2019年北京市东城区高三英语一模试卷

1、北京市东城区2018 20佃学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）2019.4本试卷共10页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题 卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分,共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATOnS Of WaSte is being Ieft On MOunt QOmOIa ngma by a 1 (grow) nu mber Of visitors, WhiC

2、h bothers many people. A team will deal With the task 2 the climbing SeaSon ends this May, by WhiCh time there will be fewer visitors. Garbage3 (collect) On Qomola ngma requires two to three years of trai ning, accord ing to Cering Dan dar, a mountain eer and guide.BFood is one of the most basic and

3、 importa nt daily n eeds. It gives US the Stre ngth and en ergy We n eed 4 (WOrk) and play. Food also plays a role in our social in teractio ns. Whether We5 (CeIebrate) importa nt OCCaSi ons or just relaxi ng Withfriends, eating is an important social pastime. It is also an important Part of our cul

4、ture. 6 a PartiCUIar people like to eat Can tell US a lot 7 a COUntry S geography, history and traditi ons.CGoing to museums has become a trendy thi ng to do duri ng the holidays in China. A popular ChOiCe this SPring FeStiVaI WaS the PaIaCe Museum, _8_a SPeCiaI exhibition WaS Staged to PrOVide a Vi

5、rtUaI royal experience for visitors. The entire museum9_ (decorate) With newly-restored ancient royal Ianterns and SPringcouplets, including a Set of the Chinese CharaCter _ 1“ Fu(Write) by five Qing Dyn asty emperors.第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。DUr

6、ing my SeC ond year in high school, I got SiCk and missed a few days. Whe n I11_, I WaS greeted With two essays due, three days of math and history homework, plus SeVeraI tests. . 12_ I Went home from school that day exhausted, I had to Stay UP really late to finish them all.The next day at school,

7、I got a rude awakening: I d totally forgotten to PrePare for the 13 On Romeo and JuIiet,which I d take14 my IunCh hour! Worse still, I had 15 the in-class discussi on and all the no tes. When IUnCh came, I Went to the English room to face my Certain doom（厄运）.All I could do WaS try to _16 on the ques

8、tions I didn t know.AS it turned out, I didn t know the majority of th眄UeWaS just about togive 17Whe n my PenCil accide ntally fell and broke. Standing by the blackboardSharPening my Pencil, I 18 down and there in full VieW lay the anSWer Sheet for the test! What good fortun e! I Can kiss good-bye t

9、o all my 19 of faili ng the test! My heart Started beating, and my brain20, Yes! Read over theanswersquickly! ThiS WaS quickly followed by another voice, No! You ll get caught! My mind turning back and forth, Yes! No! Yes! No!ThiS Went on for ten of the 21_ SeConds in my entire life.Finally, I decid

10、ed to finish the test on my own, WithOUt 22! I WaS SatiSfiedWith my decisi on but Pretty 23 I had failed the test.The n ext day Whe n I WaIked in to the En glish room, my great joy of hav ing bee n an 24 soul Changed into a WaVe of doom as I SaW my test PaPer Iying face down on my desk. I knew What

11、awaited me. I Stared at it a few SeConds before I got UP the 25_ to turn it over.You Can only imag ine my 26Whe n I Iear ned that I had PaSSedthe test! Ihave never in my whole life been so happy to See my 27, a C-.My mom SayS the ViCtOrieS that 28 the most COUrage are won With in. Now I know 29 What

12、 She means. Now not only can my con SCie nce良心）rest easy, but I don h ave to worry about getting CaUght and meeting a Sad 30 like Romeo and JUIiet.11.A. arrivedB.returnedC. appearedD.fini Shed12.A. IfB.BeCaUSeC. U ntilD. Although13.A. IeCtUreB.essayC. playD.test14.A. byB.uponC. overD.toward15.A. mis

13、sedB.CarriedC. lostD. dropped16.A.dependB.agreeC. guessD.improve17.A. inB.offC. outD.away18.A. wroteB.SettIedC. CaImedD.looked19.A. boredomB.WOrrieSC. Ion eli nessD.tired ness20. A. WhiSPeredB.WarnedC. PerSUadedD.Cha nted21.A. coldestB.SaddeStC. Ion gestD.fastest22.A. SUfferi ngB. CheCk ingC. Cheati

14、 ngD. thi nki ng23.A. Certa inB. regretfulC. annoyedD.relieved24.A.openB.hon estC. OPtimiStiCD. en ergetic25.A. WiSdOmB.en COUrageme ntC. inten ti onD.n erve26.A. an XietyB.shockC. fearD.appreciati on27. A. PaPerB. CreditC. rateD. grade28. A. takeB. PUtC. findD. gai n29. A. graduallyB. exactlyC. Wil

