高一英语阅读理解(社会文化)解题技巧讲解及练习题(含答案)

1、（英语）高一英语阅读理解( 社会文化 ) 解题技巧讲解及练习题( 含答案 )一、高中英语阅读理解社会文化类1阅读理解in india, one of the most significant festivals is diwali, which falls between october and november. its a five-day celebration that includes good food, fireworks, colored sand, and special candles and lamps.in honor of lakshmi, the hindu god

2、dess of wealth, people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare, succcss, and well-being. people welcome the goddess into their homes by decorating entrances with colorful lanterns and traditional designs. in addition, many people treat themselves to fine jewelry, prayin

3、g for good fortune. those who cannot afford so much, seek out cheaper items such as clothes or household goods.the second day of the festival is called kali chaudas. for some, the day provides an opportunity to drive away misfortune from homes and businesses. they decorate their homes with clay lamp

4、s and create design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand.the third day is when the biggest celebrations occur, which begin early in the morning with a visit to a temple to seek the blessings of the goddess. as the sun sets, festival observers light up their homes with sm

5、all lamps and enjoy delicious traditional foods with their loved ones.the festivals fourth day is celebrated in many different ways. friends and relatives visit with gifts, sweets and best wishes for the season.and the final day of the festival is called bhai oooj it honors the close bond between br

6、others and sisters and is observed with traditional ceremonies and more delicious food.for children in india, diwali is similar to christmas. they get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts, new clothes, amazing food, and, in the past at least, a large number of fireworks. it is no

7、 wonder that the festival ranks high among the countrys favorite celebrations.（ 1） people celebrate the first day of diwali mainly for_. a.good fortune.b.colorful lanterns c.expensive jewelry d.traditional designs（ 2） whats the probable purpose of creating rangoli on the floor?（ 3） what is a man lik

8、ely to do on the last day of the festival?（ 4） which of the following may not be a reason for childrens love of diwali? a.having a week off.b.getting christmas gifts.c.enjoying amazing food.d.setting off fireworks.【答案】 （ 1） a（2） c（3） c（4） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了印度最重要的节日之一排灯节。（ 1）细节理解题。根据第二段中的“ inhono

9、r of lakshmi， the hindu goddess of wealth ，people make special prayers on the first day to obtain blessings for welfare ， succcss， and well-being. 印”度人庆祝排灯节第一天是为了获得生活，成功，为人方面的好运。故选a。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ forsome， the day provides an opportunity to driveaway misfortune from homes and businesses. they d

10、ecorate their homes with clay lamps andcreate design patterns called rangoli on the floor using colored powder or sand.在排灯节为了”驱散家里和生意的霉运，印度人会在地上用彩色粉或沙子创造出rangoli 形状。故选 c。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段中的“ and the nalfi day of the festival is called bhai oooj.it honors the close bond betweenbrothers and sistersan

11、dis observed with traditionalceremonies and more delicious food. ”排灯节最后一天是纪念兄弟姐妹亲密纽带的日子。可知这天男子会和自己的兄弟姐妹在一起。故选c。（ 4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ for children in india， diwali is similar to christmas.they get all entire week off from school and are treated to gifts， new clothes ，amazing food ，and，in the past at l

12、east ， a large number of fireworks. it is no wonder that the festival rankshigh among the countrys favorite celebrations. 印度”孩子们喜欢排灯节因为 他们可以放假一周，吃美味食物，还有大量烟花，没有说收到圣诞节礼物。故选b。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。2阅读理解theaters of the pastthe greek theatertheaters developed in many

13、 parts of greece. ancient greek theaters were built in natural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. this allowed a great mass of people to enjoy a show at a time. due to this, actors placed emphasis on exaggerated (夸张的 ) action and speech. and, colorful symbolic masks and costumes were used.

