高考英语短文改错考点分类解析

1、高考英语短文改错考点分类解析主谓一致一、考点规律分析从广义来说，英语中的一致问题涉及多个方面，如主谓一致、人称的一致、并列结构的前后一致等。由于人称的一致已归入“代词”考点、并列结构的前后一致已分别归入非谓语动词、时态等，所以这里只归纳主谓一致问题。二、真题单句归纳(1) Bill was standing at the side of the car, talking to two men who was helping him to repair it. (was 改为 were，因先行词 two men 是复数，所以修饰该先行词的定语从句的谓语动词也应用复数) (全国卷)(2) Play

2、ing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit. (give 改为 gives，它与makes 为平行结构，构成并列谓语动词) (全国卷)(3) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. (is 改为 are，因主语是 my picture and the prize，故谓语动词要用复数) (全国卷)(4) But then there is always

3、more mysteries to look into. (is 改为 are，因其后的 mysteries 为复数，故谓语动词要用复数) (北京春季卷)(5) But not allinformation are good to society. (are改为is，因为主语是不可数名词information，表单数) (广西卷)(6) So then, a concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. (cost改为costs，因主语是单数a concert，根据全文用的都是现在的时态，故用一般现在时) (年四川卷)(7) If I li

4、sten to my own records, there are no need to spend money. (are改为is，因为在there be结构中的be用is还是用are，由紧跟在be后的那个名词的单复数来决定，此处no need是单数，所以用is) (四川卷)(8) you will probably want to join the Stamp Collectors Club which exist to add more stamps to your collection. (exist改为exists，因主语which是指the Stamp Collectors Clu

5、b，这是单数，所以用exists) (浙江卷)(10) One evening she told me that something happened when their parents was out. (was改为were，因为主语their parents是复数，所以不用was要用were) (年福建卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Her parents were in Shanghai, and so was his.(2) As is known to us all, remembering English words are not easy.(3) The police was l

6、ooking for the murderer everywhere in the city.(4) Writing English and speaking it is different things.(5) It is the parents and their son who wants to buy the bicycle.(6) What he said at the meeting were very important to us.【参考答案】(1) was 改为 were，因其主语 his 为 his parents 之略，为复数。(2) are 改为 is，句子主语为动名词

7、短语 remembering English words，故其谓语动词要用单数。(3) was 改为 were，police 作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数。(4) is 改为 are，因句子主语为复数。(5) wants 改为 want，此句为强调句，强调的是主语 the parents and their son，为复数。(6) were 改为 was，名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。形容词与副词一、考点规律分析短文改错对形容词与副词的考查主要涉及形容词和副词比较等级的误用(尤其是在本身已是比较级的词前误加more)、形容词与副词的混用(如修饰动词时误用形容词或修饰名词时误用副词)等

8、，另外，用作表语时该用形容词的却误用了名词、简短副词(如 in, down 等)的误加与漏用、涉及形容词搭配的asas 结构、how 与 what 的混用等也是常考的考点。二、真题单句归纳(1) After an hour or so we began to feel very frightening. (frightening 改为 frightened，因它表示某人感到害怕，而不是令人害怕) (全国卷)(2) Charles said, “As soon as I see a realy tall building, I want to climb it. (realy 改为 really

9、 或 real，若改为 really，则修饰 tall；若改为 real，则修饰 building) (全国卷)(3) Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the taller building in New York. (taller 改为 tallest，因从含义上看此处应是最高级) (全国卷)(4) As a result, people in the modern world generally live much more longer than people in the past. (去掉 more，因为 longer 本身已是比较级，不能再受 m

10、ore 修饰) (全国卷)(5) Therefore, there are still some countries where people have shorter lives. (Therefore 改为 However，因此处语意转折) (全国卷)(6) People in industrial countries can expect to live for twice so long as people who lived a few hundred years ago. (so long as 改为 as long as，其意为“与一样长”) (全国卷)(7) In some p

11、laces you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因as . as 结构不完整) (全国卷)(8) I told Mother, Father, Sister and all my friends here that a great time I had. (that 改为 what) (全国卷)(9) I never knew a ride down a river could be so much exciting. (去掉 much，因 much 不能用来修饰形容词的原级，尽管它可用来修饰比较级和最高级) (全国卷)(10

