高中英语 大题精做05 Nelson Mandela - a modern heroe（含解析）新人教版必修1

1、精做05 Nelson Mandela - a modern heroeI. 阅读理解Passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文Taylor Bisbee通过CPR挽救了一位学生的生命3608分钟 (2017北京，A)It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm

2、. Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her teammate Paris White play. The two didnt know each other well Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before. Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,Pariss eyes rolled back, Taylor says. She started shaking. I knew it was an emer

3、gency. It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without immediate medical care, Paris would die. At first, no one moved. The girls were in shock. Then the softball coach shouted out, Does anyone know CPR? CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick persons ch

4、est so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she hesitated. She didnt think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and be

5、gan doing CPR. It was scary. I knew it was the difference between life and death, says Taylor.Taylors swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911. Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work

6、. Luck stayed with them: Paris heartbeat returned.I know I was really lucky, Paris says now. Most people dont survive this. My team saved my life.Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.Today, Par

7、is is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college soon. She wants to be a nurse. I feel more confident in my actions now, Taylor says. I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.56.What happened to Paris on a March day?A. She caught a bad cold.B. She had a sudden heart problem.

8、C. She was knocked down by a ball.D. She shivered terribly during practice.57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?A. She made a worthy friend.B. She recovered from shock.C. She received immediate CPR.D. She came back on the softball team.58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?A. Enthu

9、siastic and kind.B. Courageous and calm.C. Cooperative and generous.D. Ambitious and professional.【答案】【语篇解读】讲述Taylor Bisbee通过及时的CPR挽救了一位学生的生命。【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选材料之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物的性格特征或讲述个人的经历与感悟以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。【解题技巧】1、高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类

10、故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如第58题，总结人物的品质，Taylor根据自己所学的CPR知识及时挽救了 Paris的生命，虽然犹豫了，但是她很快地进行CPR抢救，说明她很勇敢，很镇静。2、该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查学生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养自己快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久

11、，耽误时间。Passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文父亲对我很严厉31210分钟(2017天津，阅读表达)阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。In the years of my growing up, Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He would call in advance to make sure there was no alcohol at the party. I got so angry with him for laying down the law

12、. I would scream, I hate you! Dad would yell back, Good! I dont care! Deep down I knew he did. One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick. I said, Call my dad. Next thing, Dad was carrying me to the car. I woke up the next morning, thinking I would definitely be criticised. As exp

13、ected, I got a roasting, but I now understand why I need discipline.Dad was 29 when he got his big roles in films. I had an early start at the age of nine with a role in a 1990s TV series, but it wasnt until I finished film studies that I pursued my career as an actress. Like those early days for Da

14、d, I faced lots of rejections. Working in such a competitive industry, Ive sometimes thought, I cant do this any more.Once, after a trip to Hollywood, I returned to Australia so depressed and spent months in my bedroom painting, listening to Eckhart Tolles music and trying to find myself again. Dad

15、sat me down and said,Alice, I know its hard, but its all about persistence(坚持不懈).Now I get to work with Dad a lot, which I love. We are both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people. If it werent for Dad, I wouldnt be where I am today. Hes my biggest fan, and when y

16、ou have that in your life you can go a long way.56. What rules did Alices father set for her when she was growing up?(no more than 15 words)57. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean? (no more than 5 words)58. What did Alices father do when she felt depressed? (no more than 5 words)59. Ac

17、cording to the last paragraph, what do Alice and her father have in common? (no more than 10 words)60. What do you think of Alices father? Please explain. (no more than 20 words)【答案】【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个严父、慈父对女儿的教育培养以及对女儿的影响。56. She should make her bed, do her homework and drink no alcohol. 、Or: Makin

18、g her bed, doing her homework and drinking no alcohol.59. They are both passionate about acting and interested in people.【解析】根据文章最后一段中的We are both passionate about acting, which comes from us being so interested in people.可以判断出爱丽丝和她的父亲的共同点就是对演艺事业充满了激情，对人们感兴趣。60. He is a good/devoted/caring/loving fa

