上海中考英语首字母填空专项练习

1、 模块十九：首字母填空一、首字母填空解题技巧首字母填空是阅读体中的一个重点和难点，但是只要掌握良好的解题技巧，静下心来认真对待，细心捉摸就一定能攻克这一堡垒。在做这道题是一般应该把握好如下步骤：1、 通读全文，理解短文大意，判断需填选项的词性，同时将一眼能够得出的答案迅速填上。2、 在理解作者的写作意图上进行换位思考，把自己想象成作者去努力使文章完整、通顺。对于一下子拿不定主意的空项要及时跳过，而不能在上面纠缠，因为往往后面的内容会给予更好的提示。3、 进一步阅读全文，力求整篇文章完整通顺，且符合情理，否则宁缺勿乱。4、 检查每一个答案的正确性，包括名词的数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的准确运用

2、等等。二、例题分析：athe earth moves round the s 1 . when our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d 2 .when our part of the earth turns a 3 from the sun, it is night. the sun is much bigger than the moon. but sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n 4 to the earth.the sun is ve

3、ry bright. it gives very strong l 5 . the moon looks quite bright, but it d 6 give any light at all. the light from the moon comes f 7 the sun. the moon looks much bigger and brighter t 8 the stars. but in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m 9 . they look smaller than the moon be

4、cause they are f 10 away from the earth.【解题指导】 本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大远小的视觉现象，第三段说明了太阳与月亮发光与反光的特征。本文每一个考点都是对天文知识的考查。因此，没有一定的天文常识，则不易读懂本文，更不用说解题了。近年来，中考完形填空的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围，这就要求考生知识广博、视野开阔、广泛涉猎。【答案及简析】 1. sun. 地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。 2. day. 地球面对太阳的半个球面是白

5、天。 3. away. turn away from意为“背离”。地球上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。 4. nearer. much 后接比较级。和太阳比起来月亮离地球近多了。 5. light. give light意为“发光”。太阳是发光体。 6. doesnt. 月亮不发光。 7. from. 月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮的光来自于太阳。 8. than. 由空前的bigger and brighter 可知，此处应填表示比较的连词than。 9. moon. 根据文意，下句的they代指空格所在句子的主语the stars。因此两句中than后的应是同一物，即moon。 10. far

6、ther. 恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球比月亮远。从句中的than the moon承前省略。此空仍应该用比较级。 bdogs are good pets. they are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3arrives. when you buy a dog, an important thing

7、to think about is its s 4 -buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. many people dont know how much to feed their dogs. dogs eat a 6 anything! they like meat, rice and lots of other things. you can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. dont let your dogs eat too much

8、. feed it only once a day. always l 8 water for your dog. it can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 . remember that dogs need e 10 . you should take it for a walk every day. dont keep your dog inside all day.【解题指导】本文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说明的。因此，同学们在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析上下文的内

9、容，进行推理和归纳，正确的理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。 【答案及简析】 1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们比较通人性，且对人很友好，能给人们带来欢乐。根据“be very f 1 to people”来分析，此空应填一个形容词，表明狗对人的态度。friend是名词，friendly是形容词，故friendly是正确答案。 2. children. 宠物狗自然是在家中养， 它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。由于是指大多数家庭的情况，并受their一词的提示，此处应填“孩子”的复数形式，即children。 3. strange

10、r. 狗的天性是护家。文中的watch-dogs意为“看家狗”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。“生人”在英文中即为stranger。 4. size. 这个空略微有点难。一是size一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题“如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。” 5. yours. 这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的your home。此句完整的说法应是buy a small dog if your home is small and buy a bigger one

11、if your home is larger. 为避免词的重复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。 6. almost. “狗几乎什么都吃。”这一点我们从日常生活中也都知道，而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释说明，“他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。” 7. made. 这是make的过去分词，在这里与for dogs一起做定语，修饰food，整句的意思是“你可以在食品店买到许多为狗做的食物。”这个空也是一个难点。若没有正确理解句意，很容易写成meat。 8. leave. 有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，特别是在夏天

12、。 9. summer. 如果了解了狗的这一生理功能（靠舌头来散热），就不难填出summer一词。 10. exercise. 如果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病的话，就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子you should take it for a walk every day. dont keep your dog inside all day. 来看，说明狗也需要运动。exercise当“运动”讲时， 是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加s。 【基础题】1a driver stopped his car on a street side to have a rest. he lay down in

13、 the seat and c_ his eyes. a man came up and k_ at the window to ask the time. the driver o_ his eyes and looked at his watch. its 8 am. he said. then he went to sleep again.but soon he woke up b_ a second person was knocking at the window. sir, do you have the time? he asked. the driver looked at h

14、is watch again, and told the man it was 8:30am.at this rate, he could not have a good rest, so he wrote a short n_ and put it upon the window for all to see. it s_: i dont have the time. again the man lay down in the seat for his sleep. a few minutes later, a t_ person came along and began knocking

15、at the window. “hay, sir,” he said. it is a quarter to nine.keys: closed, knocked, opened, because, note, said, third.2it was sunday. i never get up e_ on sundays. i sometime s_ in bed until lunch time. last sunday i got up very l_. i looked out of the window. it was d_ outside. what a day! i though

