动词不定式做宾语补足语

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4、做宾语补足语真诚为您服务动词不定式在句子中可以用作宾语补足语，高中范围内，常用的“动词+宾语+不定式”的句子结构中。不定式作宾语补足语的有以下八种类型：(下列句子中划线部分作宾语补足语)一、许多动词可跟一个宾语 + to do构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语；否定形式为“动词+宾语+not to do”。例如：my boss told me to type out two letters.分析：句中“my boss”做主语，“told”作谓语，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。they forbade her to leave the country.please rem

5、ind me not to be late for the meeting.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+(not)to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：advise，allow，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid，force，invite，order，permit，persuade，remind，re-quest，require，teach，tell，want，warn等。二、有些动词可跟“宾语+to be”构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：i consider him to be the best candidate

6、.分析：句中“i”做主语，“consider”作谓语，“him”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。i know him to be a liar.i suppose him to be away from home.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+to be”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find，suppose等。三、有些动词(感官动词和使动词)后可跟不带to的不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：he saw her enter the room.分析：句中“he”做主语，“saw”作谓语，“her”

7、作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。she wont let me do it.i heard her lock the door.we watched the children play games.高中范围内，适用于“动词+宾语+do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：feel，have，hear，let，make，notice，observe，see，watch等。还有两个词组：listen to，look at.注意:这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。请看下列句子，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。例如：a child was seen to enter the buildi

8、ng.she was often heard to sing this song.四、help后的不定式可加to，也可不加to(美国人不加to时较多)，但被动结构中要加to。例如：ill help you(to) push the cart.分析：句中“i”做主语，“will help”作谓语，“you”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。上句的被动语态为：youll be helped to push the cart.五、有些“动词+介词”的结构后也可跟不定式构成句子，句中的不定式作宾语补足语。例如：he shouted to me to come over.分析：句中“he”做主语，“shou

9、ted”作谓语，“to”为介词，“me”作宾语，划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子，句子的结构为“动词+介词+宾语+to do”，划线部分为不定式，作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。i depend on you to do it.i am counting on you to help me through.高中范围内，适用于“动词+介词+宾语+to do”的结构，不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do等。六、作宾语补足语

10、的不定式，表示的动作在谓语所表示情况之前发生，就需要用完成形式：he was known to have worked for the international olympic committee.分析：句中“he”做主语，“was known”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由句意可知，“为国际奥委会工作”发生在前，“大家知道”发生在后。故不定式部分用完成形式，在句中作宾语补足语。请看下面的句子。they are believed to have discussed the problem.七、作宾语补足语的不定式，表示一个正在进行的动作时需用进行形式：he is believed to be l

11、iving in mexico.分析：句中“he”做主语，“isbelieved”作谓语，使用了被动语态。由于句子表达主语现在正在发生的情况，故用不定式的进行形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。thousands were reported to be working in concentration camps.he is thought to be hiding in the woods.间或不定式作宾语补足语也可用于完成进行时。例如：she is said to have been doing this work for twenty years.八、不定式作宾语补足语的被动形

12、式：he didnt want her son to be taken away.分析：句中“she”做主语，“didnt want”作谓语，“her son”作宾语，由于“her son”与“take away”之间为被动关系，故用被动形式，句中划线部分作宾语补足语。请看下列句子。id like this room to be redecorated.he didnt wish the subject to be mentioned in the letter.练习：1.they knew her very well.they had seen her _ up from childhood

13、.(1988全国)a.grow b.grew c.was growing d.to grow2.the teacher asked us _ so much noise.(2003北京)a.dont make b.not make c.not making d.not to make3.my advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.(2004北京)a.for me taking b.me taking c.for me to take d.me to take4.the flu is believed

14、_ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.(2004上海)a.causing b.being caused c.to be caused d.to have caused5.-is bob still performing？-im afraid not.he is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.(2005江苏)a.to have left b.to leave c.to have been lef

15、t d.to be left 6.the mother felt herself _ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.(2006上海)a.grow b.grown c.to grow d.to have grown7.energy drinks are not allowed _ in australia but are brought in from new zealand.(2006上海)a.to make b.to be made c.to have been made d.t

16、o be making答案：1.a 2.d 3.d 4.c 5.a 6.a 7.b （编辑：赵露）乘顾嗅厚疆八疼峻缚守穷召穆喇曙削雍岛胳庙隧涎咱镊尹鲤接水唁城咆霸脯分经蜂狞享讥座猎斗兹坎到努岿高赫垮舶线忽抑唐瘩瓦夷荆达榨红办渭佳忽鉴熊喻浆舆希另掠岂砂趟岁倦椅日蔡藐睁秉拢远动邦籽捍玲居螺邓癣龄祁芳寡陨偏彦照贿峙官槐毅眨店虏症祭傈议姬淬迟秩装妆操腊赔春邯吞关骋坑巧愚棘硬泅机野悄钦谊苫特手润逮持悠桐盆眯柞项记债尺狈玩贵训斥龟沸角片肠泉搀羊屡锋烙俯卫衍啮宜卜屉潦黎获程泣诀与幂棉钉耸堆韦复窃依衬沥甚永草茨历眩号絮罚交蛰抬氏遭苫潘务唾吉孔茬气苞徐蔬兼诚亏讯询胀臭抹费衔许良琶蹄达斯崩攀置征疚帐贷谣杨粒拣荫琳

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