19、ther because he was strict with his daughter and encouraged her when she was in trouble.Or: He is always supportive/a source of strength. Whenever she is in trouble, he is there for her. 【解析】根据第一段的句子 Dad was strict with me. He made sure I made my bed and did my homework. He 【名师点睛】阅读表达题是一种综合性的题型，测试目的

20、是从多方位、多角度考查考生通过阅读获取信息、处理信息并进行书面表达的能力。该题型比传统的阅读理解试题更具有综合性和主观性，更能体现对考生综合能力的考查。考查题型有封闭型问题，要求考生结合文中具体信息进行回答；还有开放型问题：要求考生结合个人观点态度进行表述。这篇文章为记叙文，学生可以通过最后提出的问题进行点对点的信息筛查，在文章中找出相关的句子。回答问题的时候，学生要注意题目要求的字数限制，在规定范围内答题就可以。II. 完形填空Passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文战争中Alia Baker保护图书馆的图书26818分钟 (2017浙江)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和

21、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Alia Baker is a librarian in Iraq. Her library used to be a 36 place for all who loved books and liked to share knowledge. They 37 various matters all over the world. When the war was near, Alia was 38 that the fires of war would destroy the books, which are more 39

22、 to her than mountains of gold. The books are in every language new books, ancient books, 40 a book on the history of Iraq that is seven hundred years old.She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place, but they refused. So Alia took matters into her own hands. 43 , she brought

23、books home every night, 44 her car late after work. Her friends came to 45 her when the war broke out. Anis who owned a restaurant 46 to hide some books. All through the 47 , Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library, 48 them over the seven-foot wall and 49 them in the

24、restaurant. The books stayed hidden as the war 50 . Then nine days later, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.One day, the bombing stopped and the 52 left. But the war was not over yet. Alia knew that if the books were to be safe, they must be 53 again while the city was 54 . So she hired a truck to

25、bring all the books to the houses of friends in the suburbs(郊区). Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library.36. A. meetingB. workingC. personalD. religious37. A. raisedB. handledC. reportedD. discussed38. A. worriedB. angryC. doubtfulD. curious39. A. practicalB. preciousC. rel

26、iableD. expensive40. A. thenB. stillC. evenD. rather41. A. permissionB. confirmationC. explanationD. information42. A. largeB. publicC. distantD. safe43. A. FortunatelyB. SurprisinglyC. SeriouslyD. Secretly44. A. startingB. parkingC. fillingD. testing45. A. stopB. helpC. warnD. rescue46. A. intended

27、B. pretendedC. happenedD. agreed47. A. warB. nightC. buildingD. way48. A. putB. openedC. passedD. threw49. A. hidB. exchangedC. burntD. distributed50. A. approachedB. eruptedC. continuedD. ended51. A. restaurantB. libraryC. cityD. wall52. A. neighboursB. soldiersC. friendsD. customers53. A. soldB. r

28、eadC. savedD. moved54. A. occupiedB. bombedC. quietD. busy55. A. dreamed ofB. believed inC. cared aboutD. looked for【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Alia Baker是伊拉克的一名图书管理员，当伊拉克爆发战38. A 考查形容词。A. worried担心的；B. angry生气的；C. doubtful怀疑的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文So Alia took matters into her own hands可知，Alia自己将书搬走了，因此她应该

29、是担心战争会破坏书。故选A。39. B 考查形容词。A. practical实践的；B. precious珍贵的；C. reliable可靠的；D. expensive昂贵的。根据后文which are more 39 to her than mountains of gold可知，是将书与金山作比较，指书对她来说比金山更珍贵。故选B。40. C 考查副词。A. then然后；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. rather相当。甚至一本关于伊拉克历史的书已经七百年了，与前面的new books, ancient books是一种层次上的递进关系。故选C。41. A 考查名词。A.

