一般过去时的讲解

1、1. 一般过去时(1) 一般过去时的概念、结构以及用法一般过去时用来表示过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态以及过去习惯性、反复性的动作。谓语动词要用动词的过去式，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday昨天、last night 昨晚、last week 上周、last year 去年，等。一般过去时主要表示过去的动作或状态。在句子中由主语+动词的过去式来表达。1. He walks to school.( 一般现在时)2. He walked to school.( 一般过去时)例1.中的动词 walks时现在式，由于主语是第三人称单数he,因此原因的walk必须加上 “ s” ,

2、表示目前习惯性、经常性动作。可译为“他现在经常步行上 学”。例2.中的动词walked是过去式，过去式是叙述过去事情的动词形式，所以这句话时表示的是过去的某时，例如昨天、上周或学生时代等过去的某一时间，这句可译为“他曾经步行上学”。(2) 般过去时的几种结构1. be动词的过去式am与 is的过去式是 wasare的过去式是 werebe动词的过去时的句型如下：*肯疋句：主语+be动词的过去式(was were ) *否定句：主语+ be动词的过去式(was, were ) + not 疑问句：be动词的过去式(was, were ) +主语?OHe was busy yesterday.(

3、肯定句)他昨天很忙。O He was not busy yesterday.( 否定句)他昨天不忙。OWas he busy yesterday?( 疑问句)他昨天忙吗？(1) be动词过去时的肯定句麦克去年在美国。Mike was in the United States last year.be动词的现在式和过去式：There is (are )的句型用于一般过去时需把is , are变为它们的过去式：There was (were) (2) be动词过去式的否定句He was not in Ca nada last year.他去年不在加拿大。be动词过去时的否定句的结构和现在时一样，只

4、要在be动词过去式(was, were )后面加上n ot就可以了。否定式的 was not , were n ot大多使用缩写形式 was nt和were nt .I wasn t busy the other day.前几天我不 忙。(3) be动词的过去时的疑问句(一般疑问句)Was it raining in Beiji ng yesterday?Yes, it was.No, it wasn t. I t was cloudy.昨天北京下雨了吗？是的，下了不，没下雨。昨天北京阴天。be动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一样，只要把be动词的过去式 was, were调到主语前面即

5、可。 was (were ) + 主语?回答时，需要用 Yes,was (were). 或 Ncwasn t (weren t)Was your father free this morning?今天上午你爸爸有空吗？Yes, he was .是的，他有空。No, he wasn t . 不，他没空。练习题一、 用be动词的适当形式填空1.Iat school just now.2.Heat the camp last week.3.Westude nts two years ago.4.Theyon the farm a mome nt ago.5.Yang Lingeleve n year

6、s old last year.6.Therean apple on the plate yesterday.7.Theresome milk in the fridge on Sun day.8.The mobile phoneon the sofa yesterday evening.2. 一般动词的过去时 一般动词过去式的基本句型如下:肯定句： 主语+动词的过去式否定句： 主语+ did not +动词原形疑问句：Did +主语+动词原形？肯定句）他上周打网了。O He played tennis last week.（O He did not play tennis last week

7、.（否定句）上周他没打网球。O Did he play tennis last week?（疑问句）上周他打网球了吗?规则动词的过去式1一般情况下，在动词原形后面加look t looked play t played-edo startt started visitt visitedpull-pulled, cook-cooked2. 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加live t lived use t used taste-tasted3. 以辅音字母+ y 纟吉尾的动词，先将y-d。改为i ,再加-edostudy t studied try t tried fly t flied4.

8、 以重读闭音节（即辅音+兀音+辅音）或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词， 要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加-edostop t stopped plan t planned prefer t preferred那么什么是重读闭音节？ 必须是重读音节 以一个辅音字母结尾 元音字母发短音总结来说就是：一元一辅，又重又短例子： beg drag drop drip （滴下）5.不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。(1) 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。如：beginbegan , drink drank , give gave, ring rang , sing sang, sitsat, swim

9、 swam(2) 把重读开音节 中的i改为o,变成过去式。如：drive drove， ride rode，write wrote(3) 改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。如：draw drew , grow grew , know knew , throw threw (动词 show 除夕卜， show showed)(4) 动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：get got, forget forgot(5) 动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。如：feedfed, meet met(6) 动词原形中的eep改为ept ,变成过去式。如：keep kept , sleep

10、slept , sweep swept(7) 动词原形中的eak改为oke ,变成过去式。如：breakbroke , speak spoke(8) 动词原形中的ell改为old ,变成过去式。如：sell sold , tell told(9) 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。如：sta nd stood , un dersta ndun derstood(10) 以ought和aught结尾，且读音是:t的过去式。如：bring brought , buy bought , think thought, catch caught , teach taught(11) 以ould结尾且

