论国有森林资源管理存在的问题与对策

1、/ / / /论国有森林资源管理存在的问题与对策P roblems and Coun termeasures on theman ageme nt of state-ow ned forestresources森林资源林地及其所成长的森林有机体的总称，它不只能够为大 家的出产日子供给木材和各类质料制品， 更为重要的是它具有比如调 理气候、坚持水土、净化空气、固碳增氧的效果，具有重要的生态效 益。一起森

2、林仍是生态系统的重要组成部分， 是很多动植物赖以休息 的自然环境，也是大自然的基因库， 因而，对森林资源的培养、维护 和合理使用，既是维护人类生存环境的有必要，也是合理使用森林资 源，推进社会经济发展的需要。但是，关于森林资源的培养维护和使 用开发两者之间又是一种对立，前者着重的是对森林资源的培养，后 者着重的是对森林资源的开发， 怎么在这两者间寻求一种平衡，既维 护好森林的生态效益，又发扬森林的经济效益，是摆在林业作业者面 前的一道难题。In general the woodland forest resources and the growth of forest organisms, i

3、t can not only for the production date and all kinds of material supply of timber products, more importantis that it has such as conditioningclimate, soil, airp urificati on, adhere tosolid carb on oxyge n, has imp orta ntecological ben efits.An imp orta nt part of the forest ecological system is st

4、ill together, is a lot of ani mals and p la nts forthe rest of the n atural en viro nment, the gene po ol, is also a nature and therefore, trai ning, maintenance and rati onal use of forest resources, is not only the maintenance of humanlivingenvironment is necessary, as the rationaluse of forest re

5、sources, to promote the social and economic development.However, it is a kind of an tag onism betwee n maintenance training on forest resources devel opment and use of the two, the former pays attention to the cultivation of forestresources, the latter paysattentionto the developmentofforest resourc

6、es, how to find a balaneebetween the two, both to maintain good ecological ben efit of forest, and pro mote econo mic ben efit of forest, is a p roblem p laced in front of forestry workers.1956 年森林资源管理功用一向处于弱势，森林资源管理功用被削弱是先 天要素构成的首先是主管部门的组织设置形成的负面影响。国家树立森工部，学习的是前苏联管理体制，实施森工与营林分治的 管理形式，森工公司内部的财务管理相对独

7、立，自成体系，营林不核 算产量，森工公司基建费由国家出资，彻底不思考森林是可再生资源, 也不思考森林资源的自然条件。1958年农、林两部兼并后，也没有 及时拿出一个处理这些对立的具体办法， 以及怎么树立合理的采育经 济关系，这就从根本上给林区采育失调埋下了危险。Forest resources managementfunction has always been weak,forest resource managementfunction is weakening is congenital factors is the first n egative in flue nee form th

8、e Dep artme nt incharge of the organization.In 1956 the nationalset SenDep artme nt, lear ning isthe former Soviet Union man ageme nt system, the impi eme ntatio n of forestry and forest man ageme nt and forest man ageme nt form, internal finan cial man ageme nt isrelatively independent,self-contain

9、ed,not accountingofis a renewable resource,forest p roducti on, forestry company cap ital inv ested by the state, comp letely dont thi nk forestalso do not think the natural forest resourcesconditions. In 1958 two after the merger of agricultural, forest, also do nothave time to come up with a con c

10、rete wayto deal with theopp ositi on,as well as how to establish reas on able to ado pt the econo mic relati on shi p, which fun dame ntally to forest tending disorders buried the dan ger.林区经济结构单一，过于着重木材供给。长期以来，对于森林资源的开发使用，过于着重森林的木材供给功用，这不只形成林区经济 结构单一，木材供给占林区经济的较大比重， 一起也致使林区的出产 和作业都环绕木材二字做文章， 这不只加大了

11、森林木材的耗费，一起 也致使森林的资源存量不断降低。太阳能热水工程因为侧重木材的森 林资源使用形式没有得到大的改动，致使森林资源的培养康复缓慢, 森林抚育作业停滞不前，森林砍伐方法失控，逐沟逐坡的大面积皆伐 的出产作业方法经常见到，尽管林业部清晰了主伐方法后又推行采育 统筹伐，但出产部门在木材出产计划指标的压力下， 根本难以履行工 业锅炉，即便选用择伐，其强度也在70%以上，与皆伐没有什么区别。形成森林资源的严重破坏。The econo mic structure in sin gle, too focused on timber supply. Lon g-term sin ce, for

12、the devel opment of the use of forest resources, too focused on timber supply functions of the forest, which not only formed in a single economic structure, timber supply acco un ted for the larger prop orti on of forest regi on, together with the result ing in forest p roducti on and op erati on ar

13、e around two words of the wood, which not onlyin creased the cost of forest wood, also result ingin the forest resource stocks continue to reduce. Because the focus of timber forest resource use forms have not been major changes, result ing in the slow recovery trai ning of forest resources,forest tendingop erati onsrema in stag nant, deforestati onmethod is out of control,large area by ditch by slope clearcut p roducti on op erati on method ofte n see, although the Mini stry of forestry clear felli ng method and impi eme ntati on p la n ofcutting, but production departmentof produ