连接代词和副词引导名词性从句[上课课件]

1、疑问词引导名词性从句,1,课件教育,Review,Definition Types Conjunctions,2,课件教育,Noun Clauses,Subject Object Appositive Predicative,Clauses,3,课件教育,Conjunctions of Noun Clauses,what, whatever ; who, whoever; whom, whomever; which, whichever; whose,that, whether, if, because, as if/as though,when, whenever; where, where

2、ver; how, however; why,状语,主语、宾语、表语、定语,不充当从句的任何成分,4,课件教育,Noun Clauses Introduced by Question Words,What was he doing ? His father was surprised,subject clause 主语从句,What he was doing surprised his father,5,课件教育,Whats your first impression of him? I want to know,object clause 宾语从句,I want to know what y

3、our first impression of him is,6,课件教育,How did Alice respond to Toms proposal(求婚)? I have no idea,appositive clause 同位语从句,I have no idea how Alice responded to Toms proposal,7,课件教育,How can I make a grammar lesson interesting? That is my question,predicative clause 表语从句,My question is how I can make a

4、 grammar lesson interesting,8,课件教育,Noun Clauses Introduced by Question Words,Southerners find it difficult to understand what northerners are saying,Southerners find it difficult to understand what are northerners saying,1. The word order of the noun clause should be changed into that of a statement

5、.(陈述句,9,课件教育,e.g. I dont care who you are,e.g. I dont care what you did,e.g. How John became blind is still a mystery,Noun Clauses Introduced by Question Words,2. Question words cant be left out in noun clauses in any cases, because they act as certain sentence elements(成分) in the clauses,e.g. Dont

6、care what is written about you,10,课件教育,Subject Clauses,连接代词和连接副词都可以引导主语从句。可放于句首、句尾，放于句尾需用形式主语it,e.g. When the new road is open to traffic hasnt been made clear,It hasnt been made clear when the new road is open to traffic,e.g. That our boss will come to the conference excites us,11,课件教育,Compare the

7、two sentences,Subject Clauses,e.g. What we should do next remains unknown. e.g. What our class teacher said is of great value,e.g. Whoever breaks the rule should be punished,the thing that,e.g. Whatever he did was supported by us,= anyone who,= anything that,Conclusion: what、whatever、whoever等连接代词既可以

8、表示疑问，又可以表示陈述，可表示“（任何） 的事、话、东西、人,12,课件教育,Object Clauses,连接代词和连接副词都可以引导宾语从句,e.g. This book will show you _,最好的首席执行官了解什么,what the best CEOs know,e.g. Im curious about _, a LG or an Apple,你会买哪一个,which you will buy,13,课件教育,Object Clauses,e.g. Could you tell me when you graduated? e.g. He told me when he

9、graduated,e.g. He informed me where we would meet next time,= the time when,= the place where,Conclusion: when、where等连接副词既可以表示疑问，又可以表示陈述，可表示“的时间、 的地点,Compare the two sentences,14,课件教育,Object Clauses,有些动词带宾语从句时需要在从句前加it。如：hate, dislike, like, take for granted等,e.g. I hate it when people talk with the

10、ir mouth full of food,15,课件教育,Predicative Clauses,连接代词和连接副词都可以引导表语从句,e.g. This place is no longer _ it used to be,e.g. The question is however we can do the work better,what,e.g. This is _ you are wrong,where,16,课件教育,Appositive Clauses,连接代词和连接副词都可以引导同位语从句,e.g. The question _ so many people would cho

11、ose to live in the countryside but to work in the city is still under discussion,why,17,课件教育,疑问词+ever和nomatter+疑问词的区别,疑问词+ever可引导名词性从句。Whoeverbreakstherulemustbepunished.Youcanchoosewhateveryoulikeintheshop. 疑问词+ever还可引导让步状语从句。如：Whoeverbreakstherule,hemustbepunished. Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell. n

12、omatter+疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell. Nomatterwhobreakstherule,hemustbe punished,18,课件教育,Decide what sentence element each highlighted noun clause is in its sentence. (P28,I always wondered when I would get the English novel my parents had promised to give me. I finally got it tod

13、ay. What I always dreamt of has come true. It is really exciting! The difficulty is how Im going to read the book without a dictionary,O,S,p,19,课件教育,Looking up every new word will certainly be a waste of time. Miss Cheng always told us to guess the meanings of new words from the context. I used to w

14、onder why we should do this. I understand now, but the question is what I should do if I cannot guess the meanings. I must talk to Miss Cheng about this tomorrow,O,P,20,课件教育,_ matters most in learning English is enough practice. (全国II) A. What B. Why C. Where D. Which 2. _ he referred to in his arti

15、cle was unknown to the general reader. (上海) A. That B. What C. Whether D. Where,21,课件教育,3. Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales, please? ( 山东) A. anyone B. someone C. whoever D. no matter who,4. _ parents say and do has a life-long effect on their children. (陕西) A. That B. Which C.

16、 What D. As,22,课件教育,5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _. A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is 6. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 7. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it A. where B. there C. here where D. where there,高考

17、链接,23,课件教育,8. The photographs will show you _ A. what does our village look like B. what our village looks like C. how does our village look like D. how our village looks like 9. Great changes have taken place in that school. It is no longer _ it was 20 years ago, _ it was so poorly equipped. A. wha

18、t; when B. which; that C. what; which D. that; which,高考链接,24,课件教育,Translation,在自己家里可以随心所欲,In ones own home one can do what one likes,我不知道他什么时候回来,I have no idea when he will return,还没决定谁做那项工作,It hasnt yet been decided who will do that job,25,课件教育,When should we use preparatory subject it,Preparatory

19、subject “it,26,课件教育,1. We can use it as an preparatory subject. when we use a noun clause as the subject of a sentence. a. (preferable) It is certain that we would not be able to understand Old English today. = (correct) That we would not be able to understand Old English today is certain,preparator

20、y subject “it”,27,课件教育,b. (preferable) It is easy to answer whether English will continue changing in the future. = (correct) Whether English will continue changing in the future is easy to answer. c. (preferable) It depends on the style of writing when we use certain words. = (correct) When we use

21、certain words depends on the style of writing,28,课件教育,a. (preferable) It is hard to master a foreign language. = (correct) To master a foreign language is hard. b. (preferable) It is important to know how to use a computer. = (correct) To know how to use a computer is important,B. when the subject i

22、s a to-infinitive,29,课件教育,C. when the subject is a v-ing form. a. ( preferable) Smoking is difficult to stop. = (correct) It is difficult to stop smoking. b. (preferable) Travelling to Beijing takes up a lot of my time. = (correct) It takes a lot of my time travelling to Beijing,30,课件教育,We usually u

23、se the preparatory subject it with a clause or to-infinitive (preferable), but with the v-ing form we prefer the real subject at the beginning,Tip,31,课件教育,2. It can also be used before seem, appear, happen, chance, turn out and prove as the preparatory subject of a sentence. It seems that he speaks

24、two languages. = He seems to speak two languages. b. It happens that my new neighbour comes from my home town. = My new neighbor happens to come from my home town,32,课件教育,1. It + be + adj. ( true/ certain/ possible/ obvious, likely) that 2. It + be +noun phrase (no wonder/ an honour/ a pity/) that 3. It+ be + past participle (said/ reported/ expected