11、读音为ud的情态动词 过去式。如：can could , shall should , will would(12) 把动词原形中的 o改为a,变成过去式。如：come came , become became(13) 在动词原形后加 d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：hear heard , meanmeant(14) 动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：letlet , must must , putput , read read , costcost , cut cut , hit hit , put put , hurt hurt(15) 不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：am , is

12、was ,are were ,build built ,do did ,eat ate ,fall fell,feel felt, find found , fly flew , gowent ,have/ has had ,hold held ,leave left, make made ,may might,runran ,see saw ,take took ,say said 1. 一般动词过去式的肯定句We had a good time yesterday.昨天我们过得很愉快。He had a good time yesterday.昨天他过得很高兴。一样化。OI watched

13、TV for an hour.我看了一个小时的电视。O She studied Russia n two years ago.两年前他学俄语。2. 一般动词过去时的否定句We did not have a good time yesterday.昨天我们过得不好。一般动词过去时的否定句的结构和一般现在时够定句的结构一样，不论主语是第几人称，还是单、复数，在主语后面加上 did not（而不是do not ,或does not ）就可以了。否定式did not常用缩写形式didn t 。OHe didn t have classes this morning.今天上午他没课 .OYou didn

14、 t do your best to do it.你没有尽力去做。3. 一般动词过去时的疑问句Did he go there?他去那了吗？Yes, he did. （No, he didn t .）是的，他去了。（不，他没去。）When did you get up this morni ng?At six.今天早晨你几点钟起床的？六点钟。一般动词过去时一般疑问句的结构和一般现在时一般疑问句的结构一样，无论主语是第几人称，单数、复数，在主语前面加上did即可。O Did Tom go with you?汤姆和你一起去的吗？Yes, he did . （No, he didn t .）是的。（不

15、，不是的）O How many subjects did you study last term?上学期你们学习几门功课？We studied seve n. 我们学习七门课。比较一般动词的现在时和过去时般现在时一般过去时肯定句 I go .He goes .I went .He went .否定句I don t go .He doesn t go .I didn t go .He didn t go .疑问句Do you go ?Does he go ?Did you go ?Did he go ?（3）般过去时的几种用法1. 带有确定的过去时间状语时，要用过去时女口： yesterday

16、（ 昨天）,two days ago （两天前），last year（去年）.,the other day （前几天），once upon a time （过去曾经） ，just now（刚才），in the olddays （过去的日子里），before liberation（解放前），when I was 8 years old （当我八岁时）2. 表示过去一段时间内经常反复的动作。常与always, never等连用。O Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella.彼得太太过去老是带着一把伞。（只是说明她过去的动作，不表明她现在是否常带着 伞。）O Mrs

17、. Peter always carries an umbrella.彼得太太老是带着伞。（说明这是她的习惯，表明她现在仍然还习惯总带着一把伞。）3. 有些句子，虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存 在的状态的话，也要用过去时，这一点，我们要特别注意。OI didn t know you were in Pairs.我不知道你在巴黎。（因为在说话时，我已经知道你在巴黎了。这句话指的是说话前，所以只能用过去时表示。实际上，这句话暗指：But now I know you are here. ）OI thought you were ill.我以为你病了呢。（这句话应是在

18、说话前，我以为你病了，但是现在我知道你没病。）练习题一、请用正确动词形式填空1. He （live） in Wuxi two years ago.2. The cat （eat） a bird last ni ght.3. We （have） a party last Hallowee n. 44. Nancy （pick） up oran ges on the farm last week.5. I （make） a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They （play） chess in the classroom last PE less on.7.

19、My mother （cook） a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls （da nee） at the party last ni ght.9. I （watch） a cartoon on Saturday last week.10. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?11. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .12. Gao Shan (put) up the picture last night.13. I (sweep) the flo

20、or yesterday.14. 14. What she (find) in the garden last morning?15. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.16. Mike (not go) to bed until 12 o clock last night.17. I listened but (hear) nothing.18. How many people (be) there in your class last term?二、改错题1 How is Jane yesterday? 2 He go to school b

21、y bus last week. 3. He often goes home at 6:00 last month. 4 I can fly kites seven years ago. 5. Did you saw him just now. 三、按要求变换句型。1. Frank read an interesting book about history. (一般疑问句) Frank an interesting book about history?2. He cleaned his room just now. (划线提问) What he ?3. Thomas spent RMB 10 on this book. (否定句)Thomas RMB 10 on this book.4. My family went to the beach last week. (划线提问) family last week?仅供个人用于学习、研究；不得用于商业用途For personal use on