脉冲按键电话按键显示器设计报告

1、课程设计成果说明书题 目： 脉冲按键电话按键显示器 学生姓名： 王诚鹏 学 号： 090402119 学 院： 机电工程学院 班 级： a09电气1班 指导教师： 聂振宇 浙江海洋学院教务处2011年 6 月 12 日浙江海洋学院课程设计成绩评定表20 20 学年 第 学期学院 班级 专业 学生姓名(学 号) 课程设计名 称题 目指导教师评语指导教师签名： 年 月 日答辩评语及成绩答辩小组教师签名： 年 月 日 浙江海洋学院课程设计任务书2010 2011 学年 第 2 学期学院 机电工程学院 班级 a09电气（1）、（2） 专业 电气 学生姓名(学号)课程名称数字电子技术课程设计设计题目脉冲

2、按键电话按键显示器完成期限自 2010年 6 月 30 日至 2010 年 7 月 6 日 共 1 周设计依据电话是人们日常生活中通话的工具，现设计具有12位显示的电话按键显示器。设计要求及主要内容1、能准确反映按键数字，例如按下“5”，则显示器显示5。2、显示器显示从地位向高位移位，逐位显示按键数字，最低位为当前输入位。3、重按键时，能首先清除显示；4、在挂机2min后或按熄灭按键，熄灭显示器显示。参考资料1、彭介华主编 电子技术课程设计指导第一版 北京：高等教育出版社，1997。2、郁汉琪编 数字电子技术实验及课题设计。北京：高等教育出版社，1995。指导教师签字日期摘要：本次课程设计的目

3、的是为了巩固我们对数字电子技术课程所学过的内容，能够运用课程中所掌握的数字电路的分析和设计方法解决实际问题，培养分析问题，解决问题的能力。我们在设计此课题中要求设计一个具有12位显示的电话按键显示器。能准确显示按键数字，并且数字依次从右向左移动显示，最低位为当前输入位。同时设置清除键，能使显示器立即清除当前的显示。最后要设计一个震荡器，使其产生1hz的脉冲，来做定时电路。在挂机2min后或者按熄灭按键，能达到熄灭显示器显示的功能。在这个设计中，我们用到了编码器，移位寄存器，译码显示器等芯片及元器件。对于它们的工作特性，会有进一步的理解。关键词：脉冲，移位，显示器目 录一 路设计总体思路二 元电

4、路的设计三 原理图的设计四 总结心得体会五参考文献一 电路设计总体思路译码显示电路数字键入根据此课程设计任务书的要求，我们将设计一个具有12位的脉冲电话显示器。其最大的功能就是移位显示。所以，移位寄存器和译码显示器将是最主要的元器件。起初，我们困惑于移位寄存器将怎么样对自己输入的数字进行移位。于是我们想到，首先用编码器对我们输入的数字进行编码，然后在进行移位。再将移位后的数据通过译码显示器来实现最后的移位显示。对于它的清除功能和灭灯功能，我们将利用移位寄存器的清零端和译码显示器的灭灯端实现。其中，还要设计定时部分，来达到挂机2min后灭灯的求。 控制电路2移位寄存器器 控制电路1 定时电路脉冲

5、产生电路 电话按键显示器的总体参考方案框图二单元电路的设计电路设计中，用到的芯片有双向移位寄存器74hc194（十二片），10线-4线优先编码器sn74147（一片），七段显示译码器74hc4511（十二片），led显示器（十二片）。电话号码移位设计电路是通过按不同的按键来控制电话号码的拨打情况的。通过一个清除端可以控制（当输入错误号码后，清除当前号码，再重新输入一组新的号码时）电话号码的输入，这样可以自如的输入和更改电话号码。电话号码显示器主要由一片编码器和十二片移位寄存器组成。十进制号码经按键输出后由一片74147编成4位二进制bcd码并行输入到移位寄存器74hc 194，再利用移位寄存器

6、的并行输出功能把左边4位bcd码移向右边同时输出给译码显示器显示出来。其中当移位寄存器的清零端接入低电平时，将清除号码，这里用开关按键来控制。当按下灭灯按键时，译码显示器接入低电平，使其灭灯。挂机后（按下挂机键），使脉冲产生电路产生1hz脉冲，将脉冲通过计数器计数，再结合逻辑电路使整个定时电路在2min后输出低电平。此低电平接入译码显示器的灭灯端时，也能达到灭灯的要求。下图是74147的集成块外线引脚图下图是74147的功能表： 74147是10线4线优先编码器，由上表不难看出，允许i0i9当中同时有几个输入端为低电平，即有编码输入信号。i9优先权最高，i1的优先权最低。当i9=0时，无论其它