14、the medieval theaterthe medieval theater started in churches. thats why medieval plays were about bible stories. at first, it became a custom for priests ( 牧师 ) to act out brief scenes during christmas and easter. these acts attracted large crowds. finally the church refused to allow priests to part

15、icipate in any such events again, so ordinary people began these performances outside. performances were set in the town square, with several stage settings around it.the elizabethan theaterthe englands theater developed rapidly in the years following the defeat of the spanish navy. the dominant fea

16、ture of elizabethan theater was the stage. it has three parts: the fore stage for outside scenes; the inner stage for scenes inside a building; an upper stage or balcony for various purposes. the reason for this design is that there were no scene changes, or breaks during the play. very little scene

17、ry was used, so the actors had to create a scene through their voices and dialogues. this led to a more poetic script, and poets became the main source of script writing.the restoration theatersome of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays were really funny. many specialized machi

18、nes were used to create the scene. the stage was a very clever idea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters ( 百叶窗 ) were painted with the scene.（ 1） why were ancient greek theaters built on hills?（ 2） in which theater could actors voices and speech help create scenes?（ 3） what is spe

19、cial about the restoration theater?a.colorful masks were used.b.the stage was smartly designed.c.most of its plays were sorrowful.d.ordinary people were the performers.【答案】 （ 1） a（ 2） c（ 3） b【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了四个古代的剧院。（ 1）考查细节理解。根据 the greek theater 部分中的 “ ancient greek theaters were bu ilt in nat

20、ural open air sites on conveniently shaped hills. this allowed a great mass of people to enjoy ashow at a time. 古”希腊的剧院建在自然开阔的地方，建在形状方便的山上。这使得一大群人可以一次欣赏一场演出，可知，希腊剧院建在山上是为了让更多的观众可以一起欣赏演出。故选a。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据 the elizabethan theater 部分中的 “ very little scenery was used, sothe actors had to create a scene

21、through their voices and dialogues.布景用得很少，所以演”员们不得不通过他们的声音和对话来创造一个场景，可知，在the elizabethan theater, 演员的声音和言语能帮助创造场景。故选c。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据 the restoration theater 部分中的 “ thestage was a very cleveridea , in that on the sides of the stage large back shutters (百叶窗 ) were painted with the scene.”舞 台是 一个 非常聪明的想

22、 法， 因为 舞台两 侧的大背板 上都 画着场 景 ) 可知 ，在therestoration theater 舞台设计非常巧妙。故选b。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。3阅读理解a pg-13 rating is a stricter warning by the rating board to parents to determine whether their children under age 13 should view the film. a pg-13 film may

23、 go beyond the pg rating in theme, violence, nudity (裸露 ), language, adult activities or other elements, but does not reach the restricted r category.the theme of the film by itself will not result in a rating greater than pg-13, although activitiesshown in the film related to a mature theme may res

24、ult in a restricted rating for the film. anydrug use will initially require at least a pg-13 rating. more than brief nudity will require at least apg-13 rating, but such nudity in pg-13 rated film generally will not be sexually oriented. theremay be violence scene in a pg-13 movie, but generally not

25、 bothrealistic and extremeorpersistent violence.a single use of one of the rude words in a film, though only as an expletive ( 感叹语 ), initially requires at least a pg-13 rating. more than one such bad word requires an r rating, as must even one of those words used in a sexual context. the rating boa

26、rd nevertheless may rate such a film pg-13 if, based on a special vote by a two-thirds majority, the raters feel that most american parents would believe that a pg-13 rating is appropriate because of the context or manner in which the words are used or because the use of those words in the film is e

27、asily neglected.（ 1） what is the main goal of this passage?（ 2） according to pg-13 rating, the theme of the movie _.（ 3） from paragraph 2, we can learn that drug usage _.（ 4） what does a movie with two or more uses of bad words require?a.a pg rating. b.a pg-13 rating. c.an r rating.d.an nc-17 rating

28、.【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） a（ 3） c（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。pg-13 级是电影分级委员会对家长发出的更严格的警告，目的是决定13 岁以下的孩子是否应该看这部电影。文章介绍了pg-13 电影分级。（ 1）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，本文从主题、暴力、裸体、语言、成人活动方面解释了 pg-13 的电影分级。全文目的在于解释pg-13。故选 d。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“ the theme of the film by itself will not resultin a ratinggreater than pg-13, although act

