初中宾语从句

1、宾语从句复习目标：1、掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词 2、掌握宾语从句的语序主句+连接词+主语+谓语 3、掌握宾语从句，主句与从句在时态上的呼应。重点：语序和时态呼应难点：语序和时态呼应；疑问词+不定式的转化；状语从句的辨析一、 宾语从句的连接词：1、 连词that，只起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略。eg. He knew (that) he should work hard.2、 连词if 、whether，它们起连接作用，在从句中不作句子成分，作“是否”解，在口语中多用if。eg. Tom dont know if/whether his grandpa li

2、ked the present. He asked me whether or not I was coming.一般情况下，if 和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether： 在不定式前：Whether to go there or not hasnt been decided.在介词前：It depends on(依靠) whether it is going to rain.与or not连用：They are talking about whether to go there or not.3、 连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which，连接

3、副词when, where, why, how， 它们起连接作用，作句子成分，各有自己的意义。eg. The teacher asked the new students which class he was in. I wonder where he got so much money.【注意】1、由连接代、副词引导的宾语从句可以和“疑问词+不定式”结构转化。eg. I dont know how I should do with the presents. I dont know how to do with the presents. 2、要注意区分判断由if、when引导的从句类型.例

4、1I dont know _ he will come or not.AhowBwhetherCweatherDwhen答案：B提示：在宾语从句中出现了or not，这里只能用whether。第二题答案为B，根据题意问他们何时回来，所以要用when。例2Can you tell me _they will come back?AwhereBwhenCwhichDwho答案：B提示：根据题意问他们何时回来，所以要用when。1.I think _ you will like him.A. that B. if C. why D. how2.I didnt know _ he will come

5、or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how3.They want to know _?A. where is the hospital B. how old are youC. when the train will leave D. why is the boy crying4.Tony wanted to know _.A. what had Father Christmas put in his stocking B. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingC. what Father Chr

6、istmas had put in his stockingD. where Father Christmas had put in his stocking5.No one knows _ the professor will come to our school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. when B. whether C. where D. if6.July didnt know_.A. where is Tims father B. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D.

7、 what was wrong with her watch7.No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what to do D. what should we do二、 宾语从句的语序：宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语+其它成分”。特别强调：它的主语和谓语的语序是陈述语序，而不是疑问句的倒装结构。Can you tell me who(m) do we have to see?()Can you tell me who(m) we have to se

8、e?( )The teacher asked the students what they were doing.(思考: what在从句中的成分)陈述句变为宾语从句时,要注意人称和时态的变化,语序不变。 eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.一般疑问句和特殊疑问句变为宾语从句时,也要注意人称和时态的变化,后面接陈述语序。Eg. “Where are the tickets?” I asked him. I asked him wher

9、e the tickets are.例1Have you seen the doctor? He asked me. （两句并一句）答案：He asked me if / whether I had seen a doctor提示：是一般疑问句，连接词应为if / whether例2How can we get to the science museum? Could you tell us?（两句并一句）答案：Could you tell me how we can get to the science museum?提示：特殊疑问句，连接词就是它本身的特殊疑问词how，将情态动词can放在

10、主语me之后，时态运用取决于主句。主句could you tell me是委婉语气，是一般现在时，所以从句是什么时态就用什么时态。将下列句子改成宾语从句。1 My father will come back in two days. He said _.2 Does your uncle live in Beijing? He asked me _.3 Have you finished reading the novel? He asked me _.4 Will you go to the park with me? He asked me _.5 Who can answer the q

11、uestion in English? He asked _.6 Whats wrong with the boy? The doctor asked _.7 What is the man doing? He asked _.8 Are the foreign guests going to visit our school? Nobody knew _.选择1.Have you decided _ for Australia?A. when will you leave B. when do you leaveC. you will leave when D. when you will

12、leave2.Can you tell me _ ?A. where does Tom live B. where Tom livedC. Tom lives whereD. where Tom lives3.The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cinemaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4.I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoesB. how much do these shoes

