最新新世纪研究生英语教程——综合英语(第四版)北京理工大学出版社unit1、2、7、8、11TestA-TestB课后答案

1、精品文档unit1freefalling1.whatisthemainsubjectintroducedinparagraphone?itisthedescriptionoftheeffectofsayingfarewelltohisparents,friendsandfolksontheauthor.2.howisthestoryorganized?thestoryischronologicallyorganized(followingthetimesequenceinwhichtheeventunfoldeditself).3.howdidweckerlyfeelbeforethedayo

2、fhisdeparture?hefelteagerandexcitedtowaitforthedaytocome.4.howdidhismoodchangewhenthedayhadreallycome?attheverybeginninghebecamesentimentalaboutsayinggood-byetomanypeoplearoundhim.facingtherealityofbecomingindependent,hebegantofeelafraidanduncertain.5.whatdoyouthinkabouttheendingofthestory?itisveryi

3、mpressive.weckerlyendsthestorywithametaphorwhichcatchestheessenceoftheparticularmomentaccurately.hecompareshimselftoarookieskydiverpreparingforhisfirstplunge,whichleadstopossibleoutcomes:sheerexcitementoreventualdeath.thelastsentencehecloseshiseyes,takesadeepbreath,andjumpssymbolizesthefactthatfromt

4、hatdayontheauthorjumpsintothefutureofbeingindependentnomatterhowlongandcomplicatedtheroadtoitis.whatistheeffectofsayingfarewellandactualleavingontheauthor?whomdidtheauthorliketosaygood-byeto?whatwastheauthorsmoodlikebeforethedayofdepartureandafter?howdidhismothersmoodchangeduringhisbrunchwithher?wha

5、twasthesignificanceoftheparticulardaytotheauthor?精品文档精品文档suggestedsummarythetimeofsayinggood-byeandactualleavingmakesagreatimpactontheauthor,whichisfullydemonstratedintheopeningsentence.hegivesageneraldescriptionofhowhefeelsonthatparticularday,duringwhichhisownmoodchangesfromsheerexcitementforthepro

6、spectofbecomingindependentandfreetofearanduncertaintytoamixtureofboth.byhisbrunchingwithmomandsayinggood-byetoher,hemakesaverysmoothdepictionofthechangeofhismothersmoodfrombeingchattyandcheerfulatthebeginningtobeingquiet,evensomberasthefinalmomentcomes.tobringthestorytoitsclimax,theauthorendsthestor

7、ywithasymbolicdescription.hecompareshimselftoarookieskydiverpreparingforhisfirstplungethatleadstopossibleoutcomes:sheerexcitementoreventualdeath.nomatterwhatwillhappen,hecloseshiseyes,takesadeepbreathandjumpsintothefuture.unit2theneweconomicsofoil1.whywontoilpricesriseatalloverthelongtime?firstly,be

8、causeproducersneedthecashfromoiltoomuchtolettheirsupplybeinterruptedforlong.secondly,andmoreimportant,becausedemandgrowthcantpushpricesupwardaslongasitisbalancedbysupplygrowth.2.whycantthemembersoftheopecraiseoilprices?becauseiftheydo,non-opecsourceswillgrabmarketsharebydevelopingfieldswheretechnolo

9、gyhasmadeproductionaffordable.3.whyhavemostmajorscuttheircostsonoil?becausetechnologyletsthecompaniesmaintainhealthyearningsatsteadilyloweroilprices.4.whotakesaleadintheoilcompanies?thosethatmastertechnologyandefficiency,suchasshell,exxon,andbritishpetroleum.shouldweworryabouttheoilprice?精品文档精品文档wha

10、tisthemainreasonforoilpricetofall?israinwatershigh-pricetheoryright?whatinfluencesoilindustryprofitsmost?howwillloweroilpriceinfluencetheworldeconomy?suggestedsummarythearticleaimsatestablishingtheideathatoilpricewillnotriseevenasdemandsoars.tobeginwith,theauthorshowstheincreasingconsumptionofoilaro

11、undtheworldandtheimpactoftechnologyonoilindustry.bygivingseveralexamples,hedrawstheconclusionthattheneedforcashanddependenceontechnologyleadstothefactthatoilpriceswillevenfall.furthermore,technologicalupdating,slashingthecostsoffinding,producing,andrefiningoil,isalsoareasontosupporttheauthorspoint.t

