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1、 48个国际音标发音规则元音12个单元音长元音i:u:a:短元音iue8个双元音aieiiiuau辅音10对清辅音ptkfs trts浊辅音bdgvz drdz3个鼻音mn3个似拼音hrl2个半元音wj单元音/i/-发音要领的是:舌尖抵下齿,舌前部抬高,舌两侧抵上齿两侧,口形偏平。/i:/-发音要领是发音时舌尖抵下齿,前舌尽量抬高、舌位高于/i/:口形扁平。/e/-发音时舌尖抵下齿,舌前部稍抬起,舌位比/i:/低;唇形中常,开口度比/i:/大。/-发音时舌尖抵下齿;舌前部稍抬高,舌位比/e/更低;双唇平伸,成扁平形。/-/是长元音。发音时口张大,舌身压低并后缩,后舌稍隆起,舌尖不抵下齿。双唇稍
2、收圆。/-发音时口张大,舌身尽量降低并后缩,双唇稍稍收圆。/-它是长元音。发音时舌后部抬得比/即美式/美式/高,双唇收得更圆更小,并向前突出。/u/-发音时舌后部抬起,舌身后缩,舌尖离开下齿。双唇收圆,稍突出。/-发音时舌后部尽量抬起,舌位比/u/即美式读音/英式读音/高。双唇收圆并突出。口形比/u/稍小。/-发音时舌尖和舌端两侧轻触下齿,舌后部靠前部分稍抬起,唇形稍扁,开口度较大,与/相似。/-/是长元音。发音时舌中部比发/音时略高。双唇扁平。/-/是读短元音。发音时舌身平放,舌中部略隆起,双唇扁平。单元音发音练习i: Bb Cc Dd Ee Gg Pp Tt Vv Zz bee see m
3、eet Chinese easy eat tea sea free green he cream me need teacher these three we key beate Ff L l Mm Nn Ss Xx set pen bed bread breakfast desk egg eleven every festival friend head lesson let next red second seven smell sell lest i big difficult dinner dictionary eleven English eraser excuse fifth ge
4、ography finish his busy it milk picture six thin trip with strict dish her birthday first girl hers purple shirt skirt term third thirteen thirty curly bird term turn dirty early learn person birn world work hello color number sister ago after August breakfast brother dallar about library November p
5、arent player across American unless forget panda all ball always August daughter for four morning short sport store talk your also draw forty hall horse more story order quarter water what orange not mom dog box watch lost on clock moddle soccer volleyball body want long from forest hospital hot job
6、 popular shop sorryu: afternoon moon cool do who food fruit juice room school shoe too drew group soup move noodle pool rule ruler tooth zoo blue full June u July woman put would should could good foot stood wood wool took book look cooka: afternoon class are art ask aunt card last bar March park st
7、ar answer car dance far farmer fast guitar large mark past smart mark an at apple bag bad bat can fat grandma fan habit happy has January map math Saturday camp flag hand language panda relax sandy brother but bus color cousin cup fun much us mother number some club country dumpling front hundred ju
8、mp just luckily run summer study 双元音/ei/-先发/e/音,然后滑向/i/音。双唇稍扁,口形从半开到合。/-它由元音/滑向后元音/u/即美音和英音的/,舌位由半低到高,口形由半开到小。注意将音发足。/ai/-/ai/为双元音。先发/a/音,然后滑向/i/音。舌尖抵住下齿。发此音的关键是要把/a/音发足,注意从开到合的滑动。/au/-/au/或/由/a/滑向/u/。舌位由低到高,口形由大到小。注意将音发足。/i/-发音时双唇从圆到扁,口形从开到合。发好这个音的关键是首先要把后元音/a/发足,然后滑向/i/音。/i/-其发音要领是从/i/音滑向/音,美音则滑向/
9、r/音。前面的/i/发得较清楚,后面的/或/r/较弱。双唇始终半开。此音一定要发足。/-其发音方法是从/e/音滑向/音。发间时舌端抵下齿,前舌略抬起,双唇半开,此音中的/有似于/e/音,/音较轻。/u/-发音时,嘴唇从收圆到半开。发好这个音的关键是首先要把/u/音发足,然后滑向/音。辅音/p/ /b/-/p/是p的发音,/b/是b的发音。双唇爆破辅音。发音时双唇紧闭,憋住气,然后突灰分开,气流冲出口腔,发出爆破音。/p/是清辅音,声带不振动;/b/是浊辅音,声带振动。/t/ /d/-/t/是t的发音,/d/是d的发音。舌齿爆破辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,憋住气,然后突然分开,使气流冲出口腔,发出
10、爆破音。/t/是清辅音,声带不振动;/d/是浊辅音,声带振动。/k/ /-/k/是字母k和字母c的发音,/是字母g的读音。舌后软颚爆破辅音。发音时舌后部隆起紧贴软颚,憋住气,然后突然分开,气流送出口腔,形成爆破音。/k/是清辅音,声带不振动;/是浊辅音,声带振动。/f/ /v/-/f/是f和ph的发音,/v/是v的发音。唇齿摩擦辅音。发音时下唇轻触上齿,气流由唇齿间通过,形成摩擦音。/f/是清辅音,声带不振动;/v/是浊辅音,声带振动。/ /-/是th的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖轻触上齿背,气流由舌齿间送出,形成摩擦音。/是清辅音,声带不振动;/是浊辅音,声带振动。/s/ /z/-/s/z
