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1、Rainy days make me sad.直击课标要求1语言目标Talk about how things affect you2重点词汇tenseownerscientificpinklightingknowledgeservedesignuncomfortable smoke mysterious shiny sillyskincreamtoothpaste aimspeciallyusefulproductconfusemisleadcarefulleadplaneweddingco-workerorangevasehosthostess arrange feminineconsid

2、erproperacceptabletraditionembarrassqualityaim atfor instancelet s sayahead of time3关键句型Rainy days make me sad.I ratherd go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant because I like to listen to quiet music while I am eating.Waiting for her made me angry.Loud music always makes me want to leave.It was so sad it

3、made us cry.How do you feel about pollution?4语法宾语补足语课前学习提示一、词汇1 owner un n.所有者,业主。它是由动词 own+er 构成的。同时own 还可作形容词用在所有格后以加强语气。【例】(1)Who is the owner of this building?谁是这幢大楼的业主?( 2) His grandfather was the owner of this farm.他祖父过去是这个农场的所有者。( 3) She was bold enough to own her mistake.她鼓起勇气承认了错误。( 4) Many

4、 farmers now own motorbikes.现在许多农民拥有摩托车。( 5) The boy owned to having done wrong.这男孩承认自己做错了事。( 6) I saw the scene with my own eyes.我亲眼看到了那一幕情景。( 7) She worked on her own.她独立工作。2knowledge n lid n. 知识,学问,认识,了解,知道。它的动词形式是 know。【例】 (1)There can be no knowledge apart from practice.离开实践的认识是不可能的。( 2) I have

5、 no knowledge of his whereabouts.我不知道他的下落。( 3) It has come to my knowledge that you are a doctor now.我听说你现在已经是医生了。( 4) She doesnt know how to drive.她不知道怎样开车。3serve s :v vt.& vi.为 服务,招待,供应,(发)球,送交,符号,对 有用等。【例】(1)How is it that the waiter seems reluctant to serve me?服务员似乎不愿接待我,这是怎么回事呢?( 2) They serve

6、good Chinese food in this restaurant.这家饭馆供应美味的中国菜。( 3) It s your turn to serve the ball.轮到你发球了。( 4) The court served him with a summons.法院向他送了传票。( 5) This excuse will not serve him.这种借口并不能帮他的忙。( 6) He served in the army between 1978 and 1988他于 1978 年至 1988 年期间在部队服役。( 7) A board placed on his lap ser

7、ved for a desk.在膝盖上摆的一块木板成了他的写字台。4uncomfortable nk mf t bl adj. 不舒服的,不合意的。它是由comfortable 加前缀 un 构成的,而 comfortable 是由 comfort 加后缀 able 构成的。【例】(1)She felt uncomfortable with strangers.她同陌生人在一起觉得不自在。( 2) We felt very comfortable at the hotel.我们在旅馆住得很舒服。( 3) He has a comfortable income.他收入可观。( 4) His wo

8、rds gave her much comfort.他的话给了她很大的安慰。( 5) Be of good comfort.振作起来!5smoke sm uk vi.& vt.吸烟,冒烟。它可作名词用, 而 smoker 则是“吸烟者”。【例】(1)When I came back I found the generator smoking.我回来时发现发电机在冒烟。( 2) My dad doesnt smoke.我爸爸不吸烟。( 3) The young man smoked himself ill.那年轻人吸烟吸出病来了。( 4) Such coal produces little sm

9、oke.这种煤燃烧时生烟不多。( 5) He had a smoke before setting to work.他开始工作前抽了一支烟。( 6) My uncle is a heavy smoker.我叔叔烟瘾很大。6 aim eim vt.& vi. 瞄准,针对,目的在于。它可作名词用。【例】(1)He aimed his gun at the hare.他把枪瞄准野兔。( 2) My remarks were not aimed at you.我的话不是针对你说的。( 3) We must aim high.我们必须力争上游。( 4) The young man aims at bec

10、oming a writer.这年轻人有志成为作家。( 5) He achieved his aim.他达到了目标。7 useful jusf l adj.有用的,有益的。它是由use加后缀 ful 构成的。 use可作动词用,也可作名词用。【例】(1)That is a useful book.那是一本有用的书。( 2) John is a useful person to have around on such occasions.在这种场合有约翰在身边是很有帮助的。( 3) Will you kind enough to let me use your electronic typewr

11、iter?让我使用一下你的电子打字机好吗?( 4) This telephone number is no longer in use.这个电话号码已不再使用了。8mislead misli:d vt. 把 引入歧途。它是由lead 加前缀 mis 构成的,它的过去式和过去分词是misled, misled。【例】(1)He was entirely misled by her words.他完全误解了她的话。( 2) The travellers were misled by the guide.旅游者们被向导领错了路。( 3) We had a guide to lead the way.

