根据短文内容，判断正误。8 There are forty-two students in our class. Jack and Mike come from America. They are our good friends. They like watching TV, but they dont like playing basketball. They often go to school by bike. There is an English girl in our class. Her name is Lucy. She

42、likes playing basketball and she also likes swimming. She usually does her homework in the evening. She often watches TV on Saturday afternoons. She is my good friends. All of the Chinese students are Young Pioneers. Jack and Mike are Young Pioneers. ）（1 There are two American girls and one English

43、boy in our class. ）（2 Jack and Mike are our good friends. ）（3 Jack and Mike like playing basketball. ）（4 Lucy often does her homework on Saturday afternoons. 5）（ 01）【答案】 （ 02）（ 13）（ 04）（ 0 5）（ 阅读理解【考点】 【分析】文章大意：介绍我班学生的事情。【解析】 （1）句意：杰克和迈克是少先队员。根据All of the Chinese students are Young Pioneers.可 知所有中国学

44、生都是少先队员，杰克和迈克不是中国学生。故答案为：错误。 （2）句意：我们班里有两个美国女孩和一个英国男孩。根据Jack and Mike come from America.和There is an English girl in our class.可知我们班里有两个美国男孩和一个英国女 孩。故答案为：错误。 （3）句意：杰克和迈克是我们的好朋友。根据They are our good friends.可知他们是我们 的好朋友。故答案为：正确。 （4）句意：杰克和迈克喜欢打篮球。根据They like watching TV, but they dont like playing 可知他们喜欢看电视但是不喜欢打篮球。故答案为：错误。basketball. （5）句意：在星期六下午露西做作业。根据She often