11、/是s的发音,/z/又是z的发音。舌齿摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈,气流由舌端齿龈间送出,形成摩擦音。/s/是清辅音,声带不振动;/z/是浊浦音,声带振动。/ /-/是sh的发音,/是s的发音。舌端齿龈后部摩擦辅音。发音时舌端靠近齿龈后部,舌身抬起靠近上鄂,双唇稍收圆并略突出。气流通过时形成摩擦音。/是清辅音,声带不振动;/是浊辅音,声带振动。/h/-/h/是字母h的发音。声门摩擦辅音。发音时气流送出口腔,在通过声门时发出轻微摩擦;口形随其后的元音而变化。/h/是清辅音,声带不振动。/m/-/m/是m的发音。双唇鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂,双唇紧闭,气流从鼻腔送出。/n/-/n/是n的发音。舌尖齿
12、龈鼻辅音。发音时舌尖抵上齿龈,软颚下垂,气流从鼻腔送出。/-/是ng的发音。舌后软颚鼻辅音。发音时软颚下垂,堵住口腔通道,气流从鼻腔送出。声带振动。/w/-/w/是w的发音。舌后软颚半元音。发音时舌后部向软颚抬起,舌位高。双唇收小并向前突出,声带振动。发音短促,立刻滑向其后的元音。/l/-/l/是l的发音。舌端齿龈边辅音。发音时舌尖及舌端紧贴上齿龈,舌前向硬颚抬起,气流从舌的旁边送出。当此音为尾音时,将舌端抵住上齿龈,舌前下限,舌后上抬,舌面形成凹形。浊辅音、声带振动。/r/-/r/是r的发音。舌尖齿龈(后部)摩擦辅音。发音时舌尖卷起,靠近上齿龈后部。舌两侧稍收扰。双唇略突出。气流通过舌尖和齿
13、龈形成轻微摩擦。浊辅音,声带振动。/j/-/j/传统的国际音标的读音符号该音是国音字母y在词首的读音,是舌前硬颚半元音。发音时舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,舌位较高,双唇伸展成扁平状。它是个浊辅音,声带振动。/-/是ch的发音,/是dge的发音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。发音时舌身抬高,舌端抵上齿龈后部,气流通过时发出破擦音。/是清辅音,声带不振动;/是浊辅音,声带振动。/ts/ /dz/传统的国际音标读音符号,新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在内,破擦音/ts/、/dz/分别是字母组合ts和ds的读音。舌端齿龈破擦辅音。舌端先贴住齿龈,堵住气流,然后略下降,气流送出口腔。/ts/是清辅音,/dz/是浊辅音
14、。/tr/ /dr/传统的国际音标读音符号。新课本中美式、英式读音都没将其包括在内。/tr/、/dr/分别是tr、dr的发音。齿龈后部破擦辅音。发音时舌身与/r/相似,舌尖贴齿龈后部,气流冲破阻碍发出短促的/t/后立即发/r/。/tr/是清辅音,/dr/是浊辅音。字母及字母组合的发音i:字母组合 ee ea e ie -three tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece 发音字母 a-bag hand and ant happy hat map
15、 mad bad black back glad flag shall mane字母组合 ea e a-head bread pleasure elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any字母组合 ir ur ear er or-girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burger learn earn earth heard 字母组合 er or ou a
16、r o a e u-teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder doctor actor mayor author tractor delicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today lesson control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada a: 字母组合 ar a-car farm card arm garden fast class last glass plant
17、 aunt calm发音字母 u o ou oo-up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus come mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourish blood flood字母组合 al or au our ar-small wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumn four mourn court bought warm q
18、uarrel quarter发音字母 o a-hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not want wash watchu:字母组合 oo o u-food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prudeu字母组合 oo ou u o-look good foot book wood should could put full bull pull push woman wolfei发音字母 a ay ea ai ey-name cake la
19、te gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plain they greyai发音字母 i y-bike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eyeau字母组合 ou ow-house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town发音字母 o ow oa-home cold go no phone host ghost know low be
20、low grow blow show flow boat coat goali字母组合 eer ear-beer deerear near here fierce idea字母组合 ear air ere-pear bear chair air fair there where careu字母组合 our ower-hour tour flower showert two ten ton town twenty cityd door dull desk dose do dog dictionaryk king kite key look cook book kitchen sky g girl
