2012届高考英语考前半个月玩转高频语法系列句子

1、2012 届高考英语考前半个月玩转高频语法系列句子句子按使用的目的可分为四类：1 、陈述句2 、疑问句3 、祈使句4、感叹句从结构上看句子可分为三种类型：1 、简单句2 、并列句3 、复合句一、句子的种类（ kinds of sentences ）1 、陈述句：（ 1 ）肯定句：we love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。（2）否定句：they don t go to work on sundays.他们星期日不上班。说明：叙述或否定一个事实或看法。2、疑问句：（ 1 ）一般疑问句：are you a worker? 你是个工人吗？yes, i am. 是的，我是工人。hav

2、en t you seen the film? no, i haven t. 你没看过这部电影吗？没看过。说明：以一个助动词，情态动词或动词 be 开始的问句。回答要用 yes 或 no 。（ 2 ）特殊疑问句：who is the man? 这人是谁？when do you watch tv? 你什么时间看电视？what are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么？说明：以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序（或称为疑问词加一般疑问句）（ 3 ）选择疑问句：do you want tea or coffee? either will do.你要茶水还是要咖啡？哪

3、种都行。does he learn japanese or french? he learns french.他学日语还是学法语？他学法语。说明：提出两个或两个以上的情况，选择一个作为答案。（ 4 ）反意疑问句：they are going to the air port, aren t they? 他们要去机场，是吗？you haven t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业，是吗？说明：提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。在陈述句后附加一个简短的疑问句，即前面句子肯定，后为否定；前面句子否定，后为肯定。he seldom went to bed at

4、 ten, did he?他很少在十点钟上床睡觉？是吗？he knows little russian, does he? 他几乎不懂俄语，是吗？说明：当陈述句部分含有never, no, hardly, seldom, little等否定意义的副词时，附加问句用肯定形式。（ 5 ）祈使句：a 陈述句：be sure to get there at eight.八点钟一定要到那儿。b 否定句：don t worry. i ll help you out. 别担心，我会帮助你的。说明：表示命令，请求，叮嘱，号召等，谓语动词用原形。（ 6 ）感叹句：what + n. ：what great ch

5、anges we have had these years! 这几年我们有了多么大的变化啊！what a fine day it is! 多好的天呀！how + adj. ：how brave he is! 他多么勇敢呀！how + adv. ：how hard they are working! 他们工作多努力呀！how time flies! 时间过得多么快呀！how + adj. + a （an） + n.how nice a boy （he is） ！ =what a nice boy he is! 多么好的孩子啊！说明：表示说话时惊异，喜悦，气忿等情绪。 what 修饰名词， how

6、 修饰形容词、副词或 句子。二、句子的类型（ types of sentences ）1 、简单句的句子的类型：一个主语+一个谓语，例：the girl plays the piano every day.那女孩每天弹钢琴。两个主语+一个谓语，例：tom and i are good friends. 汤姆和我是好朋友。一个主语+两个谓语，例：he opened the door and left. 他打开门出去了。两个主语或两个谓语或更多，例：mr and mrs smith went to the market, bought some fruit and visited their fr

7、iends. 史密斯夫妇去市场，买了些水果，并看望了朋友。结构特殊：只含有一个词或一个词组，例：hello! 喂！help! help! 救命啊！救命！many thanks. 万分感谢。2 、简单句的基本句型（ the basic sentence patterns ） 句型结构：（ 1 ）主语+不及物动词：s + vi. ，例：birds fly. 鸟飞they disappeared. 他们消失了。（ 2 ）主+ 连系动词 + 表语： s + v + p ，例：she is a university student.她是一名大学生。he has become a pilot. 他已成为一

8、名飞行员。（ 3 ）主+ 及物动词 + 宾语： s + vt + o ，例：he likes swimming. 他喜欢游泳。we help each other. 我们互相帮助。（ 4 ）主+ 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语： s + vt + o + o ，例：i told my friend the good news.我把好消息告诉了我的朋友。they sent us a telegram. 他们给我们拍了电报。（ 5 ）主+ 及物动词 + 宾语 + 补语： s + vt + o + c ，例：they named the boy jack. 他们给孩子起名叫杰克。i want