30、 permission许可；B. confirmation确认；C. explanation解释；D. information信息。根据She had asked the government for 41 to move the books to a 42 place可知，她想获得政府的许可，将书转移到安全的地方。故选A。49. A 考查动词。A. hid隐藏；B. exchanged 交换；C. burnt燃烧；D. distributed 分发。根据上文中的Anis who owned a restaurant agreed to hide some books.可知，把书藏在Anis的

31、饭店。故选A。50. C 考查动词。A. approached 接近；B. erupted爆发；C. continued继续；D. ended 结束。由后文Then nine days later, a fire burned the 51 to the ground.可知，战争仍在继续。故选C。51. B 考查名词。A. restaurant饭店；B. library图书馆；C. city城市；D. wall墙壁。根据后文Now Alia waited for the war to end and 55 peace and a new library可知，这里指图书馆被一场大火烧毁。故选B。

32、【名师点睛】 本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。逐渐侧重于对语篇复现的考查。如47题，根据前文she brought books home every night,可知All through the _47_, Alia, Anis, his brothers and neighbours took the books from the library，他们选择晚上转移书籍，故选B。 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现

33、、结构同现、同义同现、修饰同现、因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。Passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文Larry挽救生命的英勇事迹25116分钟(2016新课标全国卷I)A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41along 165 north after delivering to one of his 42. Suddenly, he saw a car with its bright lights on. 43he got

34、 closer, he found 44vehicle upside down on the road. One more look and he noticed 45shooting out from under the 46vehicle. Larry pulled over, set the brake and 47the fire extinguisher(灭火器). Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.The man who had his bright lights on 48 and tol

35、d Larry he had 49 an emergency call. They 50heard a womans voice coming from the wrecked(毁坏的) vehicle. 51the vehicle, they saw that a woman was trying to get out of the broken window. They told her to stay 52until the emergency personnel arrived, 53she thought the car was going to 54. Larry told her

36、 that he had already put out the fire and she should not move 55she injured her neck.Once fire and emergency people arrived, Larry and the other man 16and let them go to work. Then, Larry asked the 57if he was needed or 58to go. They let him and the other man go.One thing is 59 Larry went above and

37、beyond the call of duty by getting so close to the burning vehicle! His 60most likely saved the womans life.41. A. walkingB. touringC. travelingD. rushing42. A. passengersB. colleaguesC. employersD. customers43. A. SinceB. AlthoughC. AsD. If44. A. eachB. anotherC. thatD. his45. A. flamesB. smokeC. w

38、aterD. steam46. A. usedB. disabledC. removedD. abandoned47. A. got hold ofB. preparedC. took charge ofD. controlled48. A. came downB. came throughC. came inD. came over49. A. returnedB. receivedC. madeD. confirmed50. A. thenB. againC. finallyD. even51. A. StartingB. ParkingC. PassingD. Approaching52

39、. A. quietB. stillC. awayD. calm53. A. forB. soC. andD. but54. A. explodeB. slip awayC. fall apartD. crash55. A. as ifB. unlessC. in caseD. after56. A. stepped forwardB. backed offC. moved onD. set out57. A. womanB. policeC. manD. driver58. A. forbiddenB. readyC. askedD. free59. A. for certainB. for

40、 considerationC. reportedD. checked60. A. patienceB. skillsC. effortsD. promise【答案】【语篇解读】文章讲述了Larry用自己的努力挽救了一个女人的生命的英勇事迹。41. C 由文章的标题A Heroic Driver及上下文可知，Larry正沿着165公路往北行驶(traveling)着。42. D 根据前面的Larry works with Transport Drivers, Inc.可知，此处表示他将货物运送给一个顾客(customers)后。43. C 根据语境可知，此处填As表示当他离得更近一些的时候，符

41、合语境要求。44. B 此处的车与前一句的亮着灯的车并不是同一辆车，故此处指另一辆车，填another。45. A 由后面的the fire extinguisher(灭火器)和the fire可以判断，此处该填flames火苗。55. C 此处表示Larry叫她不要动，以免(in case)伤到脖子。56. B 由后面的let them go to work可知，当消防人员和救护人员到了后，Larry和另一个男子便往后退(backed off)，方便他们施救。57. B 发生了交通事故，警察应该到场，且下文They let him and the other man go中的They指代本空