12、我们有一个向导带路。( 4) the general led his troops to battle.将军率领部队去作战。9careful k fl adj. 小心的,仔细的。它是由 care加后缀 ful 构成的,它的反义词是 careless,而 care 则可作动词或名词用。【例】 (1)Be careful not to make any noise.注意不要有响声。( 2) He is a careless person.他是个粗心大意的人。( 3) He said I should have given more care to my work.他说我本该更认真地工作。( 4)

13、He cares a lot about his appearance.他很讲究外表。二、交际用语。1某物对情绪的影响Rainy days make me sad.Loud music makes me want to dance.Waiting for her made me angry.That made me annoyed with myself.2表示意愿I ratherd go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant because I like to listen to quiet music while I m eating.I would love to

14、jump out of a plane!三、语法1宾语补足语宾语补足语和宾语一起称为复合宾语,可作宾语补足语的有:名词,代词,形容词,副词,分词,不定式,介词短语,名词从句。【例】(1)We call him Jim.我们叫他吉姆。( 2) Whom do you think of me?你以为我是谁?( 3) Please keep the room clean.请保持室内清洁。( 4) He found her out.他发现她出去了。( 5) She found the book interesting.她认为这本书很有意思。( 6) Youd better have your shoe

15、s mended.你还是请人把鞋补一补吧。( 7) Make yourselves at home.不要受拘束。( 8) We made him what he is.是我们使他成为现在这样。2宾语补足语的注意事项1)作补语的形容词应放在宾语后,若放在前则变成了定语。【例】(1)We found the man honest.我们发现此人很诚实。(宾补)( 2) We found the honest man.我们发现了这个诚实的人。 (定语)2)在动词 elect, choose, make之后用作补语的名词,若是表示“身份,职位”则不带冠词。【例】They elected Li Lei m

16、onitor last week.上周他们选李雷当班长。3)有些动词后通常跟“ to be名词或形容词短语”作补语,但to be 常省去。这些动词有: think, consider, believe, imagine, suppose, see, find, feel, etc。.【例】He thinks himself (to be) a clever man.他认为自己很聪明。4)复合宾语可变为宾语从句。【例】We think her a nice woman.We think that she is a nice woman.我们认为她是个很好的人。5)动词 let, make, ha

17、ve 及感官动词后用不带to 的不定式作补语,若变为被动语态,应将 to 加上。【例】I saw tears come into her eyes.Tears were seen to come into her eyes.我看到她眼里含着泪。6)感官动词后跟不带to 的不定式或现在分词作补语,其区别在于不定式强调事实经过或动作已完成,而现在分词则强调当时情景或动作正在进行。请比较。【例】(1)I like to hear her sing.我喜欢听她唱歌。I heard her singing last night.昨晚我听到她在唱歌。( 2) I saw him cross the roa

18、d and go into the hospital.我看见他走过了马路,进了医院。I saw him crossing the road when I looked out of the window.当我向窗外看时,看见他在过马路。点拨重点难点1宾语补足语以及宾语补足语应注意的问题,尤其是不定式作宾补时,to 的省略。2描述人们心理及情绪的词语和句型。3that 引导的主语从句, so that 引导的目的状语从句以及think 等词后跟的宾语从句等。4本单元所学的常用词和短语,如:owner, scientific, knowledge, serve, smoke,useful, car

19、eful 及 aim at, ahead of time等的用法。5色彩对人心情的作用及影响,我们如何使用色彩来改善周边及家中的居住环境,使人们达到心情愉快,精神振奋。6广告对人们的工作、生活以及居住等方面产生的影响。拓展发散思维发散思维分析1 Rainy days make me sad.雨天使人沮丧。sad 是形容词在此作宾语补足语,宾补本单元语法部分已作说明,不再重述。仅举几例。【例】(1)Let s get everything ready in time.咱们把一切按时准备好。( 2) I hope to see you well soon.我希望你的病早点好。( 3) The ma

20、chine can cut bread thin.这种机器可以把面包切得很薄。2 Id rather go to the Blue Lagoon Restaurant because I like to listen to quiet music while I m eating.我宁愿去蓝湖饭馆,因我喜欢边吃边听轻音乐。would rather“宁愿”,通常和 than 连用; while 在此的意思是“与 同时” 。【例】(1)I would rather you came right away.我倒希望你能马上来。( 2) She would rather have the small