7、输入端有无输入信号（表中以x表示），输出端只给出i9的编码，即dcba=0110。当i9=1、i8=0时，无论其余输入端有无信号，只对i8编码，输出dcba=0111。其余的输入状态依次类推。编码后输出要接反相器，然后接入移位寄存器。下图是74hc194集成块外线引脚图： 移位寄存器74hc194，它是4位双向移位寄存器，最高时钟频率为36mhz。它具有并行输入、并行输出，左移和右移的功能。这些功能均能通过模式控制端s0、s1来控制。详见下表：s0s1功能00保持01右移10左移11并行置数在abcd端送入4位二进制数，并使s0=s1=1时，该4位二进制数同时并行输入至寄存器。当cp到来后，在

8、cp上升沿的作用下，4位二进制数并行输出；若s1=0，s0=1时，则该4位二进制数被串行送入到右移数据输入端d，在cp上升沿作用下，同步右移；若s0=1，s1=0，数据同步左移；若s1= s0=0，寄存器保持。下图是74hc194集成块的功能表：时钟脉冲发生器主要由555集成定时器、电阻和电容构成的。首先介绍一下555集成定时器，555集成定时器是模拟功能和数字逻辑功能相结合的一种双极型中规模集成器件。外加电阻、电容可以组成性能稳定而精确的多谐振荡器、单稳态电路、施密特触发器等，应用十分广泛。我们用555集成定时器构成的多谐振荡器来产生脉冲。多谐振荡器的电路图如下：当接通高电平时，从电路的ou

9、t端口输出一定频率的脉冲。其振荡周期与充电放电的时间有关。 充电时间：tph0.7(r1+r2)c 放电时间：tpi0.7(r2*c)振荡周期：t0.7(r1+2*r2)c=1s （r1=42k r2=50k c=0.01uf）产生一定的周期脉冲后，经过二进制计数器进行计数。设计中我们采用1hz周期脉冲，所以当计数120次后，通过上图结合逻辑门电路输出低电平。备注：这是各器件工作电源的产生电路。由220v交流降压，整流，滤波，稳压产生5v直流电源。这是由555定时器组成的单稳态触发器。有它产生上升沿脉冲输入到移位寄存器cp端。（本设计中的电话数字按键也是有防抖动按键构成）四总结心得体会在这为期

10、一个月的课程设计中，使我们对于书上的知识有了进一步的了解。在查找资料的时候，我们觉得好象还是蛮简单的，但在一实际设计中，才发现并没有想象中的简单。我们不光只是掌握课堂上学过的东西，还得学会灵活应用才可以。这次课程设计主要还是让我们活学活用自己的数电知识，使我们更加熟悉了数字电路，对双向移位寄存器74194、10线-4线优先编码器74147、七段显示译码器等有了一定的了解。对于集成电路也有了进一步了解，不比在我们刚拿到设计任务书的时候那种无从下手的感觉，后来经过同学们之间相互交流与学习使自己学到了很多更好的思维方法。对于设计这种课题如何进行分析，如何进行改进，有了比较全面的认识。在此我也衷心地感

11、谢我们的指导老师聂老师，指正了我们的错误，使我们的设计能更快的完成。五 参考文献 电子技术基础数字部分康华光主编 高等教育出版社2006 新型电子电路应用实例精选苏文平主编 北京航空航天大学出版社2000电子技术基础实验与课程设计第二版高吉祥 北京：电子工业出版社，2005 english is the most widely spoken language in the history of our planet, used in some way by at least one out of every seven human beings around the globe. half o

12、f the worlds books are written in english, and the majority of international telephone calls are made in english. english is the language of over sixty percent of the worlds radio programs. more than seventy percent of international mail is written and addressed in english, and eighty percent of all

13、 computer text is stored in english. english has acquired the largest vocabulary of all the worlds languages, perhaps as many as two million words, and has generated one of the noblest bodies of literature in the annals of the human it is now time to face the fact that english is a crazy language -

14、the most lunatic and loopy and of all languages. in the crazy english language, the blackbird hen is brown, blackboards can be green or blue, and blackberries are green and then red before they are ripe. even if blackberries were really black and blueberries really blue, what are strawberries, cranb