12、) Im sure well have a wonderfully time together. (wonderfully 改为 wonderful，因它是放在名词前作定语) (全国卷)(11) First, let me tell you something more about myself. (去掉 more，因从上下文看，这是第一次给对方写信，不存在谈谈“更多情况”的问题) (全国卷)(12) I used to play ping-pong a lot in my spare time, but now I am interesting in football. (interesti

13、ng 改为 interested，be interested in 意为“对感兴趣”) (全国卷)(13) Also, the sport teaches us the important of obedience. (important 改为 importance，teach 后可接名词或代词作宾语，但不接形容词作宾语) (全国卷)(14) Unfortunate, there are too many people in my family. (Unfortunate 改为 Unfortunately，因此处要求用副词作状语) (全国卷)(15) I think I liked those

14、 classes because I felt that they helped me understand what the world works. (what 改为 how，how 在此表示方式) (北京春季卷)(16) After learning the basics of the subject,nothing else seemed very practically to me.(practically 改为 practical，此处用形容词作表语) (北京春季卷)(17) Whenever I see them I will often think of my English

15、teacher. (去掉 often,因句中的whenever 与 often 意义重复) (全国卷)(18) What things are in other homes, I wonder. (What 改为 How，句意为“不知其他家庭的情况是怎样的”) (全国卷)(19) For instance, one night he played strong and loudly music till four oclock in the morning. (loudly 改为 loud，与 strong 并列作定语，修饰 music) (北京春季卷)(20) But he is diffe

16、rence now. (difference改为different，即用形容词作表语) (北京春季卷)(21) The time passes quickly. Evening came down.(去掉 down，要表示“夜幕来临”直接说 Evening came 即可) (全国卷)(22) although radios can be very noise. (noise 改为 noisy，即用形容词作表语) (北京春季卷)(23) all planned and written by grown-ups to make children want things that they don

17、t real need. (real 改为 really，修饰动词要用副词) (北京春季卷)(24) But one of the best players in our team told me just then that he wouldnt play basketball any more. (then 改为 now，just now 为习语，意为“刚才”) (安徽春季卷)(25) But one of the best players in our team told me just now that he wouldnt play basketball once more. (on

18、ce 改为 any，not any more为习语，意为“不再”) (安徽春季卷)(26) I would describe myself as shy and quietly. (quietly 改为quiet，and连接并列成分quite和shy) (全国卷)(27) Finding information on the Net is easily. (easily改为easy，作表语要用形容词) (年广西卷)(28) Yes, a concert can be very excited. (excited改为exciting，表示某事物是“令人兴奋的”用exciting；表示某人“感到兴

19、奋”才用excited) (四川卷)(30) Nowadays millions of people of all age take pleasure in a hobby which is both interested and fun. (interested 改为 interesting，指某事物是“令人有趣的”，用interesting，表示某人“对感兴趣”时，用interested) (浙江卷)(31) She called 119 immediate. (immediate改为immediately，用作状语，要用副词) (福建卷)(32) However,we seldom fe

20、lt lonely or helplessly. (helplessly改为helpless，在系动词felt后作表语，要用形容词) (年天津卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Ill try to be more carefully next time.(2) China is much more bigger than the United States.(3) There are few boys than girls in our class.(4) He says that skiing is much exciting than skating.(5) The more money you

21、 make, the most you spend.(6) He found someone was following her, so she felt frightening.(7) It was real very dangerous. You might have injured yourself.(8) In fact, we finished the work without any difficult.(9) Look at the asleep boy. How lovely!(10) The fish tastes well; why not have a try?(11)

22、Last week was very rain. I didnt go out the whole week.(12) The sun rises in the east and sets down in the west. (13) I promise to return back before 10. (14) The book contains much use information. Its well worth reading.(15) This is quite far the mostly expensive bicycle in the shop.(16) The worke

23、rs warm welcomed us at their offices.(17) Oh, its simply wonderfully to see you here!(18) She is in more health now than she was last year.【参考答案】(1) carefully 改为 careful，用形容词作表语。(2) 去掉more，more 不能修饰比较级。(3) few 改为 fewer，注意句中的 than。(4) 将 much 改为 more，或在 much 后加more，此句涉及 skiing 与 skating 的比较。(5) most 改

24、为 more，the morethe more 意为“越越”。(6) frightening 改为 frightened，frightening表示“令人害怕的”、“恐怖的”；frightened表示“感到害怕的”。(7) real 改为 really，修饰形容词用 really，不用 real。(8) difficult 改为 difficulty，用名词形式作介词 without 的宾语。(9) asleep 改为 sleeping, asleep 为表语形容词，不用于名词前作定语。(10) well 改为 good, nice 等，taste 在此为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。(11)