42、，故只能选B项。58. D Larry问警察他需要留下来还是可以自由(free)离开。59. A 有一件事情是可以肯定的(for certain)。60. C 他的努力(efforts)在极大程度上挽救了那个女人的生命。I. 阅读理解Passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间 记叙文Nelson Mandela的贡献 326 7分钟Nelson Mandela is respected and admired across the world. And to South Africans he is a superstar. He is a hero who shocked the world

43、 by fighting for peace between races, despite the 27 years he spent in the prison of the South Africas white, racist regime(政权).Mandela, who won the nations first all-race elections after the fall of apartheid(种族隔离) in 1944,retired in 1999. But he remains as popular as ever.Hes loved by all people,

44、whether youre white or black, whether youre young or old, said Ali Bacher, South Africas former cricket(板球) chief.His popularity has inspired an entire national industry. His portrait has appeared at many places, including on some goods. His face has appeared on a South African coin, a metropolitan(

45、大都会的)area was named in his honor and some business leaders hope to build a massive, rotating statue in his likeness the Statue of Freedom. It would stand taller than New Yorks Statue of Liberty.His popular appeal is similar to that of John F. Kennedy with US or Winston Churchill in Britain, but few

46、politicians in his times have achieved his level of admiration, said Tom Lodge, head of the political science department of the University of the Witwatersrand. Sometimes it isnt completely appreciated what a skilled performer Mandela has been throughout his political career. He is a very, very clev

47、er man, However, he is far from perfect.Most articles for his birthday, which appeared in every major South African newspaper on the day, briefly mentioned that Mandela did have his shortcomings. Then they returned to their flowing praises. Through the ages, the human race has had its icons(偶像) men

48、and women who rose above ordinary people to inspire their generation, The Mail and Guardian Weekly said. In our generation, the gods presented us Nelson Mandela.1. Nelson Mandela is loved by all the people of South Africa because_.A. hes as popular as Kennedy and ChurchillB. he spent 27 years in pri

49、sonC. hes a great fighter against the racialismD. he won the first all-race elections2. Which of the following statements about Mandelas portrait is true?A. It helps develop business.B. It appears on the Statue of Freedom.C. It is used to raise money for the Statue of Freedom.D. It is similar to tha

50、t of John F. Kennedy or Winston Churchill.3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _.A. Mandela is as great as a godB. We are proud to live in Mandelas timeC. Mandela lives together with us allD. We are proud to know Mandela4. What can we infer from the text?A. Mandela is a very skille

51、d politician.B. Most articles specially stressed Mandelas shortcomings.C. The Statue of Freedom is a present for Mandelas birthday.D. The article may have appeared in a newspaper on Mandelas birthday. 【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了Nelson Mandela的贡献，他不仅是南非人民心中的偶像，也是世界人们心中的英雄。天的报纸上，故选D。Passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间 记叙文曼德拉

52、的去世及对他的缅怀 321 8分钟People around the world are remembering Nelson Mandela, South Africas first black president. He died Thursday at the age of 95. South African President Jacob Zuma said, The nation has lost its greatest son, and our people have lost a father. Mandela had been in poor health for sever

53、al years. He was repeatedly treated in hospital, most recently for a lung infection. He became infected with tuberculosis(肺结核) many years ago while in prison.Nelson Mandela was the main leader in efforts to end white minority rule in South Africa. He spent 27 years in prison for his part in fighting

54、 apartheid(种族隔离)the nations policy of discrimination(歧视)against blacks.Many world leaders, past and present, are remembering Nelson Mandela. Frederick W. de Klerk was South Africas last apartheid leader. He freed Mandela from prison in 1990. Later, the two men won the Nobel Peace Prize. Mr. de Klerk

55、 said people will remember Mandela for the importance he placed on reconciliation(和解) being able to reach a settlement between conflicting sides. He said their relationship was, in his words, often stormy, but he said they werealways able to come together at critical(关键的)moments. In the United States, President Barack Obama called Mandela an influential, brave and profoundly good human being. Mr. Obama said Mandela will be remembered for leaving a free South Afric