2018中考语法讲解与练习10——形容词比较、最高级

1、2018中考语法讲解与练习10形容词比较、最高级 英语语法是英语的重要部分，在中考的选择题、语法填空、改错、造句以及 作文都会涉及，本套练习从既有讲解又有练习，是复习的好资料，提分的好助手。 语法讲解: 形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级 1、分类：形容词和副词有 原级、比较级 和最高级三级。 原级变为比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 2、规则变化： （1）单音节和部分双音节形容词和副词，在原级的后面加上 er,est构成比较级和最高级。 a）直接加 er,est : b）以重读闭音节结尾的，要双写最后一个辅音字母，后加er,est： c）以辅音字母+y结尾的，先把y改为i再加上er

2、,est： （2）两个音节或两个以上的音节的，在原级前加 more / most. 3、不规则变化 原级 比较级 最咼级 good好的 better更好的 best最好的 well好；（身体）好的， bad,badly糟糕的，糟糕地 worse更糟糕的，更糟糕地； （身体）更不舒服的 worst最糟糕的，最糟糕地； （身体）最不舒服的 ill（身体）不舒服的 many许多的（可数） more更多的；更 most最多的；最 much许多的（不可数）；非常 little少的 less更少的 least最少的 far远的；远地 farther更远的；更远地 farthest最远的；最远地 furth

3、er进一步的（地） furthest最深刻的（地） 4、形容词和副词的原级、比较级和最高级的用法: （1）讲述某人/物自身的情况时，用原级。基本句型是： 主语（sb./sth） + 谓语动词 + （very/too/so/quite/rather + 形容词 /副词原级 +. 女口： He is very old now.（他现在很老了）/ They ran quite fast.（它们跑得相当快）/ The weather looks rather bad.（天气看上去相当糟）/1 am so happy!（我是如此的快乐） 表示两者之间没有差别时，使用句型： 主语（第一个人物）+谓语动词

4、+ as +形容词/副词原级 + as +第二个人物 +. 女口： He is as excited as his younger sister.（他和他妹妹一样兴奋 ）/ Lily rode her bike as slowly as an old lady.（莉莉骑车像老太太一样慢 ）/ They picked as manyapples as the farmers （did）.（他们摘的苹果和农 民一样多） 表示第一个人比不上第二个人时，使用句型： 主语（第一个人物）+谓语动词（否定式）+ as / so +形容词/副词原级 + as +第二个人物+ 女口： He is not so

5、/ as excited as his younger sister.（他没他妹妹那么兴奋 ）/ Lily did not ride her bike so / as slowly as an old lady .（莉莉骑车不像老太太那样慢 ）/ They didn t pick so / amany apples as the farmers （did）.（他们摘的苹果不如农民多） （2）讲述两者有差异，第一个人物超过第二个人物时，用比较级。基本句型： 主语（ A+谓语动词 +（much/a little/even/still）+形容词 /畐U词比较级 +than+ 第二个人物（ B+. 女

6、口： A modern train is much faster than a car.（现代的火车比轿车快多了） / This book didn t coiabnae than that one .（这本书花费我的钱不比那本多） 讲述两者有差异，第一个人物不及第二个人物时，用比较级。句型是： 主语（A）+谓语动词+ less+（多音节形/副）比较级+ than +第二个人物（E）+. 女口： I thi nk En glish is less difficult tha n maths.（我认为英语不比数学难 ）/ Do you thi nk it less importa nt to l

7、earn a foreign Ianguage?（你认为学外语不那么重要吗？） （3）讲述某人/物是一群之中最突出的一个时，用最高级。句型是： 主语（sb./sth） + 谓语动词 +（the） + 形容词 /畐U词最高级 +in / of . 女口： The Changjiang River is the longest in China.（长江是中国最长的河流 ）/ He jumped （the） highest of the three （boys）.（三个男生中他跳得最高） 4、关于比较等级的重要注释： 1、 以上六个句型中，如果动词是及物或不及物动词，则后面用副词；如果后面是连系动词