21、 good goal goat grade long languagem man make moon morning move come combn pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean uncle bank English think thank junksing king morning l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soulr read red right run room writef five fly fine flag frog fog roof kni
22、fe life wife cough laugh rough v very evening even every voice vest ofs six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those that this those these though sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention h hot hop home house horse how who w w
23、hen what where window wind wood j yes year yell you your yolk yellow child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk tr tree country try treat track trunk dr dry dream drop drive drink ts students boots boats goats nuts dz go
24、ods woods moods hoods 音标练习题 26个英文字母及发音音标如下:A a eiB b bi:C c si: D d di:E e i:F f ef G g d3i:H h eitI i ai J j d3eiK k keiL l el M m emN n enO o u P p pi:Q q kju:R r : S s esT t ti:U u ju: V v vi:W w dblju:X x eks Y y waiZ z zi:zed1、 元音字母在开音节和闭音节的读音(1)开音节:如果每一段字母组合结尾是“辅音字母+元音字母”,那就叫开音节 be ; me ; she
25、; China ; my ; no ; go ; student ; (2)闭音节: 如果字母组合段结尾是“元音字母+辅音字母(r除外)”,那就叫做闭音节 man ; red ; pen; big; not; sun;元音字母重读非重读绝对开音节相对开音节闭音节aeieiei:i:eiiaiaiiiouuu(j)u:(j)u:或u 字母组合oo发短音/u/的单词有:classroom, bedroom, good, foot, stood (understood), wood, wool, took, book, look, cook. 我们可记忆为:教室、卧室、好、脚、站在木毛上,遇到老K发
26、短音,我们只须把它作为口诀来背诵。 另外,同学们特别要注意room和classroom中字母组合oo的发音的区别,我们可以记忆为长词发短音,即classroom /u/, 短词发长音room /u:/.a 与an区别,有一条就是an要跟在元音音素前,而a要跟在辅音音素前。三,例子A: Aa 1ei a在开音节中:发字母音,后面有不发音的eface脸 grade年级;cake蛋糕; lake湖; make制造;take拿到;snake蛇; name名字; same相同;plane飞机;grapes葡萄;date日期; Kate 凯特; 2 a在闭音节中: black黑色的; dad爸爸; sad
27、悲伤的; bag书包; am是;Sam萨姆 lamp灯; a一(个-);can能; fan电风扇;man男人;and和; hand手; thank感谢; map地图; B: Ee 1i: e在开音节中:发字母音 be是;he他;she她;me我;we我们; these这些;Chinese汉语; 2e e在闭音节中: bed 床; red红色的; leg腿; spell拼写; hen母鸡; then那么;when什么时候; pen钢笔; ten十; C: Ii 1.ai i在开音节中:发字母音 hi 喂; I我; ice冰;nice好的;rice米饭;ride骑;beside在-旁边;bike自
28、行车; like喜欢;time时间;fine(身体)好; nine九;white白色的; write写; kite风筝; five五;drive驾驶 2i i在闭音节中: which 哪一个;chick小鸡;sick病的; big大的;pig猪;milk牛奶; him他; swim游泳; in在-里面; begin开始; sing唱歌; pink粉红色;drink喝;ship轮船; is是; his他的;this这个; fish鱼; D:Oo 1.u o在开音节中:发字母音 go去;no不;so这样,这么;phone电话机;those那些;close关闭;nose鼻子; rose玫瑰花 hom
29、e家 rope绳子 hole洞 2 o在闭音节中; clock钟; dog狗; on在-上面; long长的; song歌曲;shop商店; stop 停止; hot热的; not不; donkey驴 hop双脚跳 3. o mother妈妈 brother哥哥,弟弟 come来 some一些 other其他的 stomach胃,肚子 Monday星期一 E:Uu 1. ju: u在开音节中:发字母音 excuse 原谅;use使用; 2 u在闭音节中:much 很; jump跳; run跑; sun太阳; up向上; cup小茶杯;but但是 bus公交车; umbrella雨伞; hund
30、red百; cut剪,切;mum妈妈;under在下面; underline在number数字; understand理解 1. 找出画线部分读音不同的单词( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map( ) 3. A. warm B. garden C. market D. party( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good( ) 5. A. book B. moody C. look D. cook( ) 6. A. June B. r
31、uler C. put D. menu( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. sun D. ugly( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot( ) 10.A. like B. lion C. pizza D. Friday2.找出划线字母和所给音标读音相同的选项。( ) 1. /i:/ A eat B ear( ) 2. /i/ A bike B fish( ) 3. /e/ A bed B eraser( ) 4./ A face B cat( ) 5./u/ A foot