16、t. it is raining again. just then, the telephone rang. it was my aunt lucy. i have just arrived by train, she said. i am c_ to see you.but i am s_ having my breakfast, i said. what are you doing? she asked.i am having breakfast, i r_. dear me. she said. do you always get up so late? its one oclock!k

17、eys: early, stay, late, dark, coming, still, replied.3until a few years ago, only boys could become s_ at the university of ruritania (鲁里坦尼亚). later the university decided to take girls in. but one of the teachers, mr. goller was not pleased at all. he had not wanted to l_ girl students in.mr. goite

18、r always began his lesson with the word gentlemen. what could he do now? well, when the girt students came to his lesson for the f_ time, he still began with the word. for him the girls were j_ not there. then one day there was only one boy in his class among a lot of girls. for a moment, mr. goller

19、 didnt k_ what to do. then he began. sir!f_, a terrible day came when there were no boys in his class. he came into the room, looked at the girls and said, oh, nobodys here today! he turned and went out w_ giving his lessons.keys: students, let, first, just, know, finally, without.4in 1995, ray kroc

20、 v_ a small restaurant in california. the o_ of it was the mcdonald brothers. they built it b_ the road, so people could drive up to the restaurant, buy food without g_ out of their cars and drive away easily. they called it drive-in restaurant.ray kroc saw the bright f_ of the restaurant of this ki

21、nd. he bought the restaurant and used the brothers family name for his new r_. the first mcdonalds restaurant chain was born.now in the united states, there are more than 5.000 restaurants and it has its chain restaurants in 60 other countries. the l_ mcdonalds restaurant is in beijing. china. it ha

22、s 1,000 workers. about 700 people can sit and eat there at one time.keys: visited, owners, beside, going, future, restaurant, largest. 5.millions and millions of years ago, the world was much w_ than it is now. there was never any winter or snow. warm rain fell on the land. even the sea was warm. in

23、 this warm world lived some beasts called dinosaurs. they were the kings of the world for a long time.in the days of the dinosaurs there were no human beings. so no man has ever seen a r_ dinosaur. but we found a lot about the dinosaurs after years of study. some dinosaurs lived near the water w_ so

24、me lived on land. some ate only plants and some ate other a_.after millions of years, something h_ to the dinosaurs. they began to die out at once. no one knows what happened. but we know that the world grew a little colder. maybe the dinosaurs could live when it was very warm, and they died out whe

25、n it became cold. but we are not sure. all we know is that the dinosaurs were the kings of the world for a long time. and no animals like them have ever been seen a_.keys: warmer, real, while, animals, happened, once, again.6.a woman saw three old men sitting in front of the house. she said. you mus

26、t be h_.come in and have something to eat.we do not go into a house together. they replied. why is that? asked the woman. one of the old men e_, his name is wealth, this is success, and i am love. then he went on to say. now go in and discuss with your husband which one of us you want in your home.t

27、hen the woman went in and told her husband what was said. her husband said. lets invite wealth! let him come and fill our home with wealth! his wife d_, my dear, why dont we invite success? then the daughter made a s_, would it be better to invite love? our home will then be filled with love! lets t

28、ake our daughters advice, said the father.love got up and started walking toward the house. the other two also got up and f_ him. surprised, the lady asked wealth and success, i only invite love. why are you coming in with him?the old men answered t_, if you had invited wealth or success, the other

29、two of us would have stayed out, s_ you invited love, there is also wealth and success!keys: hungry, explained, disagreed, suggestion, followed, together, since7.when you want to go s_, decide how much money you can s_ on new clothes. think about the kind of clothes you really need. then look for th

30、ose clothes on sale.there are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. the labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. the label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in w_ water. a sweater label may tell you to wash it in cold water the label on a coat may say dry clean only. if you do as the d_ say o

31、n the label, you can keep your clothes looking their best. many clothes must be dry cleaned. dry cleaning is expensive. when buying new clothes, check to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. you will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.you can save money if you buy clothes that are

32、well made. well-made clothes l_ longer. they look good even after they have been washed many times. clothes that c_ more money are not always better made. they do not always fit better. sometimes l_ expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.keys: shopping, spend, warm, direct

33、ions, money, last, cost, less, 8.when albert einstein started to work in america, someone asked him what he needed. he said he needed a desk, some paper and pencils. he also asked for a big waste-paper basket to hold a_ of his mistakes. this meant that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can

34、 only learn by making m_. einstein regarded time as something very i_. he never wore socks and he thought p_ on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes. he also thought it was a waste of time remembering things that could quickly be found in a b_. that is w_ he never remembered his ow

35、n phone number, which was in the phone book. he knew what was worth remembering. it is that if we are going to do great things in our lives, we cannot waste our time.einstein liked to j_ too. once in an examination a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last years. einstein said

36、the questions were the same but the answers were d_keys: any, mistakes, important, putting, book, why, true, joke, different9.now satellites are to forecast the weather. they are in s_, and they can reach any part of the world. the satellites take the pictures of the atmosphere, because this is wher

37、e the weather forms. they send these pictures to the weather station. so the scientists there can see the weather of any part of the world and tell how the weather will c_. today, n_ 500 weather stations in 60 countries can receive satellite pictures. when they receive the new pictures, they compare

38、 them with the e_ ones. perhaps they may find that the clouds have changed d_ the last few hours. this may m_ that the weather on the ground may soon change, too. in their next weather forecast, they can tell people about it.so the weather satellites are of great h_ to the scientists at the station.