8、，则后面用形容词。女口： This car is the fastest of the four.（形容词）（这辆汽车是四辆之中最快的” This car runs （the） fastest of the four.（副词）（这辆汽车是四辆之中跑得最快的） 2、 比较级+and +比较级”表示越来越 ”。女口： The weather is getting warmer and warmer.（天越来越温暖 了） 3、 “the+ 比较级 ,the+ 比较级 ”表示“越 就越 ”。女口： The more trees we plant,the better it will be.（我们 栽的

9、树越多，情况就会越好 ” The harder you try,the greater your progress is .（你越是努力，进步就越大） 4、 一般的形容词或副词的比较级前面可以加much/a little/even/still，而表示数量的more之前还可以加 some/ any/ no/ one/ two/ many/ several/ a lot 等词。如：It is much colder today tha n yesterday.（今天比昨天冷多了 ）/ Would you like some more coffee?（你还要些咖啡吗？ ）/He did not ea

10、t any more .（他没有再吃） 5、 more than / less than 分别可以理解为 多于 /少于”相当于副词，more than=over; less than=under .如：I lived in New York for more than four mon ths .（我在纽约生活了四个多月） 6、 “one of the +最高级+名词（复数）”整个短语为单数含义，谓语要用单数形式。女口： One of the oldest houses has been burnt in a fire .（最古老的一幢房子在一场大火中被烧毁了） 7、 “Which / Who

11、 +动词+形/副， or ?”句型中，如果有两个选项，形/副用比较级，如果有三个选项，形/副用最 高级。女口： Who has more books，Lin Tao or Han Mei?（林涛和韩梅谁的书最多？）/ Which is the heaviest，a pig，a horse or an elepha nt?（猪、马、象哪个最重？ ） 8、 上下文中含有 both/either/neither/two/twins等表示两个事物的词时，用比较级，而且往往还要加the;含有 all/none/no one/ every等表示三个或三个以上事物时，用最高级。女口： -Do you lik

12、e the smaller one? Neither.（小一点的那个你喜欢吗？ 一个都不喜欢” -Which do you like best? -Ml of them!（你最喜欢哪 个？全部。） 练习: 1、Mon keys are theani mals in the world. They can do somethi ng like us. A. smallestB. most dan gerousC. cleverestD. thinn est 2、- Dad，do you like my picture? -How wonderful! It sone I ve ever seen

13、! A. niceB. the niceC . nicerD . the nicest 3、Why did nt you enjoy the film？ It was film that I had ever see n A. the most interestingB . the least interesting C. more interestingD . less interesting 4、一 Do you know Lin Shuhao? Yes.He is one ofbasketball players in the NBA. A. popular B . more popul

14、ar C . the most popular 5、一 When is the time to visit Brazil? -In August and September , I think . Not too cold , not too hot .() A. hottestB . hotter C. bestD. better 6、All the students in our class are over fifteen except Nick. He isin our class. A. you ngerB. olderC. the you ngest D. the oldest 7

15、、The hotel is very old. It s one of buildings in the city. A. old B. older C. oldest D. the oldest 8、Its hard to hold back the tears. This isthing I ve ever heard. A. sad B. sadder C. saddest D. the saddest. 9、Miho is stude nt because she was born later tha n anyone else in her class. A.young B. you

16、nger C. the you nger D. the you ngest 10、Its said that the year 2016 is the ever A. warm B . warmth C . warmer D . warmest 11、Of all the drinks, tea is in the world. It has a history of about 5,000 years. A. old B. older C. the oldest D. very old 12、 Peter is boy in our class and he often helps us c

17、arry heavy things. A. str ong B. stro nger C. stro ngest D. the str on gest 13、一 Which is seas on in Beiji ng? I think it s autu mn. A.good better C. B. best D. the best 14、Yongzhou City is one of in Chi na. A. the happiest city B. happiest cities C. the happiest cities 15、 Jane is among the girls o

18、f her family. She lear ns things very quickly. A) smart B) as smart as C) smarter D) the smartest 16、The movie Batman and Joker isone that I ve ever seen. A. more excit ingB. more excitedC. the most excit ingD. the most excited 17、-Li Ping, was there a traffic accident on West Street last night? -Ye