9、everything ready by eight o clock. 我要求一切都要在八点前准备好。注： s = subject （主语） vi=intransitive verbs （不及物动词） vt=transitive verb（及物动词）p=predicative （表语）o=object （宾语）c=complement补语重点、难点：否定陈述句要注意下列几点：（1）否定陈述句主要是在肯定句中加not 或 no （= not a /any） 构成的，除not 和 no外， 用具有否定意义的副词也可构成否定陈述句。 常用的词有hardly, seldom, never, little

10、,scarcely, barely, rarely 等。（ 2 ）其他成分的否定形式有些句子的结构上属于肯定式，但含有否定意义的词，可分以下几种。没人同意你的意见。没有学生喜欢这本小说。这里没有一个学生学俄语。否定的主语：nobody will agree with you.none of the students like the novel.no student here studies russian.否定的宾语：we saw nothing in the darkness.he will borrow the book from nobody.在黑暗中我们什么都看不见。you must

11、 remember not to be late for class.否定的状语：they came here not by bike but on foot.他从谁那都借不来这本书。你必须记住上课不准迟到。他不是骑车来的而是走着来的。用心 爱心 专心- 14 -我们什么地方也找不到他。a no, but my aunt isc no, he doesn t3、 wesatisfied with their work.a don tb are not4、 hecoffee at all. heb yes, but my anut isd yes, he doesc wontd weren t

12、beingtea.a doesn t like, prefersc would like, not prefersb likes, doesn t preferd prefers, is not fond of5、 sheme only twice since last year.a seesb was seeingc has seend have seen6、 my grandmain the country. now shein the city.a used to live, livesc uses to live, is livingb used to living, livedd w

13、as used to live, liveswe could find him nowhere.或 everybody 用于否定句时，表示部分否定。3 ）不定代词all, both, everyoneall the trees here are not apple trees. （ = not all the trees here are apple trees. ） 这里的树并非都是苹果树。 （有的是苹果树，有的不是。 ）both of the sisters are not nurses. （ = not both of the sisters are nurses.） 这姐儿俩并不都是护

14、士。everybody can t do it. （= n ot everybody can do it. ）并不是人人都能做这件事。强化练习1、 theyhappy when they hear the news.c wered don ta willb will be2、“ is your uncle a driver?make such mistakes again.7 youa should neverc would always not8 “ can you drive a car? ”“a yes, and jim can t tooc no, but jim can, too9

15、“are you going to the super market?a i cycle therec to the workb should not alwaysd would not forever .b yes, but jim can td no, but jim can t k i”“ no,. ”b i walk thered i ve already been there10 in england teawith milk or sugar in it.a usually drinksb is usually drunkc usually is drunk11 “is she g

16、oing to the post office? ”a she doesn tc to the shops12 tomlike reading at all. hea doesn t, isb doesn t, were13 whenhome from work?d drank usually k i”“no,. ”b she goes by biked she s on the bikeinterested in playing basketball.c is, does d was, isa do your parents comec have your parents14 which o

17、f the studentsb does your parents comed our parents come the examination?a not pass b didn t passc passd didn t passed15 theytrouble lifting the heavy box.a didn t have manyc didn t have much16“ did you have breakfast this morning?b hadn t a lot ofd haven t a great deal ofa yes, i had b yes, i didc

18、no, i hadn td no, i didn t have.17colour is the cover of the dictionary?a what b whichc how d whose18“does he brush his teeth a day? ”“ twice.c whend how many timeswhich onea what time b how long19 there are many pictures on the wall. do you like best?a whatbc which of the pictured which one picture

19、20 since whenher?a did you knowb have you knownc do you knowd you know21“ that ten pound note belongs to me. ”“. ”a yes, it isb yes, it belongsc no it doesn td no, itisn t22“ would you rather wait or come back later? ”“. ”a i d rather come backb yes, i d rather not waitc no, i d rather waitd to come

20、 back23“shoes do you take? ”“ size 42. ”a which numberb what numberc what sized what24“is the weather like today? ”“ it s windy.a what b howc what kindd which25 would you read my composition and correct the mistakes,a if have b if anyc if everd if not26is the distance between these two villages?a ho

21、w far b what c how longd how much27do you go to the cinema? twice a month.a how many timeb how muchc how longd how often28 howit in english?a you say b do you speak c do you sayd to speak29is the population of the city?a how much b how manyc howd what30did she get this information?a whom b who c whe

22、red what31does your watch cost? two hundred yuan.a how many b what price c whatd how expensive32 aboutdo you want to know more?a whom b whoc whichd what33 we haven t heard from jane for a long time. what do you supposeto her.a was happeningb to happenc has happenedd having happened34have you heard t