12、hereisevidencethattechnologyletstheworldcompaniesmaintainhealthyearningsatloweroilprices.inconclusion,cheapoilacceleratestheworldeconomy,andadownsidepricescenarioisincreasinglylikely.1.inthefirstyearofpeace,lebanonsgdpsoaredbyalmost40%.(c)a.flewb.hoveredc.increasedd.decreased2.saicspreviousskirmishe

13、swithinvestigatorshadattractedlittleattention.(d)a.conflictsb.strugglesc.skatesd.arguments3.theboygrabbedholdofmybaganddisappearedquicklyintothecrowd.(c)a.seizedb.snappedc.snatchedd.sneaked精品文档精品文档4.althoughchicagohasfaredbetterthansomecities,unemploymentremainsaproblem.(a)a.gotonb.chargedc.offeredj

14、obsd.providedwelfare5.thedwarfsweredevastated,becausetheycouldnotfigureouthowtosavesnowwhitethistime.(d)a.calculateb.ratec.considerd.decide6.hisdistrustofthepowerofcriticsmadehimreadytogibeatdavidsylvester.(a)a.laughb.ridiculec.derided.taunt7.childrenaremostvulnerabletoabusewithintheirownhome.(a)a.u

15、nprotectedb.sensiblec.susceptibled.harmful8.shortofthepresidenthimself,probablynoonecouldhaveputtheamericancasemorepersuasively.(b)a.ratherthanb.otherthanc.lessthand.shortforunit7competitionisdestructive1.whyiscompetitiondestructiveaccordingtotheauthor?(para.3)accordingtotheauthor,competitionisdestr

16、uctivebecauseitunderminesself-esteem,poisonsrelationshipsandholdsusbackfromdoingourbest.2.whatarethepurposesofthegamesdevisedorcollectedbyorlickandothers?(para.6)精品文档精品文档theideaofthegamesdevisedorcollectedbyorlickandothersisforeachpersononthefieldtomakeaspecifiedcontributiontothegoal,orforalltheplay

17、erstoreachacertainscore,orforeveryonetoworkwiththeirpartnersagainstatimelimit.3.whatisthedifferencebetweenteamworkandteamcompetition?(para.8)thedifferencebetweenteamworkandteamcompetitionisthatinteamworkeveryoneonthefieldisworkingtogetherforacommongoal,whileinteamcompetitionagivenplayerworkswithandi

18、sencouragedtofeelwarmlytowardonlyhalfofthosepresent.4.whydomostkindsoffunrequirecompetition?(para.10,11,12)firstofall,peopledontknowanyotherwayorpeoplehavenevertastedthealternative.secondly,weoverlookthepsychologicalcostsofcompetition:itcausesself-doubtandfeelingsofself-worthbecomedependentonexterna

19、lsourcesofevaluation.5.whoistoblameforcompetition?itisthestructureofthegameitselfthatistoblameratherthantheindividuals,sinceitsetscompetitionattheverybeginning.directions:usethequestionsgivenbelowasaguidetowriteasummary.youcanrefertotask1andtask2.whatkindofgamesdoestheauthorusetoillustratethepoints?

20、whatsthesignificanceofchanginganopponentintoapartner?whatsthedifferencebetweenteamworkandteamcompetition?whatarethepossiblereasonsthatalargenumberofpeopleinsistthatwecantdowithoutwin/loseactivities?精品文档精品文档whatistherealproblem?suggestedsummarybyusingthegameofmusicalchairs,theauthorillustratesthatcom

21、petitionisdestructivenotonlyinourdailyworkbutalsoinentertainments.itisimportantandpossibletochangetheformofthegamebywayofturninganopponentintoapartner:everyoneonthefieldcanworktogetherforacommongoal(teamwork)insteadofcompetingwitheachother(teamcompetition).cooperativegamesandsportsprovidesatisfactio

22、nandchallengewithoutcompetition.thereasonthatalargenumberofpeopleinsistthatwecantdowithoutwin/loseactivitiesarethattheydontknowanyotherwayandthattheyoverlookthepsychologicalcostsofcompetitionandthetoxiceffectofcompetitiononourrelations.competitionisnotconducivetotrustanditmayleadonetolookatothersthr