25、rain 改为 rainy，此处用形容词作表语。(12) 去掉 down，因 set 相当于 go down，本身就包括了 down。(13) 去掉 back，或将 return 改为 come / be。因 return 相当于 come back 或 be back。(14) use 改为 useful，用形容词作定语修饰名词。(15) mostly 改为 most，most 在此用于构成最高级。(16) warm 改为 warmly，修饰动词要用副词，不用形容词。(17) wonderfully 改为 wonderful，用形容词作表语。(18) more 改为 better，为 in

26、good health 的比较级形式。时态一、考点规律分析动词时态考点主要涉及一般现在时与一般过去的区别，其命题方式通常是在一个一般现在时的背景下误用某个一般过去时；或者反过来，在一个一般过去时的背景下误用某个一般现在时。从所涉及的动词来看，主要涉及be 和 have两个常用动词。有时也涉及其他时态，如一般将来时，现在完成时等，但很少见。二、真题单句归纳(1) We were driving along a narrow road when the car stop(stop改为stopped) (全国卷)(2) and had returned to the car! Bill is sta

27、nding at the side of the car (is 改为 was) (全国卷)(3) Two months ago they were back in America. Last Sunday, police cars hurry to the(hurry 改为 hurried) (全国卷)(4) Today, it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past. (第二个is 改为 was) (全国卷)(5) Also, scientists and doctors had learned how to deal wit

28、h many diseases. (had 改为 have) (全国卷)(6) Anyone may borrow books, and it cost nothing to borrow them. (cost 改为 costs) (全国卷)(7) If the book you will want is out, you may ask for it to be called back for you. (去掉 will) (全国卷)(8) I had always wanted to return to the village after moving away and it is re

29、ally great to see most of my old friends again. (is 改为 was) (全国卷)(9) They offered me coffee and other drinks. We have a good time talking and laughing together. (have 改为 had) (全国卷)(10) I learn about you from my English teacher, Miss Fang. (learn 改为learned) (全国卷)(11) My favourite sport is football. I

30、 was a member of our school football team. (was 改为 is) (全国卷)(12) I am happy with any programme but the others spent a lot of time arguing and there was no way of settling the matter except by selling the set. (am 改为 was) (全国卷)(13) Id like very much to come but I had an examination on Monday morning.

31、 It is a very (had 改为have) (北京春)(14) I remembered her words and calm down. (calm改为calmed)(全国卷)(15) They did not want me to doany work at home; they want me to devote all my time to (did 改为 do) (全国卷)(16) He said he is busy. (is 改为 was) (北京春)(17) On the way up I was busy taking pictures since the scen

32、ery was so beautiful. The time passes quickly. (passes 改为 passed) (全国卷)(18) But his parents think going to college is more important than playing sports and college was the only place for a smart boy like his son. (was 改为 is) (安徽卷)(19) At once I apologizeand controlled myseff at my best till the din

33、ner started.(apologize改为 apologized) (江苏卷)(20) Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we become stranger at once. (talked改为 talk) (全国卷)(21) She stopped to look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house. (find改为 found) (福建卷)(22) We w

34、ere living in a big family. We treat each other as brothers and sisters. (treat改为 treated) (天津卷)(23 I am always young when I was staying with them. (am改为 was) (湖北卷)三、模拟单句演练(1) Just now Jim tells me his mother was ill.(2) I phone the other students a moment ago.(3) We often played together when we ar

35、e children.(4) What are you doing when I called you?(5) I see you in the park. You were talking to a pretty girl.(6) She doesnt hear the doorbell, for she was watching TV.(7) Well stay at home playing cards if it will rain tomorrow. (8) Please let me know if you will have any trouble.(9) He hurt his

36、 back when he is playing football with his classmates.(10) Ill write to him when I finished the book.(11) Charles worked hard since leaving school. (12) In fact, I am very thin when I was young.(13) He is kind to me. Although he is very busy, he still came to see me. (14) How long have you been here

37、? How did you like our city?(15) As is known to us all, the earth turned around the sun.(16) Im interested in English, so I spoke it better than the others do. (17) Dont worry about it. I promise you I come to help you.(18) Now everything is dear. Even a small piece of bread cost one yuan.(19) Remem

