2020-2021年被动语态的归纳

1、2020-2021年被动语态的归纳一、单项选择被动语态1. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who days.A. are trapping B. have been trappedC. were trapping D . had been trapped【答案】Din the mountains for two【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者o“whoin the mountains for two days 是定语从句，修饰 two tourists , two t

2、ourists 禾Rtrap之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即过去的过去”该空应用过去完成时态。综上，D选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的动作，即 去”其表达形式为had done ,被动语态的表达形式为had been done。2. Our teacher keeps telling us that the future Jo the well-educated.A. belongingB. belongsC. is belonging【答案】B【解析】考查短语：bel

3、 ong to属于，没有进行时态没有被动语态。故答案选过去的过D. is belongedB。3. The sin ger s music videearly 9 millio n times since it was p osted on the Internet fourweeks ago.A. viewedB. has viewedC. was viewed【答案】DD. has been viewed【解析】试题分析：考查动词时态与语态辨析。A. viewed，一般过去式；B. was viewed过去式的被动语态；C. has viewed，现在完成式；D. has been vie

4、wed，现在完成式的被动语态。句意： 自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上， 万次。since从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时 访问的，故要用被动语态。故选 考点：考查动词时态与语态辨析。这个视频的访问量达到了将近has done 形式，又因 music video 是被Do4. The wi ndow is dirty.I kno w. Itfor weeks.A. hasn t cleanedB.didn t cleanC. wasn t cleanedD.has nt bee n clea ned答案】 D解析】详解】D。本题考查时态和语态。解题步骤： 1. 确定时态：这里表

5、达过去没有擦窗户的事情对现在的 影响就是窗户很脏，现在完成时可以表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，也可以表示过去 发生的事情持续到现在。 2. 确定语态：主语 it 与谓语 clean 为被动关系。句意： 窗户很 脏。 我知道，这些窗户已经很几个星期没有被擦了。故选that the cloth5Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she very well.B had been told; washedAhas been told; washesD had been told; was washedC was tol

6、d; was washed 【答案】 B解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去， 故用过去完成时。像 feel, smell, look, wash 等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语 态，结合前面时态可知，应选washed。句意：随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告B。诉她那种布很好洗。故选each year.6 With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earthB is being washed awayD are being washed awayA is

7、washing awayC are washing away【答案】 D解析】1. 确定谓语单复数：根据详解】 本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。解题步骤：quantity 的用法， quantities of 和 a quantity of 后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数，但 它们作主语时， quantities of. 后面的谓语动词用复数，而a quantity of. 的谓语动词用单数，故排除 A、D 项。 2. 确定第二空：随着森林的被毁，土壤正在被冲走，故应该用现在 进行时的被动语态。句意：随着森林的被毁，大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。综上，故选D 项。【名师点拨】quan

8、tities of 和 a quantity of 后面加可数名词复数，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式； quantities of 后面加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式； a quantity of 后面 加不可数名词，做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。1.Large quantities of money have been sent there 大量的钱已经被送到那里； A large quantity of money has been wasted. 大量的 钱已经被浪费； 2.A large quantity of books have been offered t

9、o us. 大量的书已经提供给我 们； Quantities of nuts are on the table. 大量的坚果在桌子上。7. - Why dont we choose that road to save time? -The bridge to itB. is rep airedA. has rep airedC. is being rep aired【答案】CD. will be rep aired【解析】考查时态和语态。句意为：一一我们为什么不选那条路以节省时间呢?桥正在维修。桥正在被维修，故用现在进行时的被动语态。答案： C通往那条路的8. Did he decide to

10、 take part in the comp etiti on? Yes, of course. Heto.A. has been encouraging B. had been encouraged C. has been encouraged D. was to be encouraged 【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：是的，当然。他已经被鼓 励参加比赛。根据 he和动词encourage之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故 先排除A项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选Bo他决定参加比赛吗?9. Please wear yo

11、ur best clothes on Mon day, as your class p hotosthe n.A. will take B. will be taken C. have taken D. have been taken【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选Bo10. 107. The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they sno wstorm.in theA. were trapp

