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1、module1课下能力提升(一)阅读理解ainformalconversationisanimportantpartofanybusinessrelationship.beforeyoustartadiscussion,however,makesureyouunderstandwhichtopicsaresuitableandwhichareconsideredtaboosinaparticularculture.latinamericansenjoysharinginformationabouttheirlocalhistory,art,andcustoms.theyexpectquesti

2、onsaboutyourfamilyandbesuretoshowpicturesofyourchildren.youmayfeelfreetoasksimilarquestionsofyourlatinamericanfriends.thefrenchthinkofconversationasanartform,andtheyenjoythevalueoflivelydiscussionsaswellasdisagreements.forthem,argumentscanbeinterestingandtheycancoverprettymuchoranytopicaslongastheyo

3、ccurinarespectfulandintelligentmanner.intheunitedstates,businesspeopleliketodiscussawiderangeoftopics,includingopinionsaboutwork,family,hobbies,andpolitics.injapan,china,andkorea,however,peoplearemuchmoreprivate.theydonotsharemuchabouttheirthoughts,feelings,oremotionsbecausetheyfeelthatdoingsomightt

4、akeawayfromtheharmoniousbusinessrelationshiptheyretryingtobuild.middleeasternersarealsoprivateabouttheirpersonallivesandfamilymatters.itisconsideredrude,forexample,toaskabusinessmanfromsaudiarabiaabouthiswifeorchildren.asageneralrule,itsbestnottotalkaboutpoliticsorreligionwithyourbusinessfriends.thi

5、scangetyouintotrouble,evenintheunitedstates,wherepeopleholddifferentviews.inaddition,discussingonessalaryisususllyconsideredunsuitable.sportsistypicallyafriendlysubjectinmostpartsoftheworld,althoughbecarefulnottocriticiseanationalsport.instead,befriendlyandpraiseyourhoststeam.1theunderlinedword“harm

6、onious”mostprobablymeans“_”acompetitivebfriendlyandpeacefulcoriginaldsensitive2thewriterthinkspoliticsandreligionare_forbusiness.acheerfultopicsbtabooscrudetopicsdwisetopics3whichistypicallyafriendlytopicinmostplacesaccordingtotheauthor?asports.bchildren.cpersonalfeelings.dfamilies.bsmalltalkisavery

7、shortconversationusedbyindividualtokilltimeandmaketheotherpersonfeelcomfortableinhispresence.however,sometimesyoushouldbecarefulofyourtopics.therearecertain“safe”topicsthatpeopleusuallydiscuss.theweatherisprobablythenumberonethingthatpeoplewhodonotknoweachotherwelldiscuss.sometimesevenfriendsandfami

8、lymembersdiscusstheweatherwhentheymeetorstartaconversation.anothertopicthatisgenerallysafeiscurrentevents.aslongasyouarenotdiscussingacontroversial_issue,_suchasarecentlawconcerningequalrights,itisusuallysafetodiscussthat.entertainmentandsportsnewsisanothergoodtopic.ifthereissomethingthatyouandtheot

9、herpersonhaveincommon,thatmayalsobeacceptabletotalkabout.forexample,ifthebusisextremelyfullandtherearenoseatsavailable,youmighttalkaboutthereasonswhy.similarly,peopleinanofficemightcasuallydiscussthenewpaintorfurniture.therearealsosomesubjectsthatarenotconsideredacceptablewhenmakingsmalltalk.discuss

10、ingpersonalinformationsuchassalariesorarecentdivorceisunacceptablebetweenpeoplewhodonotknoweachotherwell.complimentsonclothingorhairareacceptable;however,youshouldneversaysomething(goodorbad)aboutapersonsbody.negativecommentsaboutanotherpersonnotinvolvedintheconversationarealsonotacceptable.whenyoud

11、onotknowapersonwellyoucannotbesurewhotheirfriendsare.youdonottalkaboutprivateissueseither,becauseyoudonotknowifyoucantrusttheotherpersonwithyoursecretsorpersonalinformation.lastly,itisnotwisenottocontinuetalkingaboutanissuethattheotherpersondoesseemcomfortablewithorinterestedin.4whatdoesthepassagema