21、one than the large one.她宁愿要小的,不要大的。( 3) The defenders of the besieged city could rather die than surrender.这个被困城市的守军宁死也不投降。( 4) We must be pupils while serving as teachers.我们该一面当先生,一面当学生。( 5) Strike while the iron is hot.(谚语)趁热打铁。3 They spend more time eating their meals.他们花更多的时间吃饭。spend指某人花费时间或金钱做某

22、事,常用spendon 和 spend(in) doing 结构。此外还有三个表示花费的词, cost 指某件物品值多少钱或价值怎样; pay 指某人为某物而付钱,常与 for 连用; take 指某项活动或事花费多少时间,常用的句型是 it takes sb. some time to do sth。.【例】(1)We spent three years searching for a solution to this problem.我们用了三年时间寻找解决这个问题的办法。( 2) He spent a lot of care on that work.他在工作上花了很多心血。( 3) T

23、he motorcycle cost him half of what he had saved.他买摩托车用掉了节省下来的一半钱。( 4) It cost them seven years to complete the dictionary.他们花了七年时间才编好那部字典。( 5) He paid me fifty dollars for what I had done for him.他付给五十美元,作为我给他干活的报酬。( 6) I paid the train fares for them.我为他们付了火车票钱。( 7) It took them a whole year to bu

24、ild this road.他们修这条路用了整整一年时间。( 8) My time was fully taken up with reading those papers.我的时间全用在阅读那批文件上了。4 Its true that some ads can be very useful.一些广告很有益是个事实。that 在此引导的是主语从句。在口语中that 常被省略; wh-系列引导词也可引导主语从句。【例】(1)It is clear (that) he is wrong.很明显,他错了。( 2) It doesnt seem likely (that) she will be he

25、re.她似乎不大可能来。( 3) It s good you re so kind to him.你对他很好,这很不错。( 4) Whether he will come doesnt matter. It doesn t matter whether he will come.他是否来,这无关紧要。( 5) What you need is more practice.你需要的是更多的练习。( 6) When we shall have our sports meet is still a question.我们什么时候开运动会仍然是个问题。5 but dont really tell yo

26、u anything about the quality of the product.但没有真正告诉你有关产品质量的任何问题。tell sb. about sth“.告诉某人有关某事” ,tell sb. sth.“告诉某人某事”。【例】(1)The granny told us about a thief breaking into her house.老奶奶告诉我们她家失窃的事。( 2) The old man told us about his sufferings in the old days.老人告诉我们他过去受的苦。( 3) He told the happy news to

27、everybody.他把好消息告诉了大家。( 4) Tell me where you live.告诉我你住在哪儿。6You have to be careful.你得小心。be careful“小心,当心”,后常跟 of 短语。与它同义的有look out。【例】(1)Arent you a bit too careful of your health?你对个人的健康难道不是有点过于小心了吗?( 2) Be careful crossing the road.过马路要小心。( 3) You must look out for the snags.你们必须当心意外困难。( 4) Look ou

28、t!Theres danger ahead.当心!前面有危险。7In class, the teacher asked me for my homework.在课上,老师问我要家诞作业。ask sb. for sth“.向某人要某物”,而 ask for 则表示“请求,通过询问寻找” 。【例】(1)How much did they ask for this book?这本书他们要多少钱?( 2) The stranger asked the old man for his address.那陌生人问老人要家庭住址。( 3) He came to ask for help.他来求助。( 4)

29、Did anyone ask for me?有人找过我吗?8The problem is you dont like wearing orange.问题是你不喜欢穿橘黄色衣服。that(已省略)引导的是表语从句; like 后可跟不定式也可跟动名词作宾语,如表示一般倾向, 多用动名词作宾语, 但如指特定或具体某次行动, 则更多使用不定式。【例】(1)The trouble is (that) we are short of money.困难是我们缺少钱。( 2) The problem seemed how we could make him understand it.问题似乎是我们如何能使

30、他理解这点。( 3) I like reading books of this kind.我喜欢看这类书。( 4) Id like to read that book.我想看那本书。( 5) She likes reading newspapers at night.她喜欢晚上看报。( 6) I should like to be present at the meeting.我希望出席这次会议。9The gift-giver is too lazy to go out and find the right gift.送礼的人太懒了,不愿出去找一份合适的礼物。too to “太 结果不 ” ,

