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1、课时数: 学科教师:环球雅思学科教师辅导教案学员编号:年 级:初三授课类型T 9A Unitl 基础知识梳理(下)0星 级授课时间2014-2-26T同步-U1基础知识梳理(下)学员姓名:王虎辅导科目:英语问题导入看图猜一猜下面是什么星座批注:你喜欢星座吗?阿狸也喜欢星座。让我们来看看阿狸对星座的热爱程度有多深。学生通过猜图片上的星座,激 发学生的兴趣,接着要问学生“你知道每一个星座下的人物性格特点是什么吗?”。比如,双子座,人物性格特点是curious, clever, outgoing。你能像老师一样,用英语说出下列星座下的人物性格特点吗?批注:此星座为水瓶座, 水瓶座的任务性格特点为ki

2、nd,wise,strange (老师可引导学生在 9Aunit1 reading课文中找)知识梳理、词汇Words1. 人物性格特征相关的形容词及其用法。知识讲解:1) active-in activegen erous selfishmodest proudclever-silly2) patient impatientfair-unfairstrong-weakhard-working- lazy3) energetic , humorous , easy going , outgoing, creative, imaginative, stubborn, organized, kind

3、, polite, friendly, practical2. familiar知识讲解:1) be familiar with 对很熟悉e.g.Are you familiar with the names of pla nts?你熟悉植物的名称吗?2) be familiar to.(某物为某人所)熟悉e.g.His name is familiar to me,but I have nt met him.他的名字我很耳熟,但是我未曾见过他。批注:be familiar with指某人熟悉某物,人作主语。be familiar to指某物为某人所熟悉,物作主语。经常会有些学生将famili

4、ar与similar混淆。similar是“相似的,类似的”意思,常用搭配为be similar to.与相似,类似于 如,My bike is similar to the one you have.我的自行车和你的相似。典型例题The music soundsme, but I can t remember its name.A. familiar withB. similar toC. similar withD. familiar to解析考查固定短语。be similar to与类似;be familiar with 某人熟悉某物;be familiar to sb.为某人所熟知,符

5、合句意。句意为:这个音乐听起来我很熟悉,但我记不起它的名字了。9 3. explain知识讲解:1) explain,动词,解释,说明;2) explain( sth.)to sb .向某人解释(某事)e.g.Can you explain to me how to make the cake?你能跟我说明一下怎样做蛋糕吗?批注: explain( sthjto sb为固定搭配,要求学生必须熟记。需要强调的是explain 的现在分词形式是explaining,并不 需要双写“ n ”。典型例题Its so difficult a sentence that I had to explain.

6、A.the stude nts itB.it to the stude ntsC.to the stude nts itD.it the stude nts解析explain to sb. sth.=explain sth. to sb.向某人解释某事 注:不能说 explain sb sth但是sth.是代词it的时候,要用 explain it to sb.这句话的意思是:这个句子太难了,我不得不向学生解释。4. forgive知识讲解:1) forgive,动词,原谅,宽恕;2) forgive sb. for( doing) sth .原谅某人(做)某事e.g.He forgave m

7、e for losing his notebook.他原谅我弄丢了他的笔记本。If you即ologize,Mr Smith may forgive your rude ness.如果你道歉,史密斯先生可能会原谅你的无礼。批注:forgive的过去式和过去分词都是不规则的,但与give的过去式和过去分词相似,在give的过去式和过去分词前加上“ for”就构成了 forgive的过去式和过去分词 forgave、forgiven 。 forgive sb.for(doing) sth.的同义短语是 excuse/pardon sb. for( doing) sth.类似的结构在 8Bunit6

8、 中学习过,thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做某事。典型例题They said sorry to me, but I wouldn t listen.It is foolish of youothers for their mistakes.A. forgiveB. not forgiveC. to forgiveD. not to forgive解析lt is/was +形容词(+of/for sb.) (not) to do sth.先排除AB ;根据句意可知应用否定。5. dream同一个世界同一个萝想One World One Dream知识讲解:1) dream

9、 vi.做梦(dreamed/dreamt)常用短语: dream about/of e.g.He ofte n dreams about/of his hometow n.You like to dream about everyth ing.2) dream vt.做梦,梦见后常接that从句;e.g.He dreamed that he was at sea.3) dream n. 梦 (have a dream about )批注:dream常考的结构为 dream about doing sth,梦想做某事。注意dream的过去式和过去分词有两种形式dreamed与 dreamt。典

10、型例题“ One world, one梦想)is the slogan of the 2008 Beiji ng Olympic Games.解析同一个世界,同一个梦想”是北京奥运会的口号,英文表达为One world, one dream ”Important Sentences structuresAR7 1. It says I II have lots to eat and drink tod报上说今天我会有许多吃的喝的。知识讲解:1) 当主语是文字材料或可见的东西时,如:letter, sign等,用say作谓语意为写道,记载,显示”。e.g.The sign says“ No Pa

