翻译理论与实践(二)教案2011年第一部分.ppt

1、翻译理论与实践Translation Theory so live that, dying, he might say: all my life, all my strength were given to the finest cause in all the worldthe fight for the liberation of Mankind,人最宝贵的是生命。生命每个人只有一次。人的生命应当这样度过：当他 回首往事的时候，不因虚度年华而 悔恨，也不因碌碌无为而羞愧 这样，在临死的时候，他能够说： “我整个的生命和全部精力，都已献 给世界上最壮丽的事业为人类 的解放而斗争。,2. Th

2、ere is no royal road to science, and only those who do not dread the fatiguing climb of its steep paths have a chance of gaining its luminous summits,A,在 科学 上没有 平坦的大 道，只有不 畏劳苦沿着陡 峭山路攀登的人，才 有希望达到光辉的顶点,二、新课内容 (Presentation) “Dynamic Equivalence” and the Translatability of English Idioms into Chinese 动

3、态对等及英语成语汉译的可译性 1. The theory of dynamic equivalence (DE) 2. The characteristics of English idioms 3. The application of DE theory to idiom translation,The theory of dynamic equivalence (DE)Eugene A. Nida “The nature of translation is to reproduce in the receptor language the closest natural equivale

4、nt of the source language message, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.,Dynamic equivalence is the degree to which the receptors of the message in the receptor language respond to it in substantially the same manner as the receptors in the source language. Anything that can be s

5、aid in one language can be said in another,Three stages of DE analysis transfer restructuring,2. Characteristics of English idioms Idioms are expressions which are used in some extended sense so that it becomes impossible by adding up the meanings of the individual words to determine the meaning of

6、the entire express. Question: What are the origins of English idioms? Question: What functions do idiom have,3. Application of DE theory to idiom translation 1) from idioms to non-idioms 2) from idioms to idioms eg: under ones nose armed to the teeth be born with a silver spoon in ones mouth A rolli

7、ng stone gathers no moss,3. Application of DE theory to idiom translation 1) from idioms to non-idioms 2) from idioms to idioms eg: Walls have ears. to be on thin ice to add fuel to the fire to cast pearls before swine to laugh off ones head to paint the lily,eg: Lock the door after the horse has be

8、en stolen. the sword of Damocles Two heads are better than one,英语成语汉译中字面语义对等的陷阱 to eat ones words to eat in to eat away to eat out of sb.s hand to eat the leek to eat sb. out of house and home to eat ones head off to eat chain to eat into to eat out,英语成语汉译中字面语义对等的陷阱 No smoke without fire. No fire wi

9、thout smoke. to fish in troubled waters to fish in muddy waters I suspected that he was pulling my leg. The atom bomb is childs play in comparison with what scientists have in store for us in the next war,英语成语汉译中字面语义对等的陷阱 I have a bone in my throat. The service in this shop has been bad before, but

10、this is the last straw. He moved heaven and earth to get them to agree to his plan. I should be only too pleased to help you out of your difficulties if I could, but I am in the same boat as you are. He said that no one could beat him at tennis, but he had to eat his words after losing several games

11、,英语成语与汉语成语的比较与翻译 an eye for eye and a tooth for a tooth new wine in old bottles to kill the goose that lays the golden egg wolf in a sheeps skin to strike while the iron is hot to drain a pond to catch all the fish to play the lute to the cow to cut the feet to fit the shoes The monk may run away, b

12、ut the temple cannot run away with him. A single spark can start a prairie fire. How can one get tiger cubs without entering the tigers lair,英语成语与汉语成语的比较与翻译 Constant dropping wears the stone to burn ones boats to pour oil on fire to go through fire and water to have one foot in the grave to turn a d

13、eaf ear to a flash in the span The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak at the end of ones rope by fits and starts at sixes and sevens at ones wits end to have an old head on young shoulders,英语成语与汉语成语的比较与翻译 to have a bee in ones bonnet to hit the nail on the head Do you see any green in my eye? t

14、o hit the nail on the head Dont count your chicken before they are hatched. to play ones last card to hang up the fiddle to get rid of the baggage to plunge the people into misery and suffering,英语成语与汉语成语的比较与翻译 Until all is over ambition never dies. The mouth waters copiously. to pluck up the evil by

15、 the roots Three cobblers with their wits combined would equal Zhuge Liang, the master mind. like birds startled by mere twang of a bow string to offer fuel in snowy weather an opportunity of a thousand years corrupt officials; fine words to fall apart; exhausted sigh deeply,英译汉中四字格词语的美学价值 Studies s

16、erve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business. I should wish to die while still at work, knowing that others will carry on what I can no long

17、er do and content in the thought that what was possible has been done. The house is old and fine,英译汉中四字格词语的美学价值 The morning of June 27th was clear and sunny with the fresh warmth of full summer day, the flowers were blossoming profusely and the grass was richly green. It is unexpected that he would

18、take such a stupid action as to kill the goose that lays golden eggs. Like a peacock among sparrows, the film flaunts its differences. The bridge has a long history,英译汉中四字格词语的美学价值 Tired of the pomps and vanities of this heartless world, he chose to live in obscure loneliness. The limited gain could

19、hardly serve as a relieving justification for the tremendous cost the federal government had paid so far. There was no haste or rest lessness in his manner but a poised friendliness. He was at this time in his late fifties, a tall, elegant man with good features,Expressions of Cool Cats,1. She watch

20、es him as a cat would watch a mouse. 2. cat-and-mouse game 3. to play cat and mouse with 4. the Cat-and-Mouse Bill 5. to look like the cat that swallowed the canary 6. to look like sth. the cat dragged (brought) in,Expressions of Cool Cats,7. to bell the cat 8. care kill the cat 9. When the cats awa

21、y, the mice will play. 10. A cat may look at a king. 11. A cat has nine lives. One of the most striking differences between a cat and a lie is that a cat has only nine lives. 12. I am as weak as a cat,Expressions of Cool Cats,13. weak as a vegetarian cat 14. cat and dog life 15. catkin cattail 16. t

22、he cat of nine tails 17. no room to swing a cat 1) swing a scoundrel 2)to swing a cat by its tail to serve as a target practice for marksmen 3) to watch carefully to see which way the cat jumps,Expressions of Cool Cats,18. The cat wont jump. 19. There were two cats at Kilkenny Each thought there was

23、 one too many; So they quarreled and they fit, They scratched and they bit, Till excepting their nails, Instead of two cats there werent any,Expressions of Cool Cats,20. to fight like the cats of Kilkenny 21. I forgot, I was nigh letting the cat out of the bag again. 22. to let the cat out of the ba

24、g to buy a pig in a poke 23. more than one way to skin a cat 24. dead cat bounce 25. dead cat on a line 26. Curiosity killed the cat,Expressions of Cool Cats,27. pussycat 28. Hercules himself do what he may, The cat will mew and dog will have his day. Meow, purr, hiss Cats meow, cats pajamas, cats w

25、hiskers 29. put the cat among the pigeons,Expressions of Cool Cats,30. fat cat, cool cat, hepcat, copy cat, hellcat, singed cat, the scaredy cat / fraidy cat 31. Fog by Carl Sandbury The fog comes 雾来了， On little feet. 踮着猫的细步。 It sits looking 她弓起腰蹲着； Over harbor and city 静静地俯视 On silent haunches 港湾和城市