29、ivities shown in the film related to a mature theme may result in，电影的主题”本身不会导致评级大于 a restricted rating for the film.pg-13，尽管在电影中出现的与成熟主题相关的活动可能会导致对电影的限制评级。此可知，电影的主题对pg-13评级影响不大。故选a。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的任”何药物使用最初都需要至少达到 rating.“ anydrug use willinitiallyrequireat least a pg-13pg-13 级别。可知，药物使用使pg-13 评级是必

30、要的。故选c。（ 4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“ more than one such bad word requires an r rating,as must even one of those words used in a sexual context.，一部有两个或两”个以上脏话用法的电影需要满足r 级。故选 c。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。4阅读理解in india, most of the women wear a red dot between their e

31、yebrows. while it is generally takenas an indicator of their marital( 婚姻的 )status, the practice is primarily related to the hindu( 教的 )religion. the dot goes by different names in different hindi dialects, and印度“bindi is the onethat is most commonly known. traditionally, the dot carries no gender re

32、striction men as well as women wear it. however, the tradition of men wearing it has faded in recent times, so nowadays we see a lot more women than men wearing one.the position of the bindi is standard center of the forehead, close tothe eyebrows. itrepresents a third, or inner eye. hindu tradition

33、 holds that all people have three eyes the twoouter ones are used for seeing the outside world, and the third one is there to focus inwardtoward god. as such, the dot means piety( 虔诚 )and serves as a constant reminder to keep god inthe front of a believers thou ghts.red is the traditional color of t

34、he dot. it is said that in ancient times a man would place a drop of blood between his wifes eyes to seal their marriage. according to hindu beliefs, the color red is believed to bring good fortune to the married couple. today, people go with different colors depending upon their preferences. women

35、often wear dots that match the color of their clothes. decorative of sticker bindis come in all sizes, colors and variations, and can be worn by young andold, married and unmarried people alike. wearing a bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.（ 1） why did people in ind

36、ia start wearing a red dot on their forehead?（ 2） what is the function of the third eye in hindu tradition?（ 3） why was red chosen as the original color of the bindi?（ 4） which of the following statements is true about bindis today?a.bindis are now used to make people look better.b.bindis are worn a

37、nywhere on the face now.c.most indian women do not wear bindis anymore.d.more men than women wear bindis in india.【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） d（ 3） b（ 4） a【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，大多数印度女人的眉毛中间都戴着红点，这种做法主要与印度教有关，它代表的是第三只眼，可以时时提醒信徒要尊敬上帝。现在眉心红点更多的是作为装饰品使用。（ 1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“ in india, most of the women wear a red dot bet

38、weentheir eyebrows. while it is generally taken as an indicator of their marital （婚姻的） status, the practice is primarily related to the hindu （印度教的） religion. 在印”度，大多数女性的眉毛上都有一个红点。虽然这通常被认为是他们婚姻状况的一个指标，但这种做法主要与印度教有关。可知这种做法主要与印度教有关，所以印度人前额戴红点是展示他们的宗教信仰。故选c。（ 2）考查细节理解。根据第二段可知，印度传统上认为人有第三只眼。以及“ as such，

39、 thedot serves as a constant reminder to keep god inthe front of a believers thoughts ”因此，点作为一个持续的提醒，以保持神在信徒的思想面前。所以第三眼在印度教传统中的重要性是要尊重上帝。故选d。（ 3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ according to hindu beliefs， the color red is believed tobring good fortune to the married couple”可知，根据印度教的信仰，红色被认为能为已婚的夫妇带来好运。故选b。（ 4）考查细节理

40、解。根据第三段中的“ decorative orsticker bindiscome in all sizes，colorsand variations ， and can be wornby young and old， marriedand unmarriedpeoplealike wearinga bindi has become more of a fashion statement than a religious custom.装”饰物或贴纸贴纸有各种尺寸、颜色和变化，年轻人和老年人、已婚人士和未婚人士都可以佩戴。佩戴宾蒂帽与其说是一种宗教习俗，不如说是一种时尚宣言。可知，眉心红点