15、li nglyD. Seem in gly30. A. filmB. factC. endingD. Iove第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项， 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe PefeCt Sleep Chair is desig ned to be the most comfortable recli ner chair. Whether you are Sitting upright, relaxing in your favorite TV VieWing POSitio

16、n, or Iyin g completely flat for sleep in g, it S like being on a cloud. A cloud that has builtheat and massage Settings to match your own PerSonal comfort level. It even has a battery backup in CaSe of a power cut.With PerfeCt Sleep Chair, there a PerfeCt POSiti on for everybody, eve n those that P

17、refer to lie flat but Want the additional SUPPOrt that most mattresses（垫子）don t provide. At the touch of a butt on, the PerfeCt Sleep Chair gen tly lifts you to an almost Sta nding POSiti on so you Can get back on your feet With ease.Some OWnerS USe this feature daily, while OtherS USe it When recov

18、ering from an illness.Time and time again, our CUStOmerS tell US they are tired of having to replace their recli ners due to quality issues. We hear you! That is Why the PerfeCt Sleep Chair is handmade in the USA USing quality hardWOods and only the highest quality UPhOISter垫衬物）.EaCh Chair is carefu

19、lly Crafted by WOrkerS and not just a bunch of robots. EVery Chair StrUCtUre is guara nteed for life and the electr onic comp OnentS are generously Warranted for three years. SimPIy put, it S the highest quality Chair on themarket but it doesn t end there When you PUrChaSe the PerfeCt Sleep Chair, y

20、ou ll get your ChOiCe of cloth and colors! You ll also receive White Glove DeIiVeryPrOfeSSi on als Will Carry the Chair to the exact spot in your home Where you Want it, UnPaCk it, inSPeCt it, test it, POSition it, and eve n take the PaCkag ing aWay!To en SUre that your PrOdUCt and PUrChaSe PrOCeSSi

21、S of the highest quality, our CUStOmer SerViCe team is here to anSWer any question, five days a Week, from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. PIeaSe call US at 800-958-8324.31. ACCOrd ing to the advertiseme nt, PerfeCt Sleep ChairA. helps detect ill nessesB. SuPPOrtS VariOuS body POSiti OnSC. COmeS With an additi Ona

22、l mattressD. adjusts its temperature accord in gly32. What is the key feature of PerfeCt Sleep Chair in troduced in ParagraPh 3?A. It is safe.B. It is lasti ng.C. It is portable.D. It is comfortable.33. What SerViCe Can CUStOmerS receive?A. Home delivery.B. Free replaceme nt.C. A 24-hour hotli ne.D.

23、 A mon ey-back guara ntee.BIn the short time SteVe and ZaCh had bee n in Side their tent PaCk ing their tools, Wind-blown flame had SkiPPed from the top of one tree to another. The long dry SUmmer had tur ned the forest into a tin derbox.“ Let S go! We Canke it back to the river We CrOSSed today!” S

24、teVe kept Bradyon the lead and their heads down against the fire-wind. BUt Brady barked a SharP warning. Ahead of them lay a thick CUrta in of smoke across the track. They would never make it through that. The dog WaS pulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke, and yet SteVe WaS Une

25、asy. It Seemed to him that they Were moving away from the river.SUddenly, ZaCh cried. “Zach! SteVe shouted. “ AreyOU OK? Where are you?” Then Brady pulled SteVe dow n a SharP slope （坡）. At its base, ZaCh WaS rubb ing his an kle.AS SteVe helped his frie nd to his feet, Brady Iifted his head and snuff

26、ed （嗅）the SmOke-Iade n wind. NeXt mome nt, the dog boun ded away and disappeared. The boys ShOUted for him, but he didn t come back. SteVe couldn t blame Brady for PaniCking.He himself Wanted to run even though he didnt have a clue WhiCh way.SteVe and ZaCh hadn t gone far When there WaS a familiar b

27、ark, and Brady Came bounding, StOPPed directly in front of SteVe and hit him With his head, PUShing him back toward the slope they jUst climbed. BUt SteVe didn get it. Then Brady grabbed the boy SeanS and Started pulling. The message WaS clear, but SteVe hesitated. Of COUrSe he remembered Brady SaV

28、ing his UnClehesdOfe WalKn tmuch youn ger. WaS he still SharP eno Ugh to get them through this?Nearby, a PineWent UP in a whoosh of smoke. Brady pulled aga in, Urge ntly. big guy, ” SteVe grit（咬紧牙关）.Brady led them back down the slope and into the trees. Not far from them fire WaS touching Underbrush

29、. SeVeraI times the big dog stopped. Often he Cha nged direct ions. SteVe WaS so tired that he just Wan ted to rest, but Brady wouldn have it. The dog bullied both boys to go on. How long they d WaIked SteVe had no idea. He WaS almost numb Whe n he heard it the won derful sound of rush ing water!34.