15、erries, huckleberries, raspberries, and gooseberries supposed to look add to this insanity there is no butter in buttermilk, no egg in eggplant, no grape in grapefruit, no bread in shortbread, neither worms nor wood in wormwood, neither mush nor room in mushroom, neither pine nor apple in pineapple,

16、 neither peas nor nuts in peanuts, and no ham in a hamburger. (in fact, if somebody invented a sandwich consisting of a ham patty in a bun, we would have a hard time finding a name for it.)to make matters worse, english muffins werent invented in england, fries in france, or danish pastries in denma

17、rk. and we discover even more culinary madness in the that sweetmeat is made from fruit, while sweetbread, which isnt sweet, is made from this unreliable english tongue, greyhounds arent always grey (or gray); panda bears and koala bears arent bears (theyre marsupials); a woodchuck is a groundhog, w

18、hich is not a hog; a horned toad is a lizard; glowworms are fireflies, but fireflies are not flies (theyre beetles); ladybugs and lightning bugs are also beetles (and to, a significant proportion of ladybugs must be male); a guinea pig is neither a pig nor from guinea (its a south american rodent);

19、and a titmouse is neither is like the air we breathe. its invisible, inescapable, indispensable, and we take it for granted. but, when we take the time to step back and listen to the sounds that escape from the holes in peoples faces and to ex- the paradoxes and vagaries of english, we find that hot

20、 dogs can be cold, darkrooms can be lit, homework can be done in school, nightmares can take place in broad daylight while morning sickness and daydreaming can take place at night, tomboys are girls and midwives can be men, hours - especially happy hours and rush hours - often last longer than sixty

21、 minutes, quick- sand works very slowly, boxing rings are square, silverware and glasses can be made of plastic and tablecloths of paper, most are dialed by being punched (or pushed?), and most bathrooms dont have any baths in them. in fact, a dog can go to the bathroom under a tree - no bath, no ro

22、om; its still going to the bathroom. and doesnt it seem a little bizarre that we go to the bathroom in order to go to the is it that a woman can man a station but as man cant woman one, that a man can father a movement but a woman cant mother one, and that a king rules a kingdom but a queen doesnt r

23、ule a? how did all those renaissance men reproduce when there dont seem to have been any renaissance writer is someone who writes, and a stinger is something that stings. but fingers dont grocers dont, haberdashers dont, hammers dont ham, and humdingers dont the plural of tooth is teeth , shouldnt t

24、he plural of booth be ? one goose, two geese - so one moose, two one index, two indices - one kleenex, two if people ring a bell today and rang a bell yesterday, why dont we say that they a ball? if they wrote a letter, perhaps they also their tongue. if the teacher taught, why isnt it also true tha

25、t the preacher? why is it that the sun shone yesterday while i shined my shoes, that i treaded water and then trod on the beach, and that i flew out to see a world series game in which my favorite player flied we conceive a conception and receive at a reception, why dont we grieve a and believe a? i

26、f a horsehair mat is made from the hair of horses and a camels hair brush from the hair of camels, from what is a mohair coat made? if adults commit adultery, do infants commit infantry? if olive oil is made from olives, what do they make baby oil from? if a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a h

27、umanitarian eat? (and im beginning to worry about those authoritarians.)and if pro and con are opposites, is congress the opposite of you have to believe that all english speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane. in what other language do people drive in a parkway and park i

28、n a driveway? in what other language do people recite at a play and play at a recital? in what other language do privates eat in the general mess and generals eat in the private mess? in what other language do people ship by truck and send cargo by ship? in what other language can your nose run and

29、your feet can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same and a bad licking and a good licking be the same, while a wise man and a wise guy are opposites? how can sharp speech and blunt speech be the same and quite a lot and quite a few the same, while overlook and oversee are opposites? how can the

30、weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell the next? how can the expressions whats going on? and whats coming off? mean exactly the samton and unbutton and tie and untie are opposites, why are loosen and unloosen and ravel and unravel he same? if bad is the opposite of good, hard the opposite o

31、f soft, and up the opposite of down, why are badly and goodly, hardly and softy, and upright and downright not opposing pairs? if harmless actions are the opposite of harmful why are shameful and shameless behavior the same and pricey objects less expensive than priceless appropriate and inappropria

32、te remarks and passable and impassable mountain trails are opposites, why are flammable and inflammable materials, heritable and inheritable property, and passive and impassive people the same and valuable objects less treasured than invaluable ones? if uplift is the same as lift up, why are upset and set up opposite in meaning? why are pertinent and impertinent,