38、ber to turn off the lights before you will leave. (20) I forget to tell him the news. Shall we telephone him now?【参考答案】(1) tell 改为 told，因句中有表过去的时间状语just now(刚刚)。(2) phone 改为 phoned，因句中有表过去的时间状语a moment ago。(3) are 改为 were，因主句谓语为一般过去时。(4) are 改为 were，因从句谓语为一般过去时。(5) see 改为 saw，因下文用了 were talking。(6)

39、doesnt 改为 didnt，因下文用了 was watching。(7) 去掉if从句中的 will，因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。(8) 去掉 will，因条件状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。(9) is 改为 was，因主句中的hurt为一般过去时。(10) finished 改为finish，或在 finished 前加 have。即在时间状语从句中要用一般现在时表示将来意义，但这里也可用现在完成时表示完成。(11) worked 前加has，句中的 since 表示“自从以来一直”，即表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间，故用现在完成时。(12) am 改为 was，根据

40、从句中的一般过去时可知 am 应改为 was。(13) came 改为 comes，根据前面的两处一般现在时可知。(14) did 改为 do，根据前面的现在完成时可知“你”现在还在我们城市，故后面一句问的是“你”现在对我们城市的看法。(15) turned 改为 turns。本句叙述的是客观真理，故用一般现在时。(16) spoke 改为 speak。全句叙述的是现在的情况。(17) come 前加 will，根据句意，此处应是将来时态。(18) cost 改为 costs，句子讲述的是现在的一般情况。(19) 去掉 will，时间状语从句要用一般现在时表示将来意义。(20) forget

41、改为 forgot，根据句意，此题的“忘记”应是指过去忘记。缺词考点一、考点规律分析与多词错误的情形相似，漏词也主要涉及英语中一些“小”词，如冠词、介词、不定式符号、人称代词、动词 be等。具体说来，漏词错误可能涉及的问题有：不及物动词后接宾语时漏加必要的介词，在该带不定式符号to的地方漏加 to，在单数可数名词表示泛指意义时漏加必要的限定词(尤其是漏加不定冠词)，漏掉表特指的定冠词，漏掉被动语态中的助动词 be，漏加系表结构中的连系动词 be，漏加一些常用结构或表达中的介词(如漏掉 a lot of 中的 of，漏掉 because of 中的 of，漏掉 instead of 中的 of等

42、)，漏掉某些从句的“引导词”(通常会导致意义不通)，等等。二、真题单句归纳(1) When we walked to the car, Bill smiled and shook head. (head 前加 his，汉语可“摇头”，而按英语的习惯要说 shake ones head) (全国卷)(2) When I have free time I go a long walk. (go 后加 for，go for a walk 是习语) (全国卷)(3) Charles said, “As soon I see a realy tall building, I want to climb

43、it.（第一个I 前加 as，因为 as soon as 为引导时间状语从句的引导词）(全国卷)(4) Good health is persons most valuable possession. (persons 前加 a，这里的 a 表泛指) (全国卷)(5) The World Health Organization andother organizations are working improve health all over the world. (improve前加 to，to improve为表目的的不定式短语) (全国卷)(6) There is public libr

44、ary in every town in Britain. (public library 前加 a，因这里的 public library 是单数可数名词表泛指，故在其前用 a) (全国卷)(7) In some places you may borrow many books as you want. (many 之前加 as，因此处为as . as 结构) (全国卷)(8) and let you know when the book you want has returned. (returned 之前加 been，因从句意上看，此处用被动语态) (全国卷)(9) I had alwa

45、ys wanted return to the village after moving away. (return前加 to，因为 want 后要接不定式) (全国卷)(10) I told Mother, Father, Sister, all my friends here what a great time I had. (all 前加 and，表示并列关系) (全国卷)(11) They eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of questions. (eager 前加were，因此处缺谓语动词) (全国卷)(

46、12) Id like to your pen-friend, and get to know more about your country. (to 后加 be / become，因 would like 后接不定式，根据句意此处应补 be / become) (全国卷)(13) What your favourite sport? (what 后加 is 或将 What 改为 Whats，此句缺谓语) (全国卷)(14) We must keep in mind that we play for the team instead ourselves. (instead 后加 of，ins