32、B room( ) 6./u:/ A good B ruler( ) 7./a:/ A arm B bus( ) 8./ / A duckB bat 3. 写出与之相对应的字母 ei i: ai u ju: 4.找出单词中元音字母字母与其他三个读音不同的单词。 ( )1.A. cake B. name C. grade D. hat ( )2. A. he B. bed C. leg D. get ( )3. A. home B. nose C. go D. not ( )4. A. duck B. bus C. blue D. mug ( )5. A. nice B. big C. six
33、D. Miss元音音标即元音音素,英语中共有20个元音音素。20个元音音素对应元音音素例子: 1) i: sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2) isit, build, miss, myth 3) e bed, desk, head, 4) bad, land, bank, stamp 5) a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6) hot, want 7) : door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8) u: good, who, blue,
34、 soup, 9) u look, put, women, could 10) cup, come, blood, rough 11) : girl, work, serve, nurse 12) cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13) ei cake, they, play, eight, great, 14) ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15) u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16) au h
35、ouse, town 17) i boy, oil 18) i dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) pear, care, there, fair 20) u tour, poor, 读单词,划线部分字母或字母组合相同,在括号里写S,不同写T。1. five nice ( ) 2. bed we ( ) 3. stop know ( ) 4. peak eat ( ) 5. dish hi ( ) 6. kettle zest ( ) 7. gas as ( ) 8. van father ( ) 9. egg he ( ) 10. ask park ( )
36、 11. sun hungry ( ) 12. cut put ( )13. come from ( ) 14. thank that ( ) 15. mom room ( ) 16. send ten ( ) 17. Usually ugly ( ) 18. bird mirror ( )19. learn shirt ( ) 20. juice who ( ) 21. hook foot ( ) 22. woof wood ( )23 drop pot ( ) 24. short shirt ( ) 1. wait play ( ) 2. cake apple ( ) 3. train b
37、ag ( ) 4. make name ( ) 5. like little ( ) 6. pine side ( ) 7. try fly ( ) 8. pain pine ( ) 9. boy my ( ) 10. toy joy ( ) 11. go no ( ) 12. so do ( )13. know now ( ) 14. rose not ( ) 15. how house ( ) 16. sour flower ( ) 17. dear bear ( ) 18. pear near ( )19. deer cheer ( ) 20. pair chair ( ) 21. ha
38、mburger thank( ) 22. pig big ( ) 23. her dirty ( ) 24. her fisher ( ) 1. great beat ( ) 2. use under ( ) 3. learn near ( ) 4. under uncle ( ) 5. bed head ( ) 6. pine side ( ) 7. try fly ( ) 8. pain pine ( ) 9. boy my ( ) 10. toy joy ( ) 11. go no ( ) 12. so do ( )13. know now ( ) 14. rose not ( ) 15
39、. how house ( ) 16. sour flower ( ) 17. dear bear ( ) 18. pear near ( )19. deer cheer ( ) 20. pair chair ( ) 21. hungry thank ( ) 22. pig big ( )23. her dirty ( ) 24. her fisher ( ) 找出下列元音字母或字母组合发音不同的单词.( ) 1. A. tea B. meat C. weather D. beach( ) 2. A. back B. fast C. have D. map( ) 3. A. warm B. g
40、arden C. market D. party( ) 4. A. school B. tooth C. choose D. good( ) 5. A.room B. moody C. look D. cook( ) 6. A. June B. ruler C. put D. menu( ) 7. A. push B. fun C. Sun D. ugly( ) 8. A. tiger B. her C. officer D. over( ) 9. A. go B. no C. cold D. hot( ) 10.A. like B. Lion C. pizza D. Friday找出下列划线部分发音不同的单词.( )1.A.cake B.take C.nap D.wave( )2.A.bread B.eat C.tea D.seat( )3.A.never B.leg C.red D.he( )4.A.good B.too C.book D.neighborhood( )5.A.father B.crab C.shark D.car( )6.A.soda B.hot C.box D.not( )7.A.bike B.five C.my D.his( )8.A.order B.doctor C.boring D.corner( )9.A.what B.water
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