11、rki牌肝上写着:禁止停车。My mobile phone says half past seven. 我的手机显示:七点半。2) to eat and drink在句中做lots的后置定语,意为:有许多吃的和喝的。e.g.Would you like somethi ng to drink? 你要喝点什么吗?批注:1. say、tell、speak、tell都有说”的意思,但他们的用法是不一样。课上可以问学生是否知道他们之间的区别;2.不定式和它所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,其中动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词,则要加相应的介词。如,I have a report to listen to.我

12、要听个报告。典型例题Donta word.A. sayB.speakC talkD tell解析speak的意思是“说话”,作不及物动词时,通常指说话的能力和方式;作及物动词时,其后的宾语为某种语言。speak to sb.表示“同某人说话”。talk的意思是“谈话,谈论”,指相互之间的谈话,一般用作不及物动词,与介词 to或with连用,表示“与交谈”。而谈及关于某人或某事时,后接介词of或about.say意为“说出”“说过”,强调说话的内容,也可与to连用,say to sb.意为“对某人说”。tell意为“讲述”“告诉”,作及物动词时,指把一件事或一个故事讲出来,有连续诉说之意。如:t

13、ell the truth说实话,tell a story讲故事。tell也可接双宾语结构或复合宾语结构。如 tell sb. sth.告诉某人某事;tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事;tell sb. (not) to do sth.告诉某人(不 要)去做某事。句子中有“a word ”暗示说话的内容,因此用 say.9 2. Mr. Wu spends a lot of time explaining things to us.吴老师花很多时间为我们讲解。知识讲解:1) spend动词,意为 花(钱、时间);花费;度过”。常用搭配:spend. on sth花费在方面2

14、) spend. (in) doing sth.花费做e.g.I spend the whole day doing the housework。我花一整天的时间做家务。批注:“ spend. on sth花费在方面”与spend. (in) doing sth.花费做”这两个结构可以进行同义句转换,如可将例句改为I spend the whole day on the housework。与学生一起区另U take, spend, cost, pay 的用法。典型例题rve got a new diet ion ary.一 How much did youit?A. buyB.spe ndC

15、.pay forD.cost解析表示 某人花钱买某物或 某物花费某人多少钱 应用:pay for sthspend. on sth./ (in) doing sth.; sth. +cost( +sb.)+.。buy只强调买某物,不能表达花了多少钱。乂 3. I dont think hed be able to organize things well.我认为他不能很好地组织事情。知识讲解:当主句主语是第一人称,谓语动词think, believe, imagine等引导的宾语从句要否定时,宾语从句中的否定词要前移到主句谓语动词前,但否定的对象仍然是宾语从句的谓语部分,这叫否定前移”。e.g

16、.I don t believe he is a thie我相信他不是小偷。批注:关于“否定前移”也可以这么表述:think如果接一个否定意义的宾语从句,此否定形式往往转移到主句动词think上。可以用这种表达方式的动词还有:believe, guess suppose等等。典型例题句子翻译。我认为他不是个笨孩子。解析看到这个题目,一般会翻译为:l think he is not a silly boy.但句中有“认为”“不是”,有这样的语法规则 think如果接一个否定意义的宾语从句,此否定形式往往转移到主句动词think上,故此句话应该注意“否定前移”。AF17 4. You are go

17、od at making or planning things.你擅长制作或计戈U事情。知识讲解:1) be good at意为擅长、在方面做得好”,后接名词、代词或 V-ing形式。e.g.My mother is good at cooki ng. 我妈妈擅长做饭。2) be good for意为 对有益、有好处”。e.g.Eati ng more vegetables is good for your health.多吃蔬菜对你的健康有好处。批注:be good at = do well in =be clever at 这是七年级重点内容。例如:He is good at Maths.

18、 = He does well inMaths.=He is clever at Maths.be good for 的反义结构是 be bad for 只寸。O O O O O 有害。典型例题迈克擅长于游泳。解析擅长做某事 be good ato at后接doing。9 5. Who else would be more suitable?还有谁会更适合呢?知识讲解:1) else作形容词时,常跟在疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词之后,表示别的,其它的”。e.g.Where else will you go?你还要去什么其它的地方?2) other也有 别的,其它的意思,通常与any,some,

19、 no及定冠词the搭配使用,表示另外一些;e.g.Do you have any other books on this subject ?你还有其它这学科方面的书吗?批注:other与every搭配使用,表示每隔,如every other two weeks每隔两周;后面接可数名词单数形式时,other前面必须有限定词,否则只能用another。典型例题Would you like to drink?Yes, I d like a cup of coffee.A. someth ing elseB. else someth ingC. anything else D. else anyth

20、ing解析else作形容词时,常跟在疑问代词、疑问副词或不定代词之后,因此排除B, D。这是一个表示请求建议的句子,要用 something。m宀厶9 6. True, but he s imaginative enough to come up with new i(不Ob,但他想象力很丰富,能想出各种新想法。 知识讲解:come up with sth意思是 提出、想出、提供 ”,e.g.Can you come up with a good idea to the problem? 你能想出这个问题的解决办法吗?批注:come up with结构可与come out, come on ,

21、 come in进行词组辨析,检测学生对于学习过的词组的掌握掌握情况。典型例题Could you tell me how tothese problems so that I will get used to the life in Suzhou ?A. do withB. come up with C. agree withD. deal with解析考查动词短语辨析。deal with处理、应对,和 how连用。句意为:你能告诉我为了适应贵阳的生活,应该如何 应对这些问题吗?do with也有此意,但是要和 what连用;come up with提出;agree with同意、一致。7.

