小学六年级英语必须要掌握的语法知识点

1、小学六年级英语必须要掌握的语法知识点 一、名词复数形式规则 1. 一般情况下，直接加-s,女口： book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2. 以 o.s. x. sh. ch 结尾，力口-es,女口： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3 .以“辅音字母y”结尾，变 y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4. 以“ f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives leafleaves 5.

2、不规则名词复数： man-menwoman-womenpoliceman-policemen policewoman-policewomen child-children foot-feet tooth-teeth fish-fish people-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese 练习、写出下列各词的复数 her _ I him this watch child photo diary _ day_ foot book _ dress _ tooth_ sheep box _ strawberry peach s a n d w i c h _

3、 _dish_ bus man_ woman 二、一 般现在时 1. 一般现在时的功能 CD表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如： I get up at six o clock every day. 我天天六点起床。 3 表示客观现实。如： The earth goes around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 2 .一般现在时的构成 肯定句：a. be动词：（有一顺口溜体现了它的用法：我用am，你用are , is用于他，她，它，单数is，复数are.。） 主语+ be（am /is/are）+ 其他如： I

4、 am a boy. 我是一个男孩。 b.行为动词（实义动词）：主语+行为动词+其他除主语是第三人称单数外， 都用动词原形；当主语是第三人称时，则在行为动词词尾加 -s或-es。 如： We study English. 我们学习英语。 She goes to work by bike. 她骑自行车去上班。 否定句：a.主语 + be（am /is/are） +not + 其他 女口： I am not a boy. b.主语 +dont/doesnt+ 行为动词原形 + 其他 女口： We don study English. She doesnt go to work by bike. 3

5、 一般疑问句 ： a. Be（Am /Is /Are）+ 主语+ 其他? 简 略 回 答 ： （ 肯 ） Yes, 主 语 + be（am /is/are）. （ 否 ） No, 主 语 + be（am /is/are）+not. 如：Are you a boy?你是一个男孩吗？（肯）Yes,I am.（否）No, Im not. b. Do/Does+ 主语+ 其他? 简略回答：（肯）Yes,主语 + do/does.（否）No,主语 + dont/doesnt. 如：Do you study English?（肯）Yes,we do.（否）No, we don .- Does she go

6、 to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句？如：a. be动词：Who are you? b. 行为动词： What do you do? How does she go to work? 3. 动词三单的变化规则（即“如何从动词原形变为第三人称单数”） 一般情况下，直接加-s,如：cook-cooks get-gets 以 o.s.x.sh.ch 结尾,直接力口 -es，如： wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，

7、如：study-studies 一般现在时用法专练 : 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink go _ stay _ make _ look have_ pass_ _ carry come watch_ _ plant _ fly _ study _ brush do teach wash 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often (have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy (be) in Class One. 3. We (not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick (not go) to the zoo

8、 on Sunday. 5. they (like) the World Cup? 6. What they often (do) on Saturdays? 7. your pare nts(read) n ewspapers every day? 8. The girl(teach) us En glish on Sun days. 9. She and I(take) a walk together every eve ning. 10. There(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike(like) cooki ng. 12. They(have)

9、 the same hobby. 13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always(do) your homework well. 15. I(be) ill. I m staying in bed. 16. She(go) to school from Mon day to Friday. 17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE. 18. The child ofte n(watch) TV in the eve ning. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight less on

10、s this term. 20. What day(be) it today? It s Saturday 三、现在进行时 1. 现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内 的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2. 现在进行时的构成：be+动词的ing现在分词形式。 肯定句：主语+be动词+动词ing+其他。如：We are studying. 否定句：主语+be动词+not+动词ing+其他。如:We aren t studying. 一般疑问句：Be动词+主语+动词ing+其他。如：Are you study in g? 肯定回答：Yes+主语+be动词。如：Yes,we

11、are. 否定回答：No+主语+be动词+not。如：No,we aren . （注：isnot可以缩写成isn , tare n ot可以缩写成aren ,t但是am not在 现代英语中不可以缩写。） 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句？如： What are you doi ng? 现在分词的变化规则 1. 一般情况下，直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking think-thinking 2 .以不发音的字母e结尾的单词,去掉字母e ,再加ing如： make-maki ng have-hav ing 3. 以重读闭音节（重读闭音节即两个辅音中间夹一个元音并且重读的音节） 结尾，

12、呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 如: stop-stopping sit-sitting run-running 4以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y，再加ing die-dying lie-lying 现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play run swim make go like write study read have sing dan ce put see buy love live take come get stop sit beg in shop 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1. The boy（ draw）a pictu

13、re now. 2. Listen .Some girls ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What you ( do ) now? 5. Look . They ( have) an English lesson . 6. They (not ,water) the flowers now. 7. Look! the girls (dance )in the classroom . 8. What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to

14、 music. 9. It s 5 o clock now. We (have)supper now 10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 四、一般将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或预备做某事。 句中 一般 有以 下时 间 状语 ： tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ),so on, the day after tomorrow(后天)等。 二、基本结构：肯定句：a.主语+shall/will+do+其他。(will可用于所有人 称， shall 只用于第一人称 I 和 we) 如： I

15、 will go swimming tomorrow. b. 主语+ be going to + do+ 其他。(注意： be 动词要与主语的人称和数一 致)如： I am going to go swimming tomorrow. 否定句：a.主语 +shall/will+not+do ( will not 可缩写成 won t) b. 主语+ be+ not+ going to +do 如： I won t go swimming tomorrow. I am not going to go swimming tomorrow. 一般疑问句：a. Shall/Will+ 主语 + do+

