课程网站是信息技术在教育教学工作中的一种重要应用形式

1、课程网站是信息技术在教育教案工作中的一种重要应用形式。 据国家精品课程资源中心统计，截止2 0 11年5月，仅精品课程 网站就有2 4 4 4 6 0，访问数达到1 1 6 1 5 0 2 3人次。然 而，其中持续访问的用户一直低于50，交互率（用户之间的网 络互动）也持续低于543，这表明用户几乎不在课程网站上 交流，对课程网站也是偶尔使用，这远不能达到自主学习、协作学 习、提高教案质量之目的。事实上，现有的课程网站，尤其是精品 课程网站大都是为了立项评审而匆忙建成，缺乏特色，对用户（主 要指学生）的认知水平和接受行为缺乏分析，难以引起使用兴趣， 没有真正成为用户展开自主性学习的理想平台。目

2、前，理论界的研 究主要集中于版块设计的相关方面。例如，傅杨武以化学反应工 程为例，从课程网站设计的角度指出课程网站在界面设计、网站 设计以及网站资源等的建设方面应遵循的、页面设计等方面探讨了 校园网环境下课程网站的设计开发。因课程网站具有共享性，李曼 便提出课程网站共建的概念，基于联盟理论，指出课程网站共建可 从共享、参与和竞争三方面促进教案质量的提高，并分析了课程网 站共建中应注意的问题； Course website is an important application in the form of education and teaching work of information t

3、echnology. According to the NationalQualityCourseResourceCenter statistics untiltheendof May 2011, only 24,446 ofwhich had excellent course website, accessingto reach 11,615,023 internetpassengers.However, the users ongoing access to which has been below 50%, andthe interaction rate (network interac

4、tion between users) are consistently below 5.43%, which indicates that the user hardly communicate on the course website. The website of the course is also occasionally used, which isfar from able to achieve selflearning and collaborative learning, the purpose of improving the quality of teaching. I

5、n fact, the existing curriculum website, especially Courses website mostly lack of project evaluation and hastily built, which lead to the lack of features, the lack of analysis of the users (mainly students) and receiving cognitive behavioral level. Due to the use of interest, It is difficultto Exp

6、and the ideal platform for users to become autonomous learning. In the meantime, the research community focused on the theoretical aspects related to the design forum. For example, Fu Yang Wu takes the Chemical Reaction Engineering as an example.From the perspective of the course website, design cou

7、rse website noted in building interface design, website design and website resources should follow page design and other aspectsdiscussedin the campus network course website. Based on course website sharing, Lehman has proposed to build the course website concept, the theory -based coalition pointed

8、 out to build a course website, which can promote the quality of teaching with sharing, participation and competition in three areas.What is more, the course site should pay attention to the issue. 同时，李曼还从公共产品的视角指出课程网站的维护应加强制 度设计和成员激励，引导资源合理配置，发挥团队的整体效应。然 而，目前这些研究都缺乏运用实证研究的方法来关注用户的诉求 点，并对用户的接受行为进行实证

9、研究分析。因为从用户角度出发 运用实证方法研究课程网站应有的特性，不仅可以补充完善理论界 对课程网站的研究，还可以贴近用户，准确把握用户接受课程网站 的影响因素，吸引用户有效、持续使用下去，解决目前用户持续使 用率低、交互率低等问题，以达到提高教案质量的目的。鉴此，笔 者结合课程网站的交互性特点，在技术接受模型和交互理论的基础 上，构建影响用户使用意愿的关系模型，运用结构方程模型对假设 进行验证，并由此提出课程网站建设对策，希望能够充分发挥课程 网站在现代教育教案中的重要作用。 In the meanwhile, Lehman also noted that the course Web si

10、te design and maintenance of the system should be strengthened to motivate members to guide the rational allocation of resources, and to play a team from the perspective of the overall effect of public goods. However, these studies lacking of use of empirical research methods to focus on the users s

11、elling point has empirical research and analysis to accept the behavior of the user. From the users point of view, the use of empirical research methods course website should feature not only complements studies theorists course site, but also close to the user, who accepts an accurate grasp of the

12、factors affecting the course Web site. To effectively attract users to continue using its solution, and to use the low interaction rate and other issues in order to achieve the purpose of improving the quality of teaching. In view of this, the author of the course website interactivity features in t

13、he base model and interactive technology acceptance theory try to build the relational model affecting the user wishes, and using structural equation modeling hypotheses. As a result,websitecoursesarewanted to be able to fully play an important role in modern education course website teaching. （一）结论

14、 （I） Conclusion 本研究的目的主要是探讨影响用户使用课程网站的因素，在技术接 受模型的基础上建立了课程网站接受模型，并对模型中有关 12 个假 设进行了实证检验。研究结果：表明用户认知（感知有用性、感知 易用性和环境认同）与行为态度正相关，感知有用性和环境认同与 使用意向正相关，感知易用性正向影响感知有用性，课程网站的知 识性与感知有用性正相关，课程网站的娱乐性和交互性分别与感知 易用性和环境认同正相关。根据本文的研究结果，笔者可以对我国 大学生课程网站的建设提出几点建议： The purpose of this study was to investigate the fact

15、ors that influence users touse the course website, which established a course website acceptance model based on the technology acceptance model, and talked about 12 assuming empirical test model. Theresults indicate user awareness （perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and environmental identi

16、ty） positively correlated with the behavior and attitude, perceived usefulness and environmental recognition and positive correlation between the use of intention, perceived ease of use positively influence perceived usefulness, curriculum site informative and perceived usefulness positively correla

17、ted course website, which interactive entertainment positively correlated with perceived ease of use, and environmental identity, respectively. Based on the findings of this article, the author can make college courses on the construction site with a few suggestions: 1. 充分利用多媒体技术，营造轻松学习环境目前大部分的课程网页