12、ing B . were being trappedC. are trapping D . are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。句意：这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时，解放军战士及时赶来营救。根据题干中的 said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态；根据短语“betrapped in排除A和C;句中表示 被暴风雪困住的时候”，故用过去进行时的被动语态，故 选Bo点睛：对时态的选择，要在把握时态的基本用法的基础上，根据具体语境和题干中的时间 推断时态，同时关注特殊的结构。11. It s reported that China will not buy the

13、 Euro debt until some thorough researchA. has been doneB. will have been doneC. will be done【答案】A【解析】D. had been done试题分析：考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国 才会买进欧盟债务，含有 not .until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之 后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者， 考点：考查时态及语态A正确。12. Chinese kites in ancient timesin the sha pe of

14、 birds.A. design B. had designedC. were designed D. have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancienttimes可知，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语 态，故选Co13. Have you moved into the new house?Not yet. It.A. has been built B. was builtC. is being built D . had been built 【答案】【解析】在建设。动关系

15、，考查动词的时态和语态。句意：一一你搬进新家了吗？一一仍旧没有，它仍旧正根据语境可知，It指代上文提到的the new house，是第三人称单数，与 built是被 用被动语态，结合句意，built这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选Co14. I intend to buy that kind of clothes because Ithat theywell.B. have been told; washD. have been told; are washedA. have told; washC. was told; washed【答案】B【解析】Bo考察时态。根据题意，我想买那种衣服，

16、因为有人告诉过我他们洗起来不错。可知从句内 容为过去已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态。他们洗起来不错则是一个客观存在的事 实，过去存在，现在及将来都会存在，故用一般现在时态。选s growing rate of urbanization, Chinan s migrant(pOieulatio15. Due to the countryover 200 millio n by 2020.A. predicts B. is predicted C. will have been predicted D . will be predicted【答案】B【解析】考查时态和被动语态。句意：由于中国城市

17、化的速度不断提高，到2020年，中国的流动人口预计将超过2亿。结合句意可知，用一般现在时态的被动语态，句子主语是population，单数第三人称形式，故答案为B。该题容易误选 D项，是现在预计，而不是将来预计，故用现在时态。16. Bejin gs new intern ati onal air port sp okes person.A. was putC. has put【答案】Dinto use in Sep tember, 2019, accord ing to theB.D.will putwill be put【解析】试题分析：考查时态和语态。句意：按照发言人所说， 使用。根据句

18、意可知，用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选 考点：考查时态和语态北京的新国际机场将在2019年投入Do17. Have you heard of yesterdays gas expl osi on?Yes. Only two of the 35 miners at the sceneto have made it out safely.A. have thought B . are thoughtC. had thought D . were thought【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态语态。句意： 一一你听说昨天的瓦斯爆炸了吗 ?是的，在现场的35名矿工 中，只有两名被认为安全获救。此处指

19、现在只有2个人被认为安全获救，用一般现在时的被动语态，故选B.18. No decisi on _A_ about any future appoin tme nt un til all the can didates have bee n in terviewed.B. is madeD. has been madeA. will be madeC. is being made【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查时态，主语是decision和动词make是动宾关系，所以用被动式，因为后面的句子 about any future appointment 可以知道动作未发生，所以用将来时，句子意思

20、于未来会议没有做出任何决定直到所有的报考者已经被采访 ”，所以选 A 考点：考查时态点评：做时态题时，首先看时间状语，由时间状语来确定句子的时态；如果没有时间状 语，可以根据隐含的意思来确定句子时态。19 To my ， he was not a little at the news that he had won the first prizein the English speech contest, for he thought that he didnt perform so well. Ahe was not a littleBastonishment ； astonishing a

21、stonished ； astonishingCastonishment ； astonishedDastonish ； astonishment 答案】 C解析】考查 astonish 相关短语的用法。使我惊讶的是,他对这个消息并不感到惊讶.to onesastonishment使“某人感到惊讶的是 ”； be astonished at sth. 对某事“感到惊讶 ”。故选 C.20 The filmSchindler s List ”, wasby a real person, named Oskar SchindlerA inspired C rised D 【答案】 ABprompt

