循环系统4(Circulationsystem4)

1、最新资料推荐循环系统 4 (Circulation system 4)循环系统 4 (Circulation system 4) Each of the followingquesti ons has five alter native an swers: A, B, C, D, and E. Please choose the best an swer from the corresp onding letter card, and the corresponding number in the answer will be the black box. 1. * * * male, 55

2、years old, blood pressure 180 / IIOmmHg, an tihyperte nsivedrugs aftercon trolli ngbloodpressure in 130-140 / 80-90mmHg, ECG showed left ventricularhypertrophy,reti nal arterialn arrow ing,urinary prote intrace,the patientsmost likelydiag no sis is A.hyperte nsion 1phaseB. hyperte nsion phase IIC.hy

3、perte nsionphase III D.renalartery ste no sis E. chronic glomeru Ion ephritis The an swer you choose: The correct answer is: B Solution: stage two hypertension:at least one organ damage: leftventricularhypertrophy (X-ray, ECG, ultrasound);the retinalarterynarrowing; the proteinuria and (or) slightly

4、 elevated serum creatinine (106177 mol/L); the ultrasound or X-ray showed atherosclerotic plaques (neck, iliac, and femoral artery). 2.* * * applicati on of an tihyperte nsive drugs in the treatme ntof hypertension, which one of the followingprinciplesis wrongA. patie nts whose blood pressure has in

5、 creased sig ni fica ntly should be lowered to no rmal level as soon as possible B. asmall dose of a sin gle drug bega n to gradually in crease the amoun t, if n ecessary, can be comb ined medicati on Whe n the blood pressure of C. decreased and stabilized to normal, it was cha nged to maintenance d

6、ose for a long time D. adhere to in dividualizedmedicati onEmerge ncy an tihyperte nsivetreatme nt should be applied to E. patie nts with hyperte nsivecrisis The answer you choose: The correct answer is: A Solution: blood pressure long time at a high level of patients, not too fast buck. 3. Which of

7、 the follow ing diseases. Themost suitable for beta blocker therapy A. hyperte nsion withcardiacin sufficie ncyB.hyperte nsionwith renalin sufficie ncyC. hypertensionwith bron chialasthmaD.hyperte nsionwith bradycardiaE. hyperte nsionwithhypertrophicobstructivecardiomyopathyThean sweryouchoose: The

8、correct an swer is: E Soluti on: beta blockers should be used with cauti on in cardiac and renal dysfu ncti on, asthma, bradycardia, for hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, beta blockers can preve nt delayed myocardial hypertrophy, tachycardia, mai ntai n no rmal sinus rhythm. 4.Patie nts, male

9、, 69 years old, 8 weeks before the cold after susta ined fever, with aortic ste no sis and in sufficie ncy of history, should first con sider which of the followi ng diag no sis A. connective tissue disease B. acute infective endocarditisC. subacute in fective en docarditis D. lobular pn eum onia E.

10、lobar pneumonia The answer you choose: The correct answer is: C Soluti on: subacute in fective en docarditis, l ong durati on, mainly involving the valve lesi ons. Acute is mainly caused by virulentand highly aggressive bacteria invading normal valves.5. * * * male, 61 years old, sufferi ng from hyp

11、erte nsion withtype 2 diabetes, mild renal impairment, serum creatinine (SCr) 186 mol/L, urine protein (+), exclusion of renal vascular hyperte nsion. The best choice of an tihyperte nsive drugs A.diuretics B. calcium an tag oni sts C. alpha receptor blockersD. beta blockers E.ACEI (angiotensinconve

12、rtingenzymein hibitor) The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: ESolution:ACEI can reverse leftventricularhypertrophy,improve glucose toleranee, delaying kidney damage, but must pay attention to the damageand renal functionin severe bilateralrenal artery ste no sis should be used with cautio

13、n. 6. * * * male, 35 years old. The blood pressure of 24 /13.3kPa(180/100mmHg), after 3 weeks aftertakingnifedipineandangiotensin convertingenzyme inhibitor therapy, bloodpressure dropped to 16 / 10.6kPa (120 / 80mmHg), a drug withdrawal should be A. immediate reduction of drug dose B. can stop tak

14、ing an tihyperte nsive drugs After C. withdrawal, the blood pressure in creased aga inD. continued to takemedicatio n, and after several mon ths, such as blood pressure remained stable, then gradually reduced to maintain the minimum dose of blood pressure stability In order to avoid the low blood pr

15、essure drop, E. should be discontinued,and thesymptomsshould be restored at any time The answer you choose: The correct an swer is: D Soluti on: the in itial treatme nt of patie nts with stable for some time in the blood pressure, the minimumdose maybe careful to maintain slow reduction of blood pre