30、 What happened to Steve and Zach at first?A. They got injured. B. They lost their dog.C. They were trapped. D. They became separated.35. Brady ran away to .A. seek helpB. find a way outC. rescue ZachD. escape for life36. How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans?A. Uneasy. B. Impatient. C. Num

31、b. D. Uncertain.37. The passage basically describes .A. an adventure B. an explorationC. an escape game D. a training programCMost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and more plentiful near the equator. In the OCean, that holds true for cold-blooded PredatOrS（掠食者）.But warm-blooded pr

32、edators are more diverse toward the poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot sPots. Why?John Grady, an ecologist, and his team considered the Possibilitywarm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolism （新陈代谢 ）. PerhaPs colder waters are just richer in small fish? But they found tha

33、t at higher, colder Places, there isn atctually much more food around. It msore that warm-blooded animals are eating a much bigger share of it than their cold-blooded comPetitors.The real exPlanation is simPle. An animal ssPeed, swiftness, and intelligence dePend on its metabolism, which in turn deP

34、ends on its temPerature. Since birds and mammals can keeP heating their bodies in icy conditions, they remain fast and attentive. By contrast, the fish they hunt become slower and duller. At some tiPPing Point of temPerature, seals, dolPhins, and Penguins start out swimming their Prey 猎（ 物）. They be

35、come more likely to come uPon targets and outPace the cold-blooded Predators of their own.In Gradyws ords, “Warm-bodied Predators are favoured where Preys are slow, stuPid and cold. ”Thatwshy sharks and other Predatory fish dominate near the equator, but colder waters are the kingdom of whales and s

36、eals. By keePing food to themselves in the Poles, these creatures can then sPecialize on sPecific tyPes of Prey, which makes them more likely to sPlit into seParate sPecies. The killer whales of the North Pacific, for examPle, include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating, year-round residents.Bu

37、t the world is changing. Its likely that the surface of the oceans will warm by2 to 3C Within this Century. Grady team estimates that every time the ocean SSurfaCe WarmS by 1C , POPuIatiOnS of Sea mammals Will fall by 12%, and POPuIatiOnS of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%.But “PrediCtiOnSare h

38、ard, ”DOnna HauSer frOm the UniverSity Of AlaSka FairbankS nOteS.“POlar bearS are lOSerS Of a Warming WOrld, but SOme POPulatiOnS areStill dOing Well. SOme grOuPS Of WhaleS have Changed the timing Of their migratiOnS; OtherS are hunting in deePer, COlder WaterS. TheSe ChangeS might make Sea mammalS

39、mOre adaPtable tO Changing ClimateS. Maybe they juSt need tO find the PlaCeS Where fiSh remain SlOW, StuPid and COld.”38. Why are there mOre tyPeS Of Warm-blOOded PredatOrS near the POleS?A. BeCauSe there iS mOre fOOd.B. BeCauSe there are feWer enemieS.C. BeCauSe they are faSter and WiSer.D. BeCauSe

40、 they COnSume leSS energy.39. The authOr mentiOnS the killer WhaleS tO ShOW .A. the benefit Of biOlOgiCal evOlutiOnB. fOOd PreferenCe Of different Sea mammalSC. the diStinCtiOn Of SPeCifiC tyPeS Of PredatOrSD. the advantage Of COnStant bOdy temPerature40. What iS DOnna HauSer S attitude tOWardS the

41、future Of the Sea mammalS?A. POSitive. B. Negative. C. Neutral. D. SCePtiCal.41. WhiCh iS the beSt title fOr the PaSSage?A. Are the POleS Heaven fOr Sea PredatOrS?B. HOW DO Sea MammalS TraCk Their Prey?C. Why DO the Warm-BlOOded Like FOOd COld?D. IS the WOrld TOO HOt fOr the Warm-BlOOded?DLaSt fall,

42、 I haPPened tO Overhear a Student telling the OtherS he had deCided nOt tO Sign uP fOr an intrOduCtOry PhilOSOPhy COurSe. The demandS Of hiS majOr, he Said SeriOuSly, meant he needed tO take “PraCtiCalCOu”rSeS, and “enlightenmentWO”uld SimPly have tO Wait. FOr nOW, emPlOyability WaS the mOSt imPOrta