22、edinsured解析】详解】考查过去分词。 A. inspired 鼓舞； B. prompted 引起，提示； C. rised 上升； D. insured 确保。 句意：电影辛德勒的名单的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡辛德勒。结合句意可A。知此处用被动语态，故答案为21 The way the guests _ in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.AtreatedBwere treatedCwould treatD 【答案】 Bwould be treatedtheThe guestsB。解析】详解】 考查时

23、态和语态的用法。句意：在旅馆里客人被对待的方式影响他们对服务的评价。guestsin the hotel是定语从句 U,修饰The way, treat是从句的谓语动词，与 treat 之间是被动的关系，并且动作已经发生，所以用一般过去时的被动形式。故选22 Please don t stand up in class until you .D were toldA were told toBare toldC are told to【答案】 C【解析】to。【详解】 考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文 中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，

24、但是要保留动词不定式的符号 分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C选项正确。【点睛】to 代替不定式 在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不 定式的符号 to 。 to 代替不定式，常同 refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try ， tell 等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have，或have been，般要保留 be, have或have been。本句还原为：PI ease don t

25、sta nd up in class un til you are told to sta nd up 省略句为：PI ease don t stand up in class until you are told to。故 C 选项正确。from practice.23 We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no caseA should theory separate C theory should separate 【答案】 D【解析】Btheory should be separated D should t

26、heory be separated试题分析：句意：我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去，因为在任何情况下理论都不应该脱离实际。这里是 apply sth to sth把应用到，-in no case在从句中的句首，所 以应该用倒装，又因为 theory 与 separate 之间是被动关系，故选 考点：考查倒装的用法。点评：本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，它们的各种情况比较多，需要 考生牢记它们的用法，但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。即学即练： Can you explainD。most deserts are located near the west coast

27、 of thecontinents?A. why is it that C. how it is that 解析：B。句意:B. why it is that D. how is it that由句子结构可知，强调句型“ it is .that对宾语从句的引导词进行强调，应用陈述语序，再由句意可知，选B。24As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikesinto operation nationwide by2025.A will have been put Bwill have putC have been putD will be pu

28、tting答案】 A解析】详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到 2025 年为止，全国将有 2000 多万辆共享单车投入 运营。根据 by 2025 可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来 完成时的被动语态。故选 A。to watch the 70th anniversary of the founding of the PRC on25 A number of foreigners Oct.1.A AttractedBhave attractedC was attracted 【答案】 DDwere attracted解析】详解】考查动词时态语态。句意： 10 月

29、 1 日，一些外国人被吸引来观看中华人民共和国成立 周年纪念活动。分析句子可知， attract 是谓语动词，由时间状语 on Oct.1 可知，用一般过 去时，主语 foreigners 与 attract 是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语70foreigners 是复数，故选 D。26Youd better communicate with each other sincerely, and Ihope to see your conflict tomorrow.Awas to be solvedB has been solvedD had been solvedC will

30、have been solved 【答案】 C解析】 【详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：你们彼此之间最好真诚地沟通，我希望明天你们的冲突能得到解 决。由时间状语 tomorrow 可知，此处应用将来时， conflict 和 solve 之间为被动关系。因此C项的将来完成时符合语境，表示在将来某一时间以前（明天结束之前）已经完成的动 作。故选 C 项。27 We won t start the work until all the preparations A are being madeBwill be madeC have been made【答案】 CD had been made解析】详解】考查动词时态辨析。句意：我们得等到所有的准备工作都做好了才能开始工作。are being是现在进行时的被动形式； will be made 是一般将来时的被动形式； have been made 是现在完成时的被动形式，用于强调动作产生的影响；had been made 是过去完成时的被动形C。式 。本题是主将从现的用法。主句是将来时时，从句用现在时或相当于现在的时态