小升初名词专题及练习及易错题

1、名词一教学内容1复习上节课的内容，巩固上节课的重难点2讲解新课内容A. 名词的定义 名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词Linda 琳达 boy 男孩 dog 狗 table 桌子 park 公园 Paris 巴黎 peace 和平 courage 勇气B名词的分类 总的来说，英语中的名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词两类专人名、星期、月份、节日、Peter , Sonw White , Sunday , April , Christmas Day ,业城市、 建筑、团体、 机构China , London , the United Nations 联合国，名的名称等the Communis

2、t Party of China 中国共产党词可个体名词doctor 医生， teacher 老师，数orange 桔子， desk 课桌名police 警察， people 人民， family 家庭，普词集合名词army 军队 ， class 同学通不time 时间 fun 玩笑， kindness 善意，名可抽象名词idea 主意， knowledge 知识词数youth 青春 ， love 爱 ，名物质名词rice 大米， water 水， fire 火， air 空气词C. 名词的数 可数名词与不可数名词：可数名词由单数变为复数形式，其构成方法分为规则和不规则两种 可数名词复数变化规

3、则一般名词复数构成法构成法例词一般情况下，在名词单数形式的词尾加 sbook-books, day-days, desk-desks以-s, -x,， -ch，-sh，结尾的名词，在词尾加 esclass-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes以辅音字母加 -y 结尾的名词，将 y 变成 i 后加 es 以元音字母 +y 结尾的名词，直接 +scity-cities, country-countries,factory-factories boy-boys,key-keys,guy-guys以 -f 或-fe 结尾的名词，一般将 f 或

4、fe 变成 v 后， 再加 esleaf-leaves, wife-wives, life- lives,thief-thieves, knife-knives, half-halves, shelf-shelves以辅音字母加 o 结尾的名词，一般在词尾加 eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes， zoo-zoos,radio-rodios,photo photos名词复数的不规则变化某些名词的不规则复数形式构成法构成法例词变内部元音foot feet， manmen tooth teeth，woman w

5、omen , policewomanpolicewomen单复数同形fish-fish ,deer-deer ,sheep-sheep ,Chinese-ChineseJapannese- Japanese, Swiss,yuan完全不规则child-children, mouse-mice, ox- oxen复合名词 主要词改复数boy student- boys students含 man 和 woman 的前后两个词都改复数man doctor men doctors woman teacher women teachers注：有些词只有复数形式（1） 某些通常以复数形式出现的名词。如：

6、 trousers， glasses眼（ 镜 ）,shoes等。不可数名词：英文中的不可数名词不易把握，我们不能按照汉语的思维去判断一个名词到底是可数还是不可数，因此， 对于不可数名词需要强化记忆，但总的来讲不可数名词是有规律的；物质名词和抽象名词是不可数名词，表示不可以计数的事物的名词叫不可数名词，一般不分单数和复数， 这类词通常不可以和不定冠词连接，也不可以加上基数词表示个数，因此，不可数名词要计量的话，就得 用单位词，学过的不可数名词有： news，paper，milk ，orange（桔子汁）， bread， chalk，truth ，water，rice， work，housewor

7、k，homework，luck，ink，meat，money ， sugar， grass， ice 等等。1 物质名词通常不可数液体 beer,blood,coffee,cream,honey,juice,milk,oil,tea,water,wine固体： bread,butter,cheese,ice,ice-cream,meat,beef,chicken,fish气体： air,fog,smoke2 抽象名词通常不可数 advice,anger,beauty,confidence,fun,happiness,health,information,love,peace,luck3 总称的

8、名词通常不可数总称名词（不可数）部分名词（可数）furniture（ 家具 ）chair,table,bedfruit（水果 ）apple,orange,bananajewelry（珠宝 ）ring（戒指 ）， earring（耳环） necklace（项链）luggagebag（包 ） suitcase（手提箱）4 不可数名词的度量1）不可数名词前面不能加冠词a/an如 : a water, a bread,an advice,a furniture2）不可数名词没有复数形式如： two waters,two breads， ten advices3）表示不可数名词的数量，可以借用量词（单位

9、词）来表示其量的概念;不同类型的不可数名词所使用的量词也不一样，一般规则如下：修饰词例词短语用 piece， bit 修饰的 抽象名词，物质名词Advice/cake chalk ice meat music news paper work sugar； a bit of bread grass news trouble wood/furniture/ information,a piece of news,two pieces of news,several pieces of furniture用bottle,cup,drop,glass修饰液体beer,blood,coffee,milk

10、,tea,water,wineseveral drops of blood, a glass of milk,two cups of coffeeE. 名词的所有格 名词中表示所有关系的形式叫名词所有格。在表示人或物品的所属关系时，就需要用到名词所有格。所有格有两种形式：一种是 - s格，即在名词后面加 -s,多用来修饰有生命的东西；另一种是of 格，即 在介词 of 后面加名词，多用来修饰没有生命的东西例如： Where is the teachers office？中的 teachers一词。 -s 格情况改法例子一般情况名词的末尾加 - sLily s roomth,e girl s f

11、ather以-s 结尾的复数名词名词的末尾加 -Teachers Day复数名词不以 s 结尾加s名词的末尾加 - sChildren s Day拥有东西时几个人共同拥有在最后一个人名加 - sJim and Kate es kit（两人共同拥有的）分别拥有在每个人名后加 - sJim s and kate s kite（各自拥有）表示店铺或某人的家所有格 -s 后面通常不出现它所修 饰的名词，名词所有格直接表示具 体的意义The barber s 理发店The Whites 怀特家(2)0f格名词代表的事物是没有生命，常用 of 组成的短语表示所有格，如： the colour of the

12、 desk, a picture of a cat， the first lesson of this term名词考点分析：考点一：名词的复数例题 写出下列单词的复数形式mouth boy Englishman wife story piano box potato 考点二： 名词的复数在句中的应用1. These are your .A apple B books C pen2. This is a .A women B man C men3. Look! There are some (sheep) and (fox) in the zoo.举一反三练习一 用所给单词的适当形式填空1.