39、 in the past they could forecast the weather for about 24 or 48 hours. now they can make good forecast for 3 or 5 days. soon, perhaps, they may be able to forecast the weather for a week or m_ ahead.keys: space, change, nearly, earlier, during, mean, help, more.10.most parents always think that they

40、 have offered the best things they can to make their children live in a c_ world. they buy their children pretty clothes, cool shoes, strange but e_ school things, and a thousand-yuan-cost bike. they think that they have done e they can for their dear little children. in _, they only want their chil

41、dren to give them good results in the examinations.but their little children still cant understand them. why? does it m_ that they still want more material things? no! as a matter of fact, what they want is a true family. what does a true family mean? i think it means a place where we can hide o_ fr

42、om the outside cold world. from here, we can get warmth. we can get consolation(安慰), and we can get h_. and one important thing is that we should be stronger and more confident in the outside world because we know that we have a family.keys: comfortable, expensive, everything, return, mean, ourselve

43、s, help, 11.in spain there once l _ a king and he was very fond of joke. i will give a bag full of gold. he said, to the person who can tell me the best story. there is only one r_, it must be a story which i can not believe. if i can believe it. then i wont give away the bag of gold.people came to

44、the king from all parts of the c_. they brought strange and w_ stories. the king sat in his palace and listen to all the stories. he e_ them very much, but to each person he said. i can believe that story. it could h_ and it may be true. so i wontgive you the bag of gold.at last a poor old man came

45、to the palace. he was carrying a huge stone jar. the old man went into the kings room and said. oh, king, your good father was once a poor man and my father was rich. they were very good friends. my father gave your father a large bag like this one.and it was full of gold. your father p_ to give bac

46、k the gold when he became rich. but he didnt give it back. now i am poor and you are rich. and i want the gold. the king didnt believe the story and he had to give the poor old man the bag of gold.keys: lived, joke, country, wonderful, enjoyed, happen, promised. 12dear smith,thank you very much for

47、your letter. i am glad that you enjoyed your h_ with me. we enjoyed having you and your sister here. we hope that you will b_ be able to come again next year. perhaps youll be able to s_ longer next time you come. a week is not really long e_, is it? if your school has five weeks holiday next year,

48、perhaps you will be able to stay with us for two or three weeks.we have been long b_ at school for three weeks. it feels like three months! i know that you are working very hard now that you are in grade one. i shall have to work hard next year when i am in grade one.tom and ann went for a picnic ye

49、sterday but i did not go with them b_ i cut my foot and i couldnt walk very well. they went to an island and enjoyed themselves there. do you still remember the island? that is where all five of us s_ the last day of our holiday.we send our best wishes to betty and you. we hope to see you soon.yours

50、 sincerely. michaelkeys: holiday, both, stay, enough, back, because, spent13.we know the mosquito very well. mosquitoes fly everywhere. they can be found almost all over the world, and there are more than 2,500 k_ of them. no one 1_the mosquito. but the mosquito may decide what she loves. she? yes,

51、she. it is true that male mosquito doesnt bite and only the female mosquito bites because she needs blood to lay e_. she is always looking for things or p_ she wants to bite. if she likes what she finds, she bites. but if she doesnt like your blood, she will turn to someone e_ for more delicious blo

52、od. next time a mosquito bites you just remember you are c_. you are different from the others.if the mosquito likes you, she lands on your body w_ letting you know. she bites you so quickly and q_ that you may not feel anything different.keys: kind, likes, eggs, people, else, chosen, without, quiet

53、ly14.my grandfather was a teacher. he was the headmaster of a school for boys between the ages of thirteen and eighteen. i know that he was a kind man when i was young (and he was old), he gave me presents, and sat me on his k_ and told me s_. but i believe the boys at his school were a_ of him. at

54、school, when he walked into a room full of naughty boys, they stopped t_ at once. when he looked at a boy with a certain look in his eyes, that boy was red in the face, and looked down at his s_. if a boy brought him p_ homework, my grandfather would pick up the boys book and throw it across the roo

55、m, shouting.do it again, and bring it back first thing in the morning! if the boy was late, or if he f_ to bring his work, he had to do it again, and again, and yet again.keys: knees, stories, afraid, talking, shoes, poor, forgot15.no one knows why we sleep, but it is certain that we need to. people

56、 who are prevented from sleeping begin to suffer obvious effects after a few days-they think l_ clearly, and they fall asleep d_ the working hours. there are no rules about sleep. generally speaking, grown-ups sleep about 7 and a half hours each night, and probably more than 60% get b_ seven and eight hours. but perhaps eight percent are quite happy with 5 hours or less, and four perce