13、costC. how much these shoes costD. how much are these shoes cost5.She asked me _ .A. who he was B. who was he C. who is he D. who he is6.Ask him _ .A. whose cup this isB. whose cup is this C. this is whose cupD. whose is this cup7.I dont know _ .A. what time the movie startsB. what time starts the m

14、ovieC. the time to start the movieD. the movie what time starts8.The doctor asked me how long _ .A. was I ill B. have I been illC. I have been ill D. I had been ill9.The weather forecast doesnt say _.A. if it rains tomorrow B. if does it rain tomorrowC. if it will rain tomorrow D. if will it rain to

15、morrow10.Do you know _?A. whose pen is this B. whose pen this isC. whom does the pen belong to D. whom the pen belong to11.Could you tell me where _?A. the tape was B. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape12.He asked me _.A. whether I find out the sender of the money C. whether did I find out t

16、he sender of the moneyB. whether the sender of the money found out D. whether I found out the sender of the money三、 宾语从句的时态呼应：宾语从句中谓语动词的时态，常常受到主句谓语时态的制约，此为时态呼应。如果主句谓语是一般现在时或将来时，从句谓语的时态不受限制；如果主句谓语的时态是一般过去时，从句一般要随着改为相应的过去时态（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时、过去完成时）。eg. I thought (that) you are free today. () I thought

17、 (that) you would be free today. ( )【注意】当宾语从句叙述的是客观真理时，不管主句谓语的时态如何，从句都用一般现在时。eg. The teacher told us (that) the earth moves around the sun.用动词的适当形式填空。1 I think he _ (come) back soon.2 He told mw his father _ (read) the newspaper this time yesterday.3 I want to know if he _ (go) fishing with me.4 I d

18、idnt know who _ (break) the window.5 He told me his father _ (fly) to Beijing the next day.6 The teacher told us that light _ (travel) much faster than sound.7 He asked if the girl _ (find) her lost bike.8 He said he _ (go) to Beijing three years ago.9 He asked who the girl _ (look) for.10.I asked h

19、im whether it _ (snow)in winter in Australia.四、 其他需要说明的问题：1、 标点由主句决定，如主句是陈述句、祈使句，则用句号；是疑问句则用问号。eg. I heard she had been to the Great Wall. Can you tell me which bus I should take?2、 要注意个别句子中主从句人称的一致。eg. She said, “I will leave a message on the desk.” She said she would leave a message on the desk.将下

20、列句子改成宾语从句1. Is the shanghai library open on Sundays? Do you know_?2. Who does he want to see?Didnt he tell you _?宾语从句专练（一）1. Did you hear _? A. what did I say B. what I said C. I said what D. what I say 2. Can you tell me _? A. which class you are in B. which class are you in C. you are in which cla

21、ss D. are you in which class 3. -Excuse me. Could you tell me _? - Certainly. A. when can I get to the station B. I can get to which station C. which station can I get to D. how I can get to the station 4. Could you tell me where _ yesterday? A. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went 5. T

22、om asked me _. A. whose shirt was this B. whose shirt this was C. who shirt was this D. who shirt this was 6. Excuse me, could you tell me _? A. wheres the teachers office B. wheres the bus station C. whats she doing D. where the post office is 7. I want to see Mrs. Wang, but I dont know _. A. she l

23、ives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live 8. - Go and ask Mr. White for help. - But I dont know _. A. where does he live B. where he lives C. where is he living D. he lives there 9. - Can you tell me _? - Yes, he lives in a small town. A. where he lives B. who is singin

24、g C. when he will leave D. what he said 10. Have you decided _ for London? A. when will you leave B. when you will leave C. when are you going D. when you are going 11. Excuse me. Could you tell me _our tickets? A. where do we show B. where shall we show C. where did we show D. where we shall show 1

25、2. - What are you interested in about cooking food? - We are all interested in _. A. how egg is fried B. how is egg fried C. how egg fries D. how does egg fry 13. Do you know _? A. what it is B. what is it C. who is he D. whose name is it 14. Do you know _? A. whose book is this B. whose book this i