31、too 后跟形容词或副词原形, to 引导不定式。【例】 (1)She is too young to marry.她还没到结婚年龄。( 2) The box is too heavy for me to carry.这个箱子太重,我搬不动。( 3) He is too careful not to have noticed it.他那么细心,不会不注意到这一点的。发散思维应用典型例题 1 She is too busy to help us finish the work. Let s do it.A herselfB myselfC ourselvesD itself解析答案: C 本题主

32、要考查反身代词的用法。我们在选反身代词时,一定要与它的人称代词保持一致,主要性别和单复数的一致。Lets 是 let us 的缩写,与 us 对应的反身代词应是 ourselves。典型例题 2Jack s words are different from. We really can t agreeh wit.A ours, himB ours, he sC us, himD us, his解析答案: A本题主要考查代词的用法。根据英语中对等原则,可知第一空应是 our words,作介词 from 的宾语,与 Jacks words 对等,也可用名词性物主代词来指代 our words。而

33、第二空缺的是agree with 的宾语,应该用人称代词的宾格。【题型发散】发散 1单项选择填空()1a gift is not easy.A GivingB GivenC GivesD Gave()2 She said, either.A somethingB anythingC everythingD nothing()3 The picture looksbetter than the real thing.A moreB a lotC a fewD a lots()4 I like writing to my pen friends, but ita lot of time.A spe

34、ndsB usesC takesD pays()5 By the end of last term, weone thousand English words.A have learnedB has learnedC had learnedD learned解析答案: 1A本题需要的是主语,依据提供的答案,只有动名词giving能作主语。2D根据句尾 either 可判断出该句应是否定句,因either 表示“也”时,用于否定句,这样只能选nothing。3B本题考查的是比较级的修饰语,比较级的修饰语较多,本题只有a lot 可修饰比较级。4Cspend, use, pay三个词都是指人花费时

35、间或金钱,其主语是人,而take 指做某件事所花的时间,主语是事物。5Cby the end of last time 是个介词短语,用作时间状语,意为“到上学期期末为止”,表示“过去的过去” ,谓语动词要用过去完成时态。发散 2 根据汉语完成下列各句,每空一词1一定要遵守你父母的建议。Be your parents suggestions.2接受礼物总是件不容易的事。gifts easy.3我总是和我的最要好的朋友一道去购物。I go shopping myfriend.4我想今天真是糟透了。I today was going to be.5在你购买那顶帽子之前要等等,咱们与另一家商店里的价

36、格作个比较。before youhat. Let sin another store.解析答案:1 sure to follow2 Receivingisnt always3 alwayswithbest4thoughtreally bad5Waitbuy the, compare prices本题主要考查对本单元的熟练程度。发散 3按要求写出下列各词1careful(副词)2enjoy(形容词)3polite(副词)4travel(旅行者)5wool (形容词)6enter(名词)7luck(副词)8use(形容词)解析答案:1carefully2 enjoyable3 politely4

37、traveller5wool(l)en6 entrance7luckily8useful本题主要是加后缀,使其成为另一词性的词,要求掌握单词后缀的加法。【词义发散】找出与划线部分意思相同或相近的词语,将序号填入题前括号内()1 There are around five thousand workers in our factory.A more thanB aboutC near toD over()2 The old man is over seventy.A more thanB near toC aboutD nearly()3 The Browns will go to Englan

38、d.A will stay inB are arriving inC are leaving forD are getting to()4 Excuse me. Can you show me the way to the park?A giveB speakC talkD tell()5 We should say “please” when we want something.A ask forB look forC like forD get for解析 答案: 1 B around 和 about 都可作“大约”解, about 较常用。2Aover 表示“超过”,more than

39、表示“比 多”,两者有时可换用。 3Cleavefor 表示“前往 ”,再则表示位置移动的动词可用进行时态表示将来。4Dshow 在此是“指引”的意思,指路可以是 show sb. the way to,也可说成 tell sb. theway to。 5 Aask for 表示“请求、向 要” ,在此可替换 want。【正误发散】下列各句 A 、B、C、D 处均有一错,指出并改正。()1 When was this school builded?ABCD()2 He said that he has been to Shanghai twice.ABCD()3 There are five

40、Japaneses in this factory.ABCD()4 We want to find out what would happen in a hundred years.ABCD()5 Which subject do you like best, maths or Chinese?ABCD解析 答案: 1 Dbuild 是不规则动词,它的过去分词是built 。2B当主句是过去时态时,宾语从句也应使用过去的某种时态(客观真理除外),因此应将 has been改为 had been。3CJapanese作日本人解释时,单复数相同。4B主句是现在时态,宾语从句根据自己的时间状语确定时