13、The (child) are talking to their teacher.2. In the past,none of the bus drivers were (woman)3. These are (boy) names.4. They are (woman) doctors.5. They are from (Japanese).二 单词选择1 We are and we speak .A Chinese,ChineseB Chinese ,ChinaC China,ChineseD Chinese,Chinese2. -Who s that ? -Hes my brother.

14、A man B woman C men D women3. Those girls are .A Americans B an American C Americas D American4. I want three and four milk,please.A bags,bottleB bag,bottle of C bags,bottle of D bags,bottles of5. I dont have any ,but I have some .A apple,juice B apple,juices C apples,juice D apples,juices名词练习按要求写出下

15、列单词的复数形式1 man 2 woman 3 banana 4 bus 5 child6 foot7 businessman8 sheep9 leaf_ 10dish11 pen 12 deer 13 baby_14 map_ 15 city16 box 17 book18 class19 hero 20 knife_ 21 car 22 fox23 watch_ 24library_ 25 pear26 skirt 27 shelf 28 cinema _ 29 eye30 office 31 tomato 32 tooth 33 radio _ 34 zoo下列名词有没有复数形式，有的请

16、在横线上写出来，没有的请在横线上画“/ ”1. mokey 2. class 3. cola 4. shelf 5. rice _ 6. nurse 7. peach 8. library 9. dog _ 10. milk _ 11. dress 12. postman 13. tooth 12. sister _ 15. sheep 16. cinema 17. dish 18. wall 19. child 20. bread 选择正确的词填空1 Those hamburgers are (Tom,Tom s).2 Nina is at (grandmas,grandma),she we

17、nt there yesterday.3 We have 16 new (light,lights).(The classrooms door,The door of the classroom)is broken.5 My friend Edward has three (child,children).6 Do you like eating (rice,rices)7 There re 4 (tea,cups of tea) on the desk.8 How many (wolfs,wolves) are there?9 I like (chicken,chickens) better

18、 than pork.下列名词的正确形式填空。1.Is this (apple) ? No, it isn t.2. What are these? They are ( orange).3. Pass me (pencil ).4. Give me some (egg)., please.5. Are those your ( shoe)? Yes, they are.6. Those shoes are ( Tom).7.Is the big ( orange) Linda s?8. This (T-shirt) is big.9. How many (fish) are there in

19、 the river?10. They have some new (_hat).11. A pig s (ear) are big.选择题( )1 The girls are Lily and LucyAnameB names C names ( )2 Is that in English?Aa carBcarC. cars( )3 How many can you see?Aa colour B colour Ccolours( )4 I have three .A. a sister B. sisters C. sister( )5 One， two ， three ?five. Fiv

20、e A. monkey B. monkeies C. monkeys( )6. Are you a ?A. boyB. bogsC. pen( )7 This is a .AboxB. bagsCboys( )8 She is a good .Ateachers B teacher Cboy( )9 They are AwomanBwomans C women( )10. There is on the table.A. box B. a boxC. boxes( )11. There are two on the desk.A. pencil-box B. pencils- box C. p

21、encil- boxes( ) 12. How many are there in the room?A. girls B. girl C. boy and girls( ) 13. There are five in the classroom.A. children B. childrens C. childs( ) 14. They arent from the same A. faimilys B. families C. family( ) 15. They are having A. a classB. a English classC. China class) 16. Are

22、Tom s Chinesenew?A. bookB. books C. a book( )17. Theare in Room 304.( ) 18. Those new are for you.A. shirts B. skirt C. shoe( )19. The has some nice pictures.A. boys B. teachers C. child( ) 20. The are singing in the house.A. woman B. women C. man) 21. Someare eating grass on the hill.A. sheepB. hor

23、esC. cow)22. How manyare there in the box?A. knifeB. knifesC. knives)23. - Whoseis it?- Maybe itA. jackets, Tom)24. Those are thes B. jacket, Tombooks.C. jacket, TomsA. teachersB. teachersC. teacher) 25. Therere a lot of children in the park onDay.A. Children)26. It sB. Children sC. Childrens bedroo

24、m.A. Amy and Anna sB. Amy s and Anna s C. Amy and Anna（） 27. That is dog.A. Jack sB. Jack s C. Jack（ ） 28. coats are very nice.A. Jim and Tim s B. Jim s and Tim sC. Jim and Tim（ ） 29. September 10th is .A. Teacher s DayB. Teachers Day C. Teachers Day根据中文提示补全句子1. When you feel headache,y ou must stay in bed and take some （药）2. My father likes collecting （邮票） .