中考英语语法考点总结——介词

1、中考英语语法总结介词知识清单1、 时间介词介词用法举例at表示具体的时间点或用于固定搭配中at seven oclock, at noon, at nighton表示具体某一天或者某一天的上午、下午或者晚上on Childrens Day, on a warm spring afternoonon June 1st in表示一段时间，用于年、月、世纪、四季或泛指的上午、下午或者晚上；还可以表示“从现在起多久以后”in the twenty-first century, in autumnin the morningin two daysafter表示以现在或者过去为起点的一段时间之后They

2、finished the work after two years.Ill ring you up after two oclock.before在之前Please bring your homework before ten oclock.until用在肯定句中，表示“直到”；用于否定句中，表示“直到才”I didnt go to bed until 10 oclock.I waited for my mother until 10 oclock.during表示“在期间”He lives with us during these years.by表示“到以前为止”与完成时连用by now=

3、so far=until nowsince表示从过去某时一直延续到现在He has studied English since 2000.from说明开始的时间From now on, I will learn English in the morning.for指动作贯穿整个过程，后接时间段I have studied English for six years.2、 地点介词1、 at和in介词用法举例at表示较小的地点at the bus stop; at homein表示较大的地点in China; in the world2、 on, over和above介词用法举例on指在上面，表

4、示两个物体接触There is a plate on the table.over指在的正上方，表示垂直在上There is a bridge over the river.above指位置高于，表示在斜上方Raise your arms above your head.3、 表示方位的in, on和to介词用法举例in表示在某一地区内的某方位（属于该范围）Fujian is in the southeast of China.on表示与某地的毗邻关系Taiwan lies to the east of Fujianto表示在某一区域之外的某方位（不属于该范围）Mongolia is on t

5、he north of China.4、 in front of, in the front of和before介词用法举例in front of在之前（范围外）There are trees in front of the room.in the front of在的前部（范围内）There is a desk in the front of the room.before表示“在之前”与in front of相同He sits before me.3、 介词及介词短语辨析1、 in和on表示“在上”的区别。介词及短语用法举例inin the tree表示人或者其它东西在树上Look! So

6、me birds are singing in the tree.in the wall表示门、窗等嵌在墙上There are three two windows in the wall.onon the tree表示果实长在树上She tried to reach the apples on the tree.on the wall表示东西张贴或者挂在墙上The teacher put up the map on the wall.2、 between和among的区别介词用法举例between两者之间；三者或者以上事物分别看待，指每两者之间between you and mebetween

7、 mealsamong表示在三者或者以上之间among the students3、 across和through，over和past的区别介词用法举例across从表面穿过，横穿马路、河、海等He can swim across the river.through从空间内部穿过He went through the crowd to get to his son.over 在空间范围上越过、超过The plane flew over the mountains.past从旁边经过They walked past a hospital.4、 for, to和towards的区别介词用法举例fo

8、r常用在leave，start后，表示运动的方向和目的They will leave for Beijing.to常用在go, come, move之后，表示方向或到达某地The family moved to Fuji.towards “朝、向”，只说明运动方向，没有“到达”之意。He walked towards us.5、 after和behind的区别介词用法举例after表示时间或者位置之后They returned after five oclock. The dog ran after him.behind只表示位置之后The children hid behind the do

9、or.6、 with, by和in表示“用”时的区别介词用法举例with表示使用具体的工具with a knifeby表示“用手段或者方式”，后接交通工具名词或者动名词by bus; by shoutingin表示使用某种语言in English7、 except, besides和but的区别介词用法举例except表示“除之外”，指从整体中排除except所指的人或物All the students went to the zoo except Jim.besides表示“除之外（还有）”，意思是在原来的基础上加上besides除外的人或物I have a few good friends

10、 besides you.but表示“除之外”，常与表示否定意义的词连用We can do nothing but wait.8、 at和to表示行为对象时的区别介词用法举例at同某些动词连用，表示攻击的目标，含有恶意Dont laugh at others. Its impolite.to只表示方向，没有恶意She came to me and shook my hand.9、 by, in和on表示旅行方式的区别介词用法举例by交通工具名词前不用冠词by air; by shipin用于封闭型交通工具名词前in a caron用于开放或者半开放交通工具名词前on my bike10、 in

11、和after的区别介词用法举例in表示以此刻为起点将来的一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用Ill be back in an hour.after表示过去一个时间点之后的一段时间After two days, he left.11、 be used to, be used as和be used for的区别介词短语用法举例be used to意为“习惯（做）某事”，后接名词或动名词The old man isnt used to the city life.be used as被当作来使用The room is used as a meeting room.be used for意义相当于be u

12、sed to do，但for后接动名词形式Clothes are used for keeping us warm.12、 be made of, be made from, be made in, be made by, be made into和be made up of的区别介词短语用法举例be made of由制成，看得出原材料Many items in daily life are made of plastic.be made from由制成，看不出原材料Wine is made from grapes.be made in在某地制造The car is made in Japan

13、.be made by被制造The cake was made by my mother.be made into被制成Milk can be made into butter and cheese.be made up of由组成The team is made up of eleven players.难点突破1、 介词to与不定式符号to的区别to既是介词，又是动词不定式符号。是动词不定式符号时，后面跟动词原形；是介词时，后面跟名词、代词或者动名词。下列词组中的to都是介词，在使用时应特别注意，如果它们后面跟的是动词，则用动名词形式。look forward to 盼望；pay atte

14、ntion to注意；get used to习惯于；make a contribution to为作贡献解题秘诀掌握每个介词的常见用法，尤其是那些有多个意义的介词，比较易混介词的用法区别，结合具体语境进行辨析。易错题型1. It was really helpful him to take the cat to the animal center a rainy night.A. of; onB. of; atC. for; onD. for; at2. - I d like a cup of black coffee. What about you, Maggie?- I prefer co

15、ffee _ sugar.A. than B. for C. with D. to3. The castle stands in a quiet place the main road at the far end of the river.A.to B.for C.offD.out4. In cold winter, the temperature in Harbin often remains zero all day. A. aboveB. belowC. overD. under5. The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything

16、in the room looks so nice.A. over B. across C. through D. past6. Ma Yun, the Chairperson of Alibaba Group, has made much money the Internet.A. through B. along C. across D. towards7. -If someone is_ your way, what will you do? -I will wait until he or she moves instead of pushing past.A. in B. on C. by D. along8. Your glov