41、现在更多的被用作装饰品。故选 a【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。5阅读理解welcome to the 2017 uk festival awardsthe uk festival awards & conference is an opportunity to recognize the hard work, vision and creativity of the nations beloved festival industry.throughout the day of the

42、 event, the conference invites numerous industry insiders(行家 ) todiscuss the issues most relative to the sector, reviewing its immediate past and portending to thefuture. the evenings awards present a wide range of honors across categories that are decidedvia a combinationof public voting and profes

43、sional judgments. since launching in 2004 it hasevolved intoa major event at the roundhouse in london, giving the industrya chance tocollectively celebrate and fondly reflect upon the achievements of the past year.with a gourmet dinner, gala awards ceremony and after-show party, it attracts over 1,0

44、00 of the most influential people in the business.along with its sister events, the uk festival conference and the european festival awards, the uk festival awards & conference is owned and produced by festival awards ltd, an independent company founded in the uk.awards include best major, medium-si

45、zed and small festival, best family festival, best overseas festival, best use of new technology, and of coursebest toilets.as the festival season is approaching, we thought itd be a good time to release our free uk festival market report for 2015 / 2016. we gathered the data in our annual census(人口

46、普查 ) undertaken in the preparation stage for last years uk festival awards. the latest uk festivalmarket report can be downloaded below.included in the report is a bunch of related information about festivalgoers: where theyre from, how they like to purchase music, what they eat, their attitudes tow

47、ards ticket prices, how receptive they are to different forms of advertising, why they go to festivals in the first place, where they sleep, and much more.we hope you find the information useful.（1） which phrase is the closest in meaning to the underlined word“portending ”a. getting downb. adding up

48、c. giving wayd. looking forwardin paragraph 2?（ 2） what can be inferred from the passage?a. an annual census is conducted and released in the festivalb. the festival awards ltd, is responsible for not less than three events.c. the gala awards ceremony attracts only 1.000 influential businessmen.d. p

49、ublic voting plays a leading role in deciding a variety of festival honors.（ 3） where most probably will you see this passage?a. in a magazine.b. in a newspaper.c. on a website.d. in a tv program.【答案】 （1） d（2） b（3） c【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了the 2017 uk festival awards。（ 1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“throughout theda

50、y of the event,the conferenceinvites numerousindustry insiders(行家 ) to discuss theissuesmost relativeto the sector,reviewing its immediate past and portendingto the future.在活”动的当天，会议邀请了许多业内人士来讨论与该行业相关的最重要的问题，回顾其过去的过去，并展望未来。根据reviewing its immediate past 和 to the future. 可知划线词的意思是“展望未来 ”，故选 d。（2）考查推理

51、判断。根据第四段 “along with its sister events, the uk festival conference and the european festival awards, the uk festival awards & conference is owned and produced byfestival awards ltd, an independent company founded in the uk. 和第五段中的 “”awards include best major, medium-sized and small festival, best fa

52、mily festival, best overseas festival, bestuse of new technology, and of course best toilets. 可”知， the festival awards ltd 负责不少于三项活动。故选 b。（ 3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“the latestuk festival marketreportcan bedownloaded below.可知”，这篇文章最有可能来自一个网址。故选c。【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行推理，归纳，从而

53、选出正确答案。6阅读理解sweetest day is always the third saturday in october. this holiday is much more important in some regions than in others (detroit, cleveland and buffalo being the biggest sweetest day cities). it is a holiday that is gaining in popularity every year throughout the country.sweetest day is

54、 celebrated on the third saturday in october as a day to make someone happy. it is an occasion which offers all of us an opportunity to remember not only the sick, aged, and orphaned, but also friends, relatives and associates whose helpfulness and kindness we have enjoyed.over 60 years ago, a cleveland man, believing that the citys orphans and shut-ins ( 卧病在床的人 ) too often felt forgotten and neglected, formed the idea of showing them that they wereremem