19、s. Twenty-five people died. It sone that I have ever heard of. A. the most seriousB. a more terrible C. the most seriouslyD. the least terribly 18、 you read, you ll be. A. More, fasterB. The most, the fastest C. The more, the fasterD. Most , fastest 19、 Nothing isthan keeping trying if you want to a

20、chieve your dreams. A. very importa ntB. more importa nt C. the most importa ntD. as importa nt as 20、 exercise you do,youll be. A. The fewer; the fatterB . The less; the fatter C. The less; the more fatterD . The more; the fatter 21、How can you study in the livi ng room whe n other people are watch

21、 ing TV? I thi nk you n eed a place. A. clea nerB. C. D. safer D. the quieterC. smaller 22、一 Whom would you like to be your monitor, Lucy or Mary? I thi nk Lucy would be. A. betterB. goodC. best better 23、一 What bad weather! Yes. The radio says it will be eve n. B. bad A. worse 24、 Tai Mountain in S

22、handong isthan Maiji Mountain in Gansu. A. the highest B . much highestC . more higher D . much higher 25、 Now the air in our city isthan it used to be. Something must be done to stop it. A. goodB. betterC. worse 26、 Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project .Imsure he can do the work with money

23、and _ people. A. less; less B . fewer; more C . more; fewer D . less; fewer 27、一 The stuntman is planning to walk on the wings of a flying plane. What?! Ive n ever heard of idea before. A. a crazierB. the crazierC. a craziestD. the craziest 28、一 Hi! An drew. How can you improve your maths so much? N

24、othi ng difficult. Theyou work at it, themistakes you will make. A. harder; lessB.hardier; fewerC.more hardly; fewerD.harder; fewer 29、 I felt much after I told the problems to my close friend. A. good B. wellC. betterD. best 30、 Our country is getting. We are proud of it. A. more and more stro ngB.

25、str ong and stro ngC.stro nger and str on ger 31、If more people give up driving cars, the air will get muchin a few days. A. clea nB. clea nerC. the clea nest the n. 32、I failed to catch the last bus on that cold win ter ni ght. I could n t feel A. more excitedB. more terribleC. the most excitedD. t

26、he most terrible 33、Of the two skirts, Lucy chose one. A. less expe nsiveB. the least expe nsive C. the less expe nsiveD. the most expe nsive 参考答案 、选择题 1、 C 由后句“它们可以像我们一样做一些事情”可知“猴子是世界上最聪明的动物” 2、D 3、B the 根据问句 Why didnt you enjoy the film？推断答语的句意是 这是我曾经看过的最没趣的一部 ，最没趣用 least interesting，形容词最高级前要加定冠词

27、the ，故选： B 【点评】本题考查形容词的最高级，结合句意和比较范围，确定形容词的比较等级，三者或三者以上比较，要用形容 词的最高级 4、C one of 后面接最高级。故选 C。 5、C 6、C 7、D 8、D 9、D 10、D 11、C 12、D 13、D 14、C 15、D 16、C 17、A 18、C 19、B 20、B 21、B 22、D 23、A 24、D 25、C 26、D 根据前句“ Bob knows how to cut the cost of the project. ”可知，鲍勃懂得怎样削减开支，所以后句应 是“用更少的钱和更少的人力”来做这个工作。money是不可

28、数名词，不能用few、many修饰，可排除B项；people 是集体名词，不能用little 、much修饰，可排除 A项。故选D。 27、A 28、D 29、C 30、C 31、B 32、B 【解析】考查形容词的比较级。句意：在那个寒冷的冬夜，我没能赶上最后一班公交车，我感到再糟糕不过了。否定 词couldn t+比较级表示在不过了，先排除C、D两个选项；由failed to catch”可知，这里是没有 比这更糟糕的了”， terrible 表示“糟糕的”，故选 B。 33、A 2018年中考资料介绍 英语部分 1.中考词汇辨析122组 2.中学英语词组大全 3.初中必背的英语重点词组句型 4.中考英语词组必考必备 5.中考英语各种题型的解题技巧 6.2018中考英语阅读天天练系列一- -日常生活类 7.2018中考英语完形天天练系