23、oughnarrowedeyesandeveninviteoutrightaggression.weareinclinedtoblameindividualsforallthis,butitisthestructureofthegameitselfwhichcausescompetition.tosolvetheproblemofcompetition,weneedtobeteachingourchildrenhowtoenjoythemselveswithoutcompetition.identifyoneofthefourchoicesa,b,cordwhichbestkeepstheme

24、aningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.1.shehasbeeneliminatedfromtheswimmingracebecauseshedidnotwinanyofthepracticeraces.(c)a.gotoutb.takingawayc.gotridofd.drivingaway2.oneofthemajorflawsintheexistingsystemisthattheprosecutorhasimmunityfromlawsuitsclaimingmaliciousprosecution.(b)a.usefulb.spitefulc.harmle

25、ssd.cheerful3.theydefineagoodpatientasonewhoacceptstheirstatementsandtheiractionsuncriticallyandunquestioningly.(a)精品文档精品文档a.characterizeb.confinec.fixd.limit4.robertspoorphysicalconditioncombinedwithnagginginjuriespreventedhimfromplayingmorethan51gamesinthepastfourseasons.(a)a.troublingb.followingc

26、.complainingd.accompanying5.constantcorrectionbyateacherisoftencounterproductive,asthestudentmaybecomeafraidtospeakatall.(c)a.evilb.notproductivec.unfavorabled.hurting6.forcenturieswewomenhavegloatedovertheonenegativeaspectofagingmoreevidentinmenthanwomen:balding.(b)a.praisedb.feltmaliciouslysatisfi

27、edwithc.feltsorryford.expressedgreatpleasureof7.intheconduciveatmospherearoundthefort,generalbradleyimmediatelyfoundoutabouttheplot.(d)a.goodb.suitablec.fitd.favorable8.itsastoryofaharmfuldynamicbetweenwhiteprejudiceandblackautonomy.(c)精品文档精品文档a.stateofmovementb.politicalforcec.competingorconflictin

28、gsystemd.socialsystem9.gandhirejectsoutrightclaimsmadeconcerningthesuperiororinferiorstatusofreligions.(b)a.ovreallb.directc.obscured.ambiguous10.myfirstbosswasareallynastyperson,whoseemedtoenjoymakinglifedifficultforeveryone.(c)a.graveb.sorrowfulc.uglyd.pitifulunit8powertothepeople1.whatistheauthor

29、sattitudetowardsalternativeenergy?thewriterbelievesthatalternativeenergywillplaymoreimportantrolesinthefuture.2.whatadvantagesdoespvhave?ithasthesimplestandmosteleganttechnologytoharnessthepowerofthesun,beingeasytoinstallandrequiringminimalmaintenance.3.whatadvantagesdoeshydropowerhave?itisaclean,re

30、newablesourceofenergythatofferscheapelectricity.精品文档精品文档4.whatarethemaindisadvantagesofwindpower?noise,negativeimpactsonlocaltourism,potentialdisruptiontowildlife.5.whyarefuelcellsconsideredzeroemissionandpreferredbysomegovernments?theyreleaseonlywatervapourintotheatmosphere.theyareeconomicalandrequ

31、irelittlemaintenanceaswellasnorecharging.summarizethetext.whatwillbethemainmeanstopowerourmodernsocieties?whyisitsourgenttofindalternativeenergy?whatisthefutureofsolarpower,windpowerandhydropower?whatarethefinalsolutionstomansenergyneeds?suggestedsummaryinthearticlepowertothepeople,theauthormarktown

32、sendstatesthatsolarpower,windturbinesandothersourcesofcleanpowerarenowpreparedtotaketheplaceoffossilfuelsandbecomethemainmeanstopowerourmodernsocieties.heliststworeasonscontributingtomanshotpursuitofalternativesourcesofenergy.oneistheenvironmentaldeficienciesoffossilfuels.anotheristhecrucialprogress

33、madebyusingnewtechnology.accordingtothewriter,anewgenerationofwafer-thinphotovoltaicsolarpanelswillleadtoagreatfutureofthesolarenergy.inaddition,ifthestrengthofroughseascanbebroughtundercontrol,waterpowerislikelytobeanothermajorrenewableenergy.thirdlywindpowercanalsobenefitourlifeifwecaneliminatethe