47、tead of 为复合介词，在此表示“而不是”) (全国卷)(15) Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team. (captain 前加冠词 the，captain 为特指) (全国卷)(16) I was happy with any programme but the others spent a lot time arguing(a lot 后加 of，因 a lot 不能直接修饰名词) (全国卷)(17) Ill take this chance to wish you wonderful time on

48、your birthday. (wonderful 前加 a，该表达与 have a good time 类似，其中的 a 不可省) (北京春季卷)(18) Id like very much come but I had an examination on Monday morning. (come 前加 to，因为 would like 后接不定式) (北京春季卷)(19) The day before the speech contest(比赛) English teacher talked to me. (English 前加 my，teacher 为单数可数名词，前面要限定词) (全

49、国卷)(20) In one class, I learned it rained.(it 前加why，why 在此表原因) (北京春季卷)(21) But then there is always more mysteries look into. (look 前加 to，此处为不定式作后置定语) (北京春季卷)(22) My parents love me dearly of course and will do all they can make sure that I get a good education. (make 前加 to，因为 to make 在此用作目的状语，注意句型

50、do all one can to do sth) (全国卷)(23) As everyone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.(在 famous 前加 a，注意 mountain 是单数可数名词) (全国卷)(24) It was about noon we arrived at the foot of the mountain. (we 前加 when，时间状语从句缺少连词引导) (全国卷)(25) There will an important game next month. (will 后

51、加be，此处缺谓语动词) (安徽春季卷)(26) Because so much viewing, children may not develop the habit of reading and the ability to enjoy themselves. (Because 后加 of，因 so much viewing 相当于名词) (北京春季卷)(27) One day I wrote a little story and showed to my teacher. (showed 后加 it，showed 在此作及物动词，后面缺少宾语) (全国卷)(28) When I was

52、boy, the most exciting thing was to celebrate the Spring Festival. (boy 前加 a，因 boy 为可数名词) (江苏卷)(29) You can find all kinds information in just a few minutes on the Internet. (kinds 后加 of。all kinds of 意为“各种各样的”) (广西卷)(30) discover an interest which can even last lifetime. (lifetime 前加 a，指人的一生是 a life

53、time) (浙江卷) (31) She stopped look out of the window and find a cloud of smoke coming out of her neighbors house. (look 前加 to。因为“停下来去做某事”是 stop to do sth, 不定式作目的状语) (福建卷)(32) Ten minutes later, the firemen came and put out fire. (fire 前加 the，因这是特指的一场火灾) (福建卷) (33) As we all left homeat early age, we

54、met lots of problems in our daily life (early 前加 an，at an early age 意为“在年幼时”) (天津卷) (34) I often dream of a teacher. (a teacher 前加上 being 或 becoming，根据后文的内容看来，作者不是梦见老师，而是自己梦想“成为”一名教师) (湖北卷)名词一、考点规律分析短文改错的名词考点主要涉及名词的单复数问题，即在该用复数的地方误用其单数，或在该用单数的地方误用其复数。二、真题单句归纳(1) We stopped to rest for a while and to

55、 drink some waters from a stream. (waters 改为water，因“水”为物质名词，不可数) (全国卷)(2) We climb everywhere, not only in America. We have been to Europe many time. (time改为 times，many times 意为“许多次”) (全国卷)(3) There are branch library in many villages. (library 改为 libraries，因其前的谓语are为复数) (全国卷)(4) I hope that you two

56、 could come and visit us some times soon. (times 改为 time，some time 意为“某时”) (全国卷)(5) Today I visited the Smiths my first time visit to an American family. (去掉time，因first 已含有“次”的意思) (全国卷)(6) They were eager to know everything about China and asked me lots of question. (question 改为 questions，因其前有表示复数意义

57、的修饰语 lots of) (全国卷)(7) We study quite a few subject, such as maths, Chinese, English and physics. (subject 改为 subjects，因 a few 后应接复数可数名词) (全国卷)(8) and often watch football match on TV together. (match 改为 matches) (全国卷)(9) Happy birthday, Peter, and many happy return of the day! (return改为 returns，man

58、y happy returns of the day! 为祝贺生日的惯用表达) (北京春季卷)(10) She said that she and my schoolmate all wished me success. (schoolmate 改为 schoolmates，因校友不只一个，另外根据其后的 all 也可推知) (全国卷)(11) I used to love science class all of them biology, chemistry, geography, physics. (class 改为 classes，指其后提到的所有课程) (北京春季卷)(12) They did not w