16、 其他？ b. Be+ 主语 +goi ng to+do+ 其 他 ？ 如 ： Will you go swimming tomorrow? Are you going to go swimming tomorrow ？ 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句？如： What will you go tomorrow? What are you going to do tomorrow? 练习填空。 1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I have a picnic with my friends. I have a picnic with my friends. 2. 我们将要学习英语 We le

17、arn English. We learn English. 五、一般过去时 1一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去 的时间状语连用，如：yesterday , yesterday morning , yesterday after noon , yesterday evening ， the day before yesterday ( 前 天 ) ， last night ， last week ， last month ， last year 等。 一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复 发生的动作。 2一般过去式的基本结构： Be 动词在一般过去时中的变化： am禾口

18、 is在一般过去时中变为 was。( was not=wasn t) are 在一般过去时中变为 were。( were not=weren t) 肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其他。如：I was in Sha nghai last mon th. 上个月我在上海。 We went to Shanghai last month. 我们上个月去了上海。 否定句：a主语+ wasn t/weren t+其他。 如: I wasn t in Shanghai last month. b.主语+ did n t + 动词原形 +其他。(did + not = did nt) 如： We didn tgo

19、 to Shanghai last month. 3 一般疑问句 : a. Was/Were+ 主语+其他？ 如： Were you in Shanghai last month? b. Did +主语+ 动词原形 +其他？如： Did you go to Sha nghai last mon th? 4 特殊疑问句： 特殊疑问词 +一般疑问句？如： Where were you last month? Where did you go last month? 动词过去式变化规则： 1一般情况下，在动词原形后面加 -ed; 如： looklooked play played start sta

20、rted visit visited 2. 以不发音e结尾的动词，在词尾直接加-d ;女如: live lived use used 3. 以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词，先将y改为i ,再加-ed ;如：study studied, try tried fly flied 4. 以重读闭音节(即辅音+元音+辅音)或r音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅 音字母的动词，要先双写这个辅音字母后，再加 - ed， 如： stopstopped plan planned 5. 不规则动词过去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave,

21、 get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat 练习一、写出下列动词的过去式 is/am plant are drink play go make does dance worry ask taste eat put kick pass do 练习二、用 be 动词的适当形式填空 1. I at school j

22、ust now. 2. He at the camp last week. 3. We students two years ago. 4. They on the farm a moment ago. 5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year. 6. There an apple on the plate yesterday. 7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday. 8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening. 练习三、用所给动词的适当形式填空 1.

23、I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night. 3. We to zoo yesterday, we to the park. (go) 4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he . 6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last Nati onal Day holiday. 7.1(sweep) the floor yesterd

24、ay, but my mother. 8. What she (find) in the garden last morning? She (find) a beautiful butterfly. 六、人称代词和物主代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 人 称 代 词 主格 I we you you she he it they 宾格 me us you you her him it them 物 主 代 词 形容词 性 my our your your her his its their 名词 mi ne ours yours yours hers his

25、 its theirs 人称代词指代人或物，在句中作主语或宾语，所以有主格和宾格。 宾格代词用于替代处于宾语位置上的名词，可以用作直接宾语和间接宾 语。 如：I am a student. （I 主语） Please help me. （me 直 接宾语） Give me a book. （me 间接宾语） 物主代词是表示所有关系的一种代词，亦称所有格代词。物主代词有两种 形式：形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 形容词性物主代词为限定词，放在名词或名词短语前作定语。 如： This is my book. 名词性物主代词起名词的作用，后面不可以再接名词。在句子中可以作主 语、宾语或表语。 如

26、 : Your pen is red. Mine is black. 你的钢笔是红色的 ,我的是黑色的。 He didn t use his ink. He used mine. 他没有用他自己的墨水，他用了我的。 习题一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is very big. ( I ) 2. The dress is . Give it to . ( she ) 3. Is this watch? (you) No, it s not . ( I ) 4. is my brother. name

27、is Jack. Look! Those stamps are . ( he ) 二、用 am, is, are 填空 1. I a boy. you a boy? No, I not. 2. The girl Jacks sister. 3. The dog tall and fat. 4. The man with big eyes a teacher. 5. your brother in the classroom? 6. Where your mother? She at home. 7. How your father? 8. Mike and Liu Tao at school.

28、 9. Whose dress this? 10. Whose socks they? 七、形容词、副词的比较级和最高级 （一）构成规则 1 一般单音节词和少数以 -er ，-ow 结尾的双音节词， 比较级在后面加 -er ， 最高级在后面加 -est （1） 单音节词 女口： small smaller smallest short shorter shortest （ 2 ）双音节词 如： clever cleverer cleverest narrow narrower narrowest 2 .以不发音e结尾的单音节词，比较在原级后加-r，最高级在原级后加 -st 如： largela

29、rgerlargest nice nicernicest 3在重读闭音节（即：辅音元音辅音）中，先双写末尾的辅音字母， 比较级加-er，最高级加-est;女口： big bigger biggest hot hotter hottest fat fatterfattest 4 .以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的双音节词，把y改为i,比较级加-er，最高 级力口 -est 女口： easy easiereasiest heavy heavier heaviest busy busierbusiest happy happierhappiest 5 .其他双音节词和多音节词，比较级在前面加more，最高

30、级在前面加 most 如 ： beautiful more beautiful most beautiful different more different most different easily more easily most easily 注意：（1）形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词the,副词最高级前可不 用。 如： The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world. （ 2） 形容词 most 前面没有 the ,不表示最高级的含义,只表示 非常 。 It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem. 6有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的,必须熟记。 女口： good t better 宀 best well 宀 better 宀 best bad 宀 worse 宀 worst ill 宀 worse t worst old t older/elder t oldest/eldest many/much t more t most littletlesstleast far tf