23、he news about jim? no. what?a is itb it isc are they d they are35would you rather go there by train or by air?a yes, i wouldb no, i wouldn tc yes, by aird by air36i go oryou go yourself?a. will willb. shall shall c. shall - willd. will shall37 do you think the question easy or not?a yes, i dob no, i

24、 don tc it is easyd yes, it seasy38 shall we stay at home orto the park?a to gob goingc god will go39writer is better known in china, charles dickens or mark twain?a whichever b whether c what d which40was the nanjing-changjiang bridge open to traffic?it was open to traffic in 1968.a whatb what time

25、二感叹句祈使句chow longd when4142from beijing to london!a how long way it isc what a long way is itoh, john,you gave us!bdwhat a long way it is how long a way is it434445acaacachow a pleasant surprisewhat a pleasant surpriseterrible weather wehow ab what agirl she is!what bright ahow bright awe have today?

26、how fine dayhow a fine dayvecdbbdhow pleasant surprisewhat pleasant surprisebeen having these days!howd whatb how a brightwhat a brightwhat fine daywhat a fine day46 howflowers are!b beautifullyc beautiful thea beautiful47how!a does time flyb times flyctime flies48whatwork he does!49a harderb hardc

27、hardlycareful our monitor is!d hardest50a how ab howc what aadvice he gave us!d what51a what ab how good c what good picture it is!d howdd beautiful thatd flies timeacwhat wonderfulwhat wonderful ab how a wonderfuld how wonderful aa how dob what doc what53hardworking students they are!a whatb what a

28、c what an54long time it lasted!a whatb what ac how52i wish to pay a visit to hongkong!dd howd howhow as sleeping in the next room.aturningb to turnc56 letsfootball in the street.anot to playb not playcdown the radio. the baby55turndon t play57careful when you cross the street.58dturnedd not playinga

29、don t beb do bethe childc being all day long!d doa let, not to cryc don t let, to cry59afraid of make mistakes!b not let, cryd don t let, crya don t beb not to be60me again before coming.c not being d be nota callingb to callc do callingd call、反意疑问句61 you d like some coffee,?a weren t you b wouldn t

30、 you c hadn t you62 i don t think he will come to the meeting,a will heb won t hec do id shouldn t you ?d am i63 harry and his brother promised to work harder,a do theyb don t they c did theyd didn t theyis he64 his father knows little about it,a does b doesn tc65 we all like reading story books,a d

31、o web do you66 my sister seldom goes to the theatrea doesn tb does che?d isn tc don t wed don t youshe?isd isn ta often, didb never, didn tcalready, didd never, did68 be sure to write to us,a will youb aren t you?c would youd can you69 don t smoke in t he meeting room, a do youb will youc wouldyou?d

32、 can70 it s fine today. let s go fishing, a will web shall wec do we?d don t we71 mary has few friend in japan,she?a hasb dontc doesn td hasn t67 your fatherpromised to buy a computer for you,he?72 there is a beautiful lake in this city,?a isn t itb isn t therec is itd hasn t it73 there is nothing w

33、rong with my bike,?a is itb isn t therec isn t itd is there74 he comes late sometimes,?a isn t heb comes hec doesn t hed is he75you are not a new comer, are you?. i came here only yesterday.a no, i amb yes, i amc no, i m not d yes, im not.76 she could hardly believe it,a couldn t sheb could shec did

34、n t she d did she77 you needn t go,a can you b must you78 you must work hard from now on,a can you b won t youc need youd may you?c mustn t you d needn t youyou?79 after walking so long a way, you must have been tired,a wereb havec haven td mustn the?80 he must have left home yesterday,a hasn t81 yo

35、u don t think ib didn tc mustn tm going out in such wet weather,dneednta am ib do youc don t youddo iyou?a hadb wouldc hadntdwouldn t83 you need to come earlier,a don t you84 you dare not go alone,b needntyou?c don td wontyou?a don tb docdareddaren t85 he shouldn t drink so much,he?a shouldb oughtcwoulddwill82 you d better call in a doctor for your mother,86 nothing can stop us doing that,a can web can t wec cant itd can it87 i m late for the meeting,a amn t ib aren t ic don d aren t you88 nobody but i knows japanese in my class,a does heb doesn t hecdo theyddon t they89