22、We are writing to recommend David as the new chairperson of the students我们正在写信推繭.David作为学生会的新主席。知识讲解:1) recommend的意思是 推荐”,动词;2) 常用结构是 “ recommend sb. as推荐某人作为 ”,“ recommend sb. for推荐某人参评 奖项”和sb. sth. = recommend sth. to sb,向某人推荐 ”。e.g.We all recommend Simon as the monitor of our monitor. 我们都推荐 Simon

23、 做我们的班长。I would like to recommend Daniel for the Most Helpful Student Award. 我愿意推荐 Daniel 参评最佳助人为乐奖。Can you recomme nd me some books on Chi nese history?你能给我推荐几本有关中国历史的书籍吗?批注:recommend sb. as 推荐某人作为 ”,recommend sb. for 推荐某人参评 奖项”是常考结构,必须熟记。recommend的拼写容易出错,可以让学生在课堂上拼写几遍。典型例题Tha nks forthe new chairp

24、ers on.A. recomme nd me asB. recomme nding me asC. recomme nd me for D. recomme nding me for解析此题考察两个结构 “thank(sb) for (doing)sth感谢(某人)(做)某事” recommend sb. as 推荐某人作为 句意为:感谢推荐我作为新主席。9 8. Since he s soWvamking, he would not mind doing extra work for the Students既然他这么勤奋,他应该不会介意去为学生会做些额外的工作。知识讲解:1) mind作

25、为动词此处意思是介意,在乎,反对”,常用于疑问句和否定句中,后面接名词、代词或动名词做宾语。e.g.I hope you do n ot mind the old umbrella. 我希望你不要介意带这把旧雨伞。2) Would / Do you mind + 人称代词宾格或形容词性物主代词+ doing. ? ” 意为 某人做某事,你介意吗?”。反对时用肯定回答,同意时用否定回答。e.g.Do you mind my closing the window? (= Do you mind if I close the window ?) 我把窗户关上,你介意吗?批注:mind doing s

26、th介意做某事,一定要注意 mind后面是doing。常用答语为:1.若表示 不介意或 同意时,常 用否定形式。如: No, of course not. No, certainly not. No, not at all. No, go ahead. No, do as you like. No, indeed. No, please. No, I dont mind. No, do it please. Not in the least.等。2.若表示 介意或 不同意时,则常用较委婉的方式加以拒绝。女口:Im sorry but I do.Sorry, youd better not.Im

27、 afraid you cant. I wish you wouldnt . Im sorry, but its not allowed . Yes, I do mind. 等。典型例题Would you mindthose old clothes?A. don t wear B. not wearingC. not to wearD. doesn t wear解析mind后面跟动名词,并且它的否定式为:mind not doing sth.句意为:你介意不穿这些旧衣服吗?举一反三一、单项选择。181. He explainedwhy he didn t come to the party.A

28、. usB. for usC. with usD. to us2. Would you mi nd myhere?A. to smokeB. smokedC. smokeD. smok ing3. -Pollution is a serious problem here.-1 hope the government will some more good ways to solve it.Acome up withBcome onC come upDcome at4. When the young man stepped into the uni versity, he dreameda ch

29、a nee to go abroad for further study.Ato haveBhavi ngC to havi ngDof havi ng5. - Would you mind my tur ning on the TV? -.A. Yes, I would. B. CertainlyC. Of course notD. No, I don t6. What beautiful shoes youre wearing!They must be expensive .No,they only10 yua n.A. spe ntB.tookC.paidD.cost课堂检测二、单词填空

30、。121.If some one does n t show good manners to othtaep r she is(polit e)2. Don t get(patient) about your personal trouble.3. Our En glish teacher treats every one equally. He is a fpers on.4. Look! Your teacher is smili ng at you. That means he (forgive) you for your mistakes.三、句子翻译。151. 他推荐我作为班长。2.

31、 晚上我兄弟有许多作业要做。3. 墙上的标志写着 禁止拍照”。4. 你还看见了谁?5. 我相信他不会来。回顾小结Step 1.思考回忆所学知识点,并将所学知识点列在下面explain、否定前移、 come up with 的用法say、mind、spend、recommendStep 2.错题回顾课后作业单项选择题()1 You canthe caketen pieces.A. divide; into B. be divided; into C. divided; into)2.The win dow was broke n. Try towho has broke n it.A. findB. lookC. find out)3 He explainedwhy he didn t come to our party.A. usB. for usC. with us)4 .- It s so kind of you to give me a redto the station. -_ A. I

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