41、态,此处该用一般将来时态,所以应将would 改为 will 。5C选择疑问句提供两个答案时,如使用形容词或副词级别,应用比较级,此句应将 best 改为 better。【情景发散】完成下列对话A: Hello!I havent seen you1a long time.B: Hello!How are you?A: Fine, thanks. Oh, your shirt looks beautiful. What s it made2 ?B: Its made3silk.A: Wheres it4?B: Its5in Suzhou.A: Would you like to have a c

42、up6tea?B: Yes, please. Mm, the tea is7 nice. Wheres it grown?A: Its grown8Anhui.解析答案:1 forfor a long time 是个固定短语。2 of be made of 由 制成。3of 4 made in, made in表示产于某地。5 made6 of a cup of是固定搭配。 7 very 8 in上述是谈论物品制造、产地等,主要是注意 bemade in 与 be made of 两短语的含义。【综合发散】完形填空将序号填入题前括号内A shop owner closed his shop a

43、nd went home. He was very1, but just as hewent to bed, the telephone2 . A man asked, “ Whattime do you open yourshop? ”The shop owner was3about this phone call. He put down the receiver withoutanswering and went4to bed. A few minutes 5, the telephone rang 6and the man asked the7question. The shop ow

44、ner became very8and heshouted, “ You needn t ask me when I open the shop, for I won9. ” t let you“ Oh, no, I don t want to get in,” the man said.“10I want.”to go()1 A happy B gladC tiredD sorry()2 A called B rangC criedD shouted()3 A unhappyB interested C surprised D worried()4 A upstairsB out C bac

45、kD home()5 A ago B laterC before D after()6 A much B onceC moreD again()7 A anotherB oneC sameD different()8 A angry B happy C sadD pleased()9 A outB in C intoD back()10 A back B in C intoD out解析答案: 1C根据第一句可知“店主”关门回家,一定是忙碌了一天,现在“累了”。2B电话铃响,只能用ring 的适当形式。3A从下句放下听筒没回答便知店主“不高兴”。因他刚劳累一天后躺下,竟有人晚上打电话问“几点开

46、门?”按常理想问此问题岂不是脑子有问题。4C上文有 went to bed,故重新 went back to bed。5B 一般情况下,从现在某时算起的过去用 ago,从过去某时算起的过去用before,而“若干时间 +later”常表示“从过去到将来算起若干时间以后” 。此处“几分钟后”意指过去的将来,故 later 最佳。6D上文已打过,故第二次又打用again。7C从上下文可知,打电话人又问了“同样的”问题。8A因店主再次被用同样的问题打扰而不能入睡,故变得“生气”了。9B常理可知,顾客问何时开门,是想进去买东西。所以店主便说;“宁可不让你进”;再由下句答语“ I dont want t

47、o get in”可知,用 in。10D由上文“何时开门”及“不想进店”两个句子可知,那人是想出去。因为忙了一天劳累的店主当时关门时可能没细检查,才把那人锁在店里。这是一篇幽默故事,难度不大,主要考查全篇的理解及某些词语的辨义。单元小结本单元是围绕“ How things affect you.”进行教学活动的,重点是宾语补足语的构成及使用,不定式作宾补时要注意的事项,着重介绍了描述人们心理及情绪。此外还介绍了 that 引导的主语从句, so that 引导的目的状语从句和think 后跟宾语从句等句型。 本单元还较详细地介绍颜色对人心理的作用及影响,人们如何使用色彩来改善周边及家中的居住环

48、境,调节人的情绪, 使人们心情愉快。 另外本单元还介绍了广告对人们生活、学习、工作等方方面面产生的影响和作用。在学习这些方面内容的同时,还学了很多常用词和短语。知识网络建构不定式符号 to 省略的情况1)当两个或两个以上的不定式由and, or, than 等连接时,第二个不定式可以省略to。【例】(1)What we should do now is to open the window and let fresh air in.我们现在应该做的是打开窗户透透气。( 2) It is easier to praise people than criticize them.表扬人比批评人容易。

49、2)在“ come(go)+不定式”结构中,不定式一般省去to,特别是在美国口语中更为常见。每一个动词表示“来” 、“去”这个动作,第二个动词表示“来”、“去”的目的。【例】(1)Go fetch your notebook.去把你的日记本拿来。( 2) Come sit with me.来跟我坐在一起。3)在“ try( go, come, etc).and ”结构中, and 之后的不定式常常省去to。【例】(1)Ill try and remember the matter.我一定记着那件事。( 2) I hope you will go and see the patient.我希望你去看看病人。( 3) Come and see us.请来看

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