26、s C. this book is whose D. whos book this is 15. I dont know _ now. A. where is my cat B. my cat is where C. where my cat is D. where my cat 16. Does he know _? A. whats your name B. what name is your C. what your is name D. what your name is 17. Do you know _? A. which floor he lives B. which floor

27、 he lives on C. he lives on which floor D. which floor does he lives on 18. Can you tell me where _? A. is the hospital B. the hospital is C. is hospital D. hospital is 19. He hasnt decided _. A. if hell go on a trip to Wuxi B. when will he go on a trip to Wuxi C. if he goes on a trip to Wuxi D. whe

28、n does he go on a trip to Wuxi 20. Can you see _? A. what hes reading B. what is he reading C. what does he read D. he reads what 宾语从句专练（二）1. - When are the Shutes leaving for New York? -Pardon? - I asked _. A. when are the Shutes leaving for New York B. when the Shutes are leaving for New York C. w

29、hen were the Shutes leaving for New York D. when the Shutes were leaving for New York 2. Could you tell me _? I have something interesting to tell him. A. where is Li Hong B. where Li Hong is C. where was Li Hong D. where Li Hong has been to 3. - Could you tell me _? A. how many people have been out

30、 of hospital B. when is Thanksgiving C. which animal does he like best D. what time will the dolphin show start 4. I want to know _. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is 5. He asked me _. A. if she will come B. how many books I want to have C. they would help

31、 us do it D. what was wrong with me 6. Do you still remember _ at the meeting? A. that Jim said B. what Jim said C. did Jim said that D. what did Jim said 7. - Excuse me, _ to the nearest bookshop, please? - Go straight and take the second turning on the left. A. where the way is B. which the way is

32、 C. where is the way D. which is the way 8. Mike, go and see who _ football on the playground. A. is playing B. plays C. played D. were playing 9. The woman still doesnt know what _ in her hometown while she was away. A. happens B. happened C. will happen D. was happened 10. - Can I help you? - Yes.

33、 Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _take to get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 11. - I hear well have a new teacher this term. - Really? Do you know _? A. what subject does he teach B. what subject will he teach C. what subject he

34、 teaches D. what subject is he going to teach 12. He asked his teacher _. A. if there was a monster in Loch Ness B. when was Albert Einstein born C. how would the scientists find out the result D. where could he find the library 13. Do you know _ over there? A. what happens B. what was happened C. w

35、hat is happening D. what did happen 14. - Do you know _ we will arrive at your hometown? - This afternoon. A. when B. why C. if D. where 15. Could you tell me _ to Mount Putuo tomorrow? A. how you will go B. how will you go C. how you have gone D. how have you gone 16. Could you tell me _? A. which

36、room he lives B. which room he lived C. which room did he live in D. which room he lives in 17. - Do you know _ he is? - He says “1.75 metres”, but Im not sure. A. how many B. how old C. how far D. how tall 18. She said she _ me five letters in one month. A. has written B. will write C. had written

37、D. wrote 19. Can you tell me _ she is waiting for? A. why B. whose C. whom D. which 20. I dont know _ he still lives here. A. where B. what C. when D. whether 21. - Be careful! Dont break the bottles. Do you hear _ I said, David? - Yes, mum. A. what B. that C. why D. if 22. Id like to know _. A. whe

38、n will he give back the tape B. whether has he received higher education C. that he has been busy D. whether she will join in our English evening 23. Could you tell me _? A. when shall we start B. who are you waiting for C. where the bus station is D. why were you late 24. - Do you know _? Im going

39、to see him. - Sorry, I dont know. A. where does Mr. Li live B. where did Mr. Li live C. where Mr. Li lives D. where Mr. Li lived 25. He asked me _. A. who did kick the first goal in the World Cup B. when was the APEC meeting held C. when China became a member of the WTO D. where will the 2008 Olympics be held 26. She wanted to know _ her mother liked the presen