34、negativeimpactsontheenvironment.finally,theauthorassumesthatasanidealcleanenergy,fuelcellswillbetheanswertothefutureenergyneeds.identifyoneofthefourchoicesa,b,cordwhichbestkeepsthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordorphrase.精品文档精品文档1.atthepressconference,theywerescramblingtogivetheimpressionthatthesituationw

35、asincontrol.(b)a.searchingb.strugglingc.crowdingd.exciting2.writtenoffagainandagain,hehasprovedphenomenalinresilienceandpoliticalcraftiness.(c)a.notableb.tangiblec.extraordinaryd.sensible3.thisnewshassentawaveofpanicthroughtheworldwhichtomeseemswayoutofproportion.(a)a.farb.meanc.simplyd.away4.downto

36、wnbusinessownerssaytheywantthecityshomelesssheltermovedtoalessconspicuouslocation.(d)a.confrontedb.fantasticc.confidentd.noticeable5.overthepastyear,linuxhasmadesignificantinroadsintoembeddeddesignsrequiringrich,highperformancenetworking.(c)a.mademoneyb.madeachievementsc.madeadvancesd.madeprogress6.

37、theimportantthingistoharnessgrowthtoself-knowledge,areadyacceptanceofchange,swift-movingbusinesspracticeandsoundjudgment.(b)a.makeuseb.controlc.produced.escape7.wearetheoneswillingandabletorunanobstaclecoursefilledwithhurdlesthatwemustcompletebeforeanyoneelse.(a)精品文档精品文档a.barriersb.blessc.reportsd.h

38、andouts8.ihaventbeenabletoorientmyideastothenewconditionssinceiworkedabroadthreemonths.(b)a.changeb.adjustc.directd.organize9.thecompanyofficewasinundatedwithtelegramsofcongratulationsonthetenthanniversaryofitsfoundation.(b)a.overjoyedb.floodedc.crowdedd.satisfied10.hehaddrawnacontradictoryconclusio

39、ninhisthesisbecausehepinnedhisfaithonanabsurdity.(d)a.decidedb.practicedc.dependedd.placedunit11londonbridgeisfallingdownanswerthefollowingquestionsbrieflyaccordingtothetext.1.whythemillenniumbridgewasshutdownsoonafterithadopenedtothepublic?feedbackbecauseitkeptvibratingwhenpeoplewalkedonit.2.whatha

40、ppenedtotheinternet?theinternetbecameparalyzedduetomanyattacksmadebyanonymoushackers.精品文档精品文档3.whywasthesteamboatactnotestablisheduntil1838?thiswasduetotwomajorcauses.first,peopledidnotfigureoutwhatcausedtheexplosionofthesteamboatuntil1837.second,thegovernmentdidnotattachenoughimportancetotheproblem

41、.4.whatdoesthecongressmanmeanbysayingletthegovernmentattendtoitsownbusiness,andletthepeopleattendtotheirs.?thecongressmanmeansitisthepeoplesdutybutnotthegovernmentstosetstandardsforproducing,maintainingandinspectingsteamboilers.5.whatstheauthorsopinionofthehigh-techcrises?thoughthehigh-techcrisesare

42、inevitable,humanswillalwayslookforwaystotacklethemandwillnevergiveupexploringintotheunknownfieldsofscience.summarizethetext.whathavegonewrongwithsomenewhigh-techinnovations?whatisthewritersopinionofthesehigh-techcrises?whydoesthewriterreviewtheestablishmentofthesteamboatact?howdopeopledealwithtechni

43、caltroublenow?willpeoplecontinuetomakeattemptsatnewtechnologiesinthefuture?suggestedsummarybyhighlightingtwotechnologicalcrises,i.e.theswayingmillenniumbridgeandthecripplinginternet,thewritersuccessfullydrawsthereadersattentiontothesomewhatembarrassingproblemswithsomenewhigh-techinnovations.thewrite

44、rarguesthatthesecrisesareinevitablebecausetheinnovationsleadusintotheunexploredworldofscience.withalookbackontheestablishmentofthe精品文档精品文档steamboatact,thewriterindicatesthattheimprovementofanyhigh-techinnovationwillgothroughalongandslowprocess.fortunately,wearenowabletorespondmorequicklytothedangerofnewtechnologies,andhavebecomeincreasinglysk