16、ssure, not all of a sudden stop. 7. Female, 24 years old. Blood pressure 29.3/16kPa(220/120mmHg), which of thefollowingmanifestationsis most characteristic for thediag no sis of reno vascular hyperte nsion in this patie nt? A.has a family history of hyperte nsion B. fun dus visible cross arterial co

17、mpressi on C. can hear con ti nu ous high tone no ise on the upper abdome n Elevated plasma renin levels in D. E. urine protein (+ +) red cells, 5 / HP The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: C Solutio n: n early half of patie nts with renal vascular hyperte nsion and vascular murmur could b

18、eheard in the upper abdomenor kid ney area. 8.* * * on diag no sisof hypertension is described correctly A. systolic blood pressure 140mmHg, that is diagnosed as hypertensionB.diastolic blood pressure 90mmHg, that is diag no sed with hypertension C. = 140mmHgand systolic blood pressure, diastolic bl

19、ood pressure below 90mmHg(or) diagnosed with hyperte nsion The diag no sis of D. hyperte nsion is based on the accide ntal in crease of blood pressure The diag no sis of E.hyperte nsion was based on the mean blood pressure measured more than two or two times the sameday. The answer you choose: The c

20、orrect answer is: C Solution:at present, the internationalstandard of our country, the systolic pressure is more than140mmHgand (or) diastolic blood pressure below 90mmHg diagnosed with hypertension.9. Male, 59 years old. Thepatients,blood pressure 140/95mmHg,his blood pressure is A.no rmal blood pr

21、essure range B. borderl ine hyperte nsion C.1 hyperte nsion D.2 hyperte nsion E.3 hyperte nsion The an swer you choose: The correct answer is: C Solution: Grade 1 hypertension:systolic blood pressure of 140 159 mmHg,diastolic blood pressure was 90 99 mmHg. 10. * * * hypertension with renal failure,

22、hyperkalemia, which of thefollow ingdrugs should be carefullychosenA.hydrochlorothiazide diuretics B.ni fedip inesusta inedrelease tablets, calcium an tag oni sts C. Betaloc, beta blocker D. captopril, ACEI drugs E. alpha receptor blocker,prazosinThe an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: D Sol

23、utio n: ACEI drug damage in severe renal fun cti on (serum creati nine, 265.5 mol/L), hyperkalemia should be used cautiously. 11. * * * use of an tihyperte nsive drug treatme nt of hyperte nsion, an tihyperte nsive target A. blood pressure dropped to no rmal ran ge, that is, young people blood press

24、ure con trol in 120 130/80mmHg,the elderly can be reduced to less than 140/90mmHg B. decreased to criticalhypertensionlevel, i.e.,140 to160/90 to 95mmHg C. systolic blood pressure was con trolledat160mmHgdiastolic blood pressure was con trolled at 85mmHg D. blood pressure con trol in patie nts with

25、tolerable degree No more tha n E. The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: ASolution:the target young blood pressure control inhypertensive patients than in elderly patients with lower level. 12. The treatme nt of i nfective en docarditis, which of the followi ng is not true Early use of an t

26、ibiotics in A. B. adequate use of an tibiotics C. should choose bactericidal drugs D. antibiotics should be used for at least 46 weeks E.can be used only after receiving blood culture and drug sen sitivity test The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: E Solution: infective endocarditis antibi

27、otics should follow the following principles: early treatment; selecting effective microbicides; the dose, long course of treatment;thecomb in ati on of two or more tha n two kinds of an tibiotics. Medication can be started several times after continuous blood culture, without waiting for the result

28、s to start treatment.13. * * * subacute in fective en docarditis is the most com mon pathoge n A. hemolytic streptococcus B En terococcus B. C. Staphylococcus aureus D. green streptococci E. Candida albica ns The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: D Solutio n: subacute in fective en docardi

29、tis is the most com mon pathogen Streptococcus viridans; acute infectiveendocarditisis the most com mon pathoge n is Staphylococcus aureus. The clinicalmanifestations of the 14. * * * which of the followingis not infective endocarditis A. skin mucosa petechiae Facial butterfly erythema of B. C. D. a

30、n emia E. clubb ing The an swer you choose: The correct an swer is: B Solutio n: in fective en docarditis can appear mucocuta neous blood spots, splenomegaly,anemia, clubbingand other symptoms, facialbutterfly erythema is one of the sig ns of systemic lupus erythematosus. Three, the following provid

31、e a group of questions,each group of questionsused in front of theexam in ati on questi ons, A, B, C, D, E five alter native an swers. Please select a test and close the an swers from the correspondingletter, and the correspondingnumber on thean swer card, which bel ongs to the black box. Each alter native answer may be chosen once, many times, or not. (1517 questi onsshari ngalter nativean swers) A. captoprilNitre ndip ine, B. C. prazos in D. metoprolol E. in dapamide15.