12、inlytellus?awhydopeoplemakesmalltalk?bwhattopicsdopeoplechoosewhenmakingsmalltalk?cwhatissmalltalk?dinwhichsituationsdopeoplemakesmalltalk?5whichofthefollowingisnotthebesttopicwhenyoumakesmalltalk?abeautifulday,isntit?bdidyouwatchthenewstoday?chaveyougotaboyfriend?dwhatdoyouthinkofthenewcomputers?6t

13、heunderlinedpart“controversialissue”inthefourthparagraphmostprobablymeans“_”adebatablequestionbacceptablequestioncprivatequestiondinterestingquestion7howisthetextorganized?a/b/c/d/c(areyousickoffeelingyourtongueturntoalumpof一块)coalwheneveryoumeetasmalltalksituation?followthesesmarttips,andyoullbecom

14、eagreatconversationalistmakinglastingimpressionswhereveryougo.debrafine,authorofthefineartofsmalltalk,saysthatconnectingwithpeoplethroughconversationdoesntalwayscomeinstinctively(出于本能地).thatmeansyouneedmuchtrainingtoimproveyourspeakingabilities.first,havearoundthreethingstotalkaboutbeforeyouheadfora

15、ninterview.second,thinkoffourquestionsyoucanaskthatwillmaketheotherpersonchat.finally,ifyouvemetthepersonbefore,mentionsomethingofthepreviousconversationorintroductiontoshowyourinterest.theawkwardmomentwhentheotherpersondidntrecognizeyoumaymakeyoufeelhurt.“beforeyouputtoomuchpressureonanewrelationsh

16、ip,bethefirsttosayhello”.youcanrelease(释放)somepressurebysaying,forexample,“stephaniepratt?hi,goodtoseeyouagain.”anotherwaytoputstrangersateaseistosmileandshaketheirhandswhenyougreetthem.smalltalkisalwayschallengingatconferencesorlargeevents,especiallywhenyoudontknowanyone.theresareasonwhymillionsofp

17、eoplereadthenewyorktimeseveryday:tostayknowledgeableabouttheworldtheylivein.ifyoufindreadingadailynewspapertootedious,_findspecialtopicsthatinterestyou.learnthegeneralnewsfromnews,cnn,orgooglenews.buildaconversationbyasking,“haveyouheardabout.?”last,listeningisanimportantpartofsmalltalk,especiallywh

18、enyoureenteringaconversationthatsalreadyinprogress.ifyouwanttoleavealastingimpression,oneofthebestwaysistobeagreatlistener.asyoulistentoothersexperiencesandopinions,youllenlargeyourknowledgeaboutotherculturesandnations,andfinallybecomeamorefascinatingconversationalist.8accordingtodebrafine,_amanypeo

19、pledontlikesmalltalkbpeoplewithagoodmemoryaregoodattalkingcshowinginterestisthekeytoagoodconversationdconversationisaskillthatneedstraining9thepurposeofsmalltalkisto_areducethepressureduringaconversationbbuildaconnectionandmakeagoodimpressioncmakeaconversationmoreinterestingdenlargetheknowledgeabout

20、othercultures10theunderlinedword“tedious”inpara.4means“_”ashortblimitedcboringdformal11whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?apurposeofsmalltalkbtopicsofsmalltalkcsmarttipsonsmalltalkdartoflisteninginsmalltalk课下能力提升(一)语篇解读:本文主要介绍了在商业交往中一些国家和地区倾向的闲聊的话题。1解析:选b词义猜测题。根据该词后面的语境“relationshiptheyretryingtob

21、uild”可知他们正尝试建立意为“和谐的”人际关系。故harmonious意为“和谐的,协调的”,b项最符合文意。2解析:选b细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“asageneralrule,itsbestnottotalkaboutpoliticsorreligionwithyourbusinessfriends.”可得知。3解析:选a细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句得知在大部分地方“体育”是一个典型的友好的话题。语篇解读:本文作者主要讲了人们进行闲聊时安全的和不被接受的话题。4解析:选b主旨大意题。文章谈到人们进行闲聊时安全的和不被接受的话题。故选b。5解析:选c细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第三句可知在不太熟悉的人们之间不要谈论有关私人问题的话题。故选c。6解析:选a词义猜测题。从该词后面所给的例子:比如关于人权的法律方面的问

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