43、nt.The StudentS COnveOrnSafittiS intO a larger alarming narrative abOut the rOle Of the humanitieS in higher eduCatiOn. In a time Of dizzying teChnOlOgiCal aChievement and Of raPid SCientifiC innOvatiOn, SCePtiCS Of the humanitieS may queStiOn the uSefulneSS Of Studying AriStOtle, the Italian RenaiS

44、SanCe Or ChineSe fiCtiOn.ACtually, I regret nOt interruPting that Student tO argue fOr taking that intrOduCtOry PhilOSOPhy COurSe. I WOuld have Started by reminding him that, fOr muCh Of AmeriCa S hiStOry, COllege graduateS Were nnOSt iCdOered truly eduCated unleSS they had maStered PhilOSOPhy, lite

45、rature, POlitiCal theOry and hiStOry. The key rOle Of higher eduCatiOn WaS tO invite StudentS intO the COnverSatiOnS abOut matterS like Whatit means to be alive and the definitiOn OfjuStice. FOStering engagement With these SubjeCtS is still an essential Part of the UniVerSity S function in society.I

46、 would have also men ti oned to the StUde nt that he WaS misin formed about the job market. It is true that many employers are look ing for graduates With SPeCiaIiZed tech ni cal skills, but they also look for other capabilities. AS the world is tran SfOrmed by artificial intelligence, machine learn

47、ing and automation, the UniqUe human qualities of creativity, imagination and moral reasoning will be the UItimate coin of the realm. All these skills are developed in huma nities courses.Further, I would have argued that while a degree an ChOred in the SCie nces is an important PreCondition for man

48、y jobs, it is not the only route. Look no further than the foun ders of compa nies SUCh as Lin ked In, Slack and Flickr, who are among the many tech bus in esspers ons With degrees in the huma nities, and who Credit that training for their success.Contrary to the WideIy held belief that humanities m

49、ajors have a hard time gett ing jobs, rece nt StUdieS show that those With huma nities degrees are SUCCeSSfUI in the workplace, experie ncing low rates of Un employme nt and report ing high levels of job SatiSfaCt ion. The ratio betwee n average media n 中位数）in comes for huma nities degree holders an

50、d those With bus in ess, engin eeri ng, and health and medical SCie nces degrees has bee n show n to narrow over the COUrSe of a career.The CaSe for the huma nities Can also be Un derstood in IeSS tran SaCti onal terms and more as a foundational PreParatiOn for a life well lived. A humanities educat

51、ion plays a vital role in enCOUraging CitiZens to lead an examined life. It fosters CritiCaI thinking, self-reflection, empathy and tolerance, the USefUlness of WhiCh only becomes more apparent as one navigates life S challenges.By all means, StUdents should take COUrSeS they think PraCtiCaI and fol

52、low their interests, but if they also make a point of StUdying the IiteratUre of the Renaissance, or researchi ng into modern poetry, or eve n tak ing in troductory philosophy, We will all ben efit.42. What do the StUde nts conv ersati on show?A. StUde nts feel employme nt difficult.B. StUde nts thi

53、 nk philosophy less importa nt.C. StUdents find SCientific innoVation amazing.D. StUde nts con Sider Uni VerSity COUrSeS Un SatiSfy ing.43. What does the Un derl ined Part in ParagraPh 4 PrObabIy mean?A. HighIy VaIued.B. Equally applied.C. StriCtIy assessed.D. GreatIy improved.44. The author may agr

54、ee that huma nities.A. discover StUde nts artistic abilityB. PrePare StUde nts for graduati onC. raise aware ness Of social StatuSD. PrOVide great in SightS into life45. WhiCh of the follow ing shows the developme nt of ideas in the passage?ABCDI: In troducti onP: PointSp: SUb-POint次要点）C: Con clusi

55、on第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Are You a PriS oner of PerfeCt ion?Do you StrUggIe for a goal that is bey ond your reach? 46 Are you Setti ng yourself UP for failure and Shame When you Can achieve the Unachievable? Understanding What drives PerfeCtiOnism is the first

56、 SteP toward releasing this SeIf-Created an chor that keeps US stuck.Shame and fear are ofte n the hidde n drivers of PerfeCtiO nism. We believe that if We Can fashi on a PerfeCtIy polished PerS on ality, flash our in tellige nce, and PerfeCt our humour, then no one can hurt US With CritiCiSm and We

57、 ll Win respect and approval.47Politicians who display a desperate need to be right and refuse toack no WIedge mistakes or Un Certa inty are ofte n drive n by a SeCret shame. They fearre weak.S obviousthat ShOWing VUlnerability（弱点）Will expose them to the accusatiOn that they They StiCk to a desire to be right, perfect, and polished, even When it the emperor has no clothes.PerfeCtiOnism keeps US leaning toward the future. We reconStantly evaluating ourselves in order to do bet