初中英语初一形容词副词[共6页]

1、形 容词和 副 词【学习目标】 掌握形容词的用法 ,并对形容词和副词比较级最高级用法的回顾。【知识要点】（一）形容词的用法形容词：用来修饰名词，表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词，叫形容词。形容词在句中主要用作定语、表语和宾语补足语。1.用作定语，修饰名词或代词。（1）一般置于它所修饰的名词之前；例如： he is a tall boy(2)形容词修饰由 some,any,every,no 等构成的复合不定代词时，需后置。例如： Will you please tell us something interesting? 你给我们说一些有趣的事好吗？ Theresnothing special

2、 in the box. 盒子里没有什么特别的东西。（3）enough 修饰名词时，既可以放在名词之前，也可以放在名词之后。例 如： Don t worry, we have enough time/time enough to get there.别着急，我们有足够的时间赶到那2.用作表语，位于系动词之后。常用 的有 ： be, become, get, look, feel, smell, taste, sound, turn, seem,keep, grow例： The park is very beautiful.这座公园很美。The soup smells delicious.汤闻上

3、去真鲜美。That sounds good.那听上去不错.3.It +s adj. + (of / for) sb to do sth.译作 “某( 人 ) 做某事是 的”。It 是形式主语，不定式结构是真正主语。 of / for 后面的 sb 是不定式的逻辑主语。(1). 当形容词是可修饰人的形容词，即 sb 和 adj. 有主系表关系时， sb 前用 of。如 It cslever ofyou to answer the question so quickly. / It s kind of you to h这el样p m的e形a容lo词t. 有： kind, nice, rude,cl

4、ever, silly, foolish 等。(2) 当形容词是不可以修饰人的形容词，即 sb 和 adj. 没有主系表关系时， sb 前用 for 。如 It seasyfor her to clean the window by herself. / It s important for us to learn En这gli样sh的w形ell容.词有： easy,hard, difficult, important, necessary, dangerous 等。（二）形容词、副词比较级和最高级构成：1.单音节词和少数双音节词比较级和最高级的规则变化：规则原级比较级 最高级1.在词尾后直接

5、加 -er/est tall taller tallest2.词尾是 e，只加 -r/st nice nicer nicest3.以辅音字母加 y结尾的，把happy happier happiest y变i 再加 -er/est4.重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字 thin thinner thinnest母，再加 -er/est2. 其他双音节词或多音节词 ,在该词前面加 -more/mostbeautiful more beautiful (the) most beautiful3. 由形容词加 ly 构成的双音节词和多音节词 ,都是在该词前加 -more/most.qu

6、ickly more quickly (the) most quicklydifficultly more difficultly (the) most difficultly4. 不规则变化 :good/well better bestbad/ill worse worstmany/much more mostlittle less leastolder （指新旧） oldest oldelder（指年龄） eldestfarther （指距离） farthest farfurther （指程度） furthest（三）形容词、副词比较级和最高级的用法：1. 原级的用法 :1）甲 =乙：甲

7、be as原级 as乙 , 用于两者之间对比，意思为“ 和 相同”Tom is as honest as Jack. Tom 和 Jack 一样诚实。Her skin is as white as snow.My dog is as old as that one.2）甲不如乙：甲 be notas/so原级 as乙He is not as(=so)tall as I. 他没我高。The weather here is not as(=so)cool as the weather in Harbin.3）甲是乙的几倍：甲 be数词 timesas原级 as乙This room is four

8、times as large as that one.这间房比那间房大四倍。2. 比较级的用法 :1）甲乙或甲乙：甲 be比较级 than乙Susan is happier than Jane.His brother is younger than me.Beijing is more beautiful than here.形容词比较级前还可以用 much, even, still, a little ，far, a lot, a bit, much more 来修饰。 very, so, too,quite 不能修饰比较级。2）数字 +形容词、副词比较级+thanI m two years

9、 older than you.3）比较级+and+比较级，表示“越来越 ”The earth is getting warmer and warmer.4）the +比较级， the + 比较级结构，表示“越 就越 ”The more I study it, the more I like it.5）which/who +is + 比较级Which city is bigger, Beijing or Tianjin?Who is happier, you or me?3. 最高级用法：用于三者及以上的人或事物的比较,最高级前加 the，最高级前有物主代词，序数词和名词所有格时，不加定冠词，

10、后面跟带in 或 of 表范围的短语。1）one of the + 最高级Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in China.Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.2）最高级意义的表达方法 :例句最高级She is the best in her class.She is better than any other student in her class.比较级No other student in her class is better than she.原级No othe

11、r student in her class is as good as she.特殊：1) 形容词最高级前一般都用定冠词，但当形容词最高级前有物主代词时，则不用定冠词。e.g.：Today is my happiest day. 今天是我最高兴的一天。Give my best regards to your family.请代我向你们全家问好。2) most 有时与形容词连用，前面用不定冠词或不用冠词，意为“非常，很，极其”，用来加强语气。这时它不表示最高级的概念。e.g.: He is a most friendly fellow. 他是个极其友好的人。【经典例题】：1） - Are yo

12、u feeling _?- Yes ，Im fine now.A. well B. better C. good D. quite better答案： B. quite 修饰原级， well 的比较级为better.2）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much答案：C. much可修饰比较级，因此 B，C都说得通，但 easier 本身已是比较级，不需more，因此 C为正确答案。【 经典练习 】1写出下列形容词的变化形式（1）tall（比较级） _ （2）

13、large（比较级） _（3）busy（最高级） _ （4）thin （最高级） _（5）delicious （比较级） _ （6）much （比较级） _（7）good（最高级） _ （8）far （最高级） _2句型转换（1）Shanghai is the largest city in China. （变同义句）Shanghai is _ than _ _ city in China.（2）This dress is more beautiful than that blouse. （变同义句）That blouse is not _ _ as this dress.3选择（1）She

14、always buys _ clothes though she is rich enough.A cheap Bgood Cexpensive Dbeautiful（2）Now the air in our town is _ than it used to be. Something must be done to stop it.A very good Bmuch better Crather bad Deven worse（3）Which is _ , the sun, the moon or the earth?Of course, the moon is.A small Bsmal

15、ler Csmallest Dthe smallest（4）The more exercise you do, the _you will be.Aweaker Bhealthier Cluckier Dworse（5）The population of China is _ than _ of any other country in the world.A larger; the one Bmore; that Clarger; that Dmore; the one （6）Theturcky tastes _the chicken.A, as better as B, much bett

16、er than C, as well as D, the best to（7） Im not _ to lift the heavy box.A. short enough B. enough tall C. health enough D. strong enough（8）The smile on my father s face showed that he_w_a_s_ with me.A sad Bpleased Cangry Dsorry（9）Jone looks so_ today because she has got an “A” in her maths test.A hap

17、py Bhappily Cangry Dangrily（10）This book isn _t _s_o_ as that one. It s hard to read.A new Bdifficult Ceasy Deasier（11）All the students in our class are over fifteen except Li Lei. He is _ in our class.A younger Bthe oldest Cbad Dworse（12）What delicious cakes!They would taste_ with butter.A good Bbe

18、tter Cbad Dworse（13）In our city, it _s_ in July, but it is even_ in August.A hotter; hottest Bhot; hot Chotter; hot Dhot; hotter（14）I like Chinese because it sounds _.A, wonder B, wondering C, wonderful D, wonderfully（15）The book is _. Most of the teachers are _ in it.A interesting; interested Binteresting; interestingCinterested; interesting Dinterested; interested（16） These oranges taste_.A. good B. well C. to be good D. to be well4按要求写句子（翻译句子）（1）