18、以静态方式展现，其组 织方式也是现行的，教案内容的呈现主要有两种方式： 1. Making full use of multimedia technology to create a relaxed learning environment at present most of the course web statically show, which is also the current organization, and teaching content presented mainly in two ways: （1）文本和静态图像：这种方式相当于书本的生硬搬家； （1） text a

19、nd static images: This method is equivalent to the book blunt move。 （ 2）PowerPoint 讲稿：直接将教师的 PowerPoint 演示文件放到网 上，趣味性明显不强。 网站建设者应当改进课程网站网页外观设计，通过合理的色彩搭配 和清晰的页面布局，突出课程网站的特色风格。同时，借助视频、 动画和声音等多种媒介制作生动形象的多媒体教案资源进行知识传 授。这样不仅能够加深用户对知识的理解和认识，而且能够营造出 轻松愉快的学习氛围，吸引用户主动投身课程网站的学习中。 Website builder programs shou

20、ld improve Web site design with reasonable and clear colors page layout, highlighting the course website features style. Meanwhile, with a variety of media video, animation, and sound production vivid multimedia teaching resources for knowledge transfer. So the user can not only deepen understanding

21、 of knowledge and recognition, but also to create a pleasant learning atmosphere to attract users to actively participate in the learning program website. 2. 提供强大的交互功能，培养网络学习习惯理想的课程网站应能够 根据用户的知识结构、学习情况，动态生成学习内容。这就要求课 程网站具有强大的交互功能。网站除了能够提供实时的课件点播 外，还必须注重多种交互方式，如电子邮件、讨论区、BBS 、在线 答疑等功能。以此同时，还应该利用各种方法、渠

22、道宣传网站，鼓 励学生用户利用网站进行学习交流或讨论问题，培养学生网络学习 的习惯，使他们逐渐能够独立自主地安排学习进度、学习时间和学 习内容，自主完成学习任务。 2. Ideal web site should be able to base on the users knowledge, learning content dynamically generated program structure, provides powerful interactive features and develop study habits. This requires the course websi

23、te possesspowerful interactive features. In addition to providing real-time website courseware on demand, thewebsite also should pay attention to a variety of interaction, such as email, discussion forums, BBS, online Q and other functions. Inthe same time, you should also use a variety of methods,

24、channels promotional site, users use the site to encourage students to communicate or discuss issues of learning, students online learning habits so that they can independently arrange gradually learning progress, learning time and learning content, complete autonomy learning task. 3. 构建立体化教案资源，设立专人

25、负责网站的发展充分利用课程网 站容量特点拓展课程，对各种教案资源进行整合，利用超链接的方 式，将各种媒体组成立体化网络教材，教材内容与课程内容紧密结 合，为用户创建一个立体化教案资源库，从而开拓用户视野。此 外，为了增加课程网站的知识性和网站活力，网站内容必须定期进 行更新。可以考虑指派每学期该课程的主要任课教师作为该时期网 站内容更新的主要负责人，设立专人负责课程网站内容的定期更 新，定期发布课程相关资料（如习题、试卷、音视频课件等），坚 持教师定时在线答疑。 这样，既可以保证用户从网站上获取该课程知识的最新动态，又能 够让课程教授者及时获得用户反馈，更好地把握学习者的学习动态 从而提供更有

26、针对性的指导，提高教案质量。另外，从用户个体的 感知和情感角度出发点，课程网站的建设应更加注重人性化设计， 内容更加 通俗易懂、贴合实际，从而提高用户对课程网站整体的认同感。同 时提高课程网站系统的适应性，为学习者提供量身定做的学习内 容，对于提高网站使用效果具有重要作用。 3. Theconstructionof three-dimensional teaching resources ， andthe establishment of the personal responsible for the site s development programs take full advanta

27、geof the characteristics of the site capacity expansion programs , andthe integration of a variety of teaching resources , andthe use of hyperlinks way , andthe three-dimensional network consist of a variety of media materials, teaching materials and course content closely, creating a three-dimensio

28、nal teaching resources for users, thus opening up a user perspective. In addition, in order to increase the sites informative programs and websites vitality, website content must be regularly updated.Thewebsitecan considereach semester the course of the period as a web content updates, and the main

29、classroom teachers assigned main person responsible for the establishment of the person , who is responsible for the course website content which is regularly updated ( such as exercises, papers, audio and video courseware , etc. ). In this way, you can ensure that users get the latest knowledge fro

30、m the site of the course, but also to allow timely access to course instructors user to feedback, to better grasp the learning dynamic learners, and to provide more targeted guidance to improve the quality of teaching. In addition, from the perspective of the individual user perception and emotional

31、 starting point, building courses should focus more on the website user-friendly design, becausethe content is more user-friendly, thus improving the overall user identity to the course website . While improving the adaptability of the course website system to provide learning content tailored for l

32、earners, improving the site uses effects play an important role. (二)研究局限和未来研究方向 (II) Study limitations and future research directions 使用课程网站辅助学习作为一种行为现象已经引起广大学者的 普遍关注，本研究的贡献在于考虑到了课程网站的特点而将用户方 面的环境认同因素，以及课程网站的特性因素整合进技术接受模 型，从而对用户的课程网站使用意图进行了预测和验证，以便更好 地指导课程网站的建设，推进相关课程建设的健康深入的发展。 Use the course websi

33、te assisted learning as a behavior phenomenon has attracted widespread attention from scholars, and the contribution of this study is to take into account the characteristics of the course site and environmental aspects of user identity factors, as well as factors that course site features integrated into technology acceptance model, asresult, the users intention to use the course site was predicted and validated in order to better guide the construction of the course Web site to promote the construction of health-