简单句-并列句-复合句

1、简单句、并列句和复合句 一 句子可以分为简单句、并列句和复合句: 1) 简单句: 有时句子虽长, 但只有一个主谓结构, 仍是简单句, 例如: Yesterday we went to an exhibition on the life and work of Lenin, the great revolutionary leader of the working class. 有时一个句子有两个(或两个以上)并列的主语或谓语, 也仍然是简单句 There he was a leader of the student movement and took an active part in rev

2、olutionary work. Both the teachers and the students were very active in physical labour. Comrade Yang and I often study together and help each other. 2) 并列句: 一个句子如果包含两个或更多的互不依从的主谓结构, 就称为并列句。 He was always close to the people, and the people loved him. I didnt make any mistakes in the test, but my ha

3、ndwriting was poor. Some are walking by the lake, others are sitting on the benches and chatting. 并列的各个部分(即各个主谓结构)称为分句。各个分句用并列连词(如 and, but 等)连接；在上下文紧密联系的情况下也可不用连词, 而以逗号隔开(如上面第三句)。 3) 复合句: I hope (希望) you will help me with my grammar. (作宾语) He took full notes while he read. (作状语) My idea is that we

4、go by bicycle. (作表语) 这种作为一个句子成分的主谓结构称为从句(以别于主句,即全句的主要部分)。按照句法作用的不同,从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句、表语从句等等。 注:如果一个并列句中某一分句是一个复合句,这种句子称为并列复合句。例如: He was very busy, but he said he would come.二。 状语从句 英语中带状语从句的复合句是很多的。状语从句有的表示时间,有的表示原因、条件等等,因此也可以分为时间状语从句、条件状语从句、原因状语从句等等,例如: 1) 时间状语从句: After he finished school

5、there, he went to the University of Kazan. We lived in the peasants homes when we were in the countryside. She was in Nanjing before she came here. Every time the cock began to crow, he would shout: “Get up, you lazy bones!” 2) 条件状语从句: If you have any questions, write them on a slip of paper. 3) 原因状

6、语从句: He didnt come to class because he was ill. 此外还有“结果”“目的”等等状语从句。状语从句大多数都由从属连词(如after, when, because, if 等)引起。由这种词引起的主谓结构不能成为独立的句子,只能作状语从句。连词在句中一般不重读,但在句首可以重读。在使用状语从句时要注意: 1) 状语从句本身结构必须完整, 不能没有主语, 例如: After he took the medicine, he felt better. (吃了药之后他就感到好些了。) Come again when you have time. (有空的时候

7、请再来。) 2) 状语从句如在主句的后面,可以不必用逗号隔开；如在主句之前, 一般要用逗号。例如: It was already eight oclock when we got home. When we got home, it was already eight oclock. 3) 在时间和条件状语从句中不用“一般将来时”, 而以“一般现在时”代替它, 例如: Ill tell her about that when I see her. Take the medicine before you go to bed. Well go to the Summer Palace tomor

8、row if it doesnt rain.练习：一、判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句： 1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. _句2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. _句3. There is a chair in this room, isnt there? _句4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven

9、in the evening. _句5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. _句6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. _句7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. _句8. What he said at the meeting is very important, isnt it? _句9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree. _句10. Both

10、 Tom and Jack enjoy country music. _句二、判断下列短文中各句是简单句、并列句还是复合句： I hope you are very well（_句）. Im fine, but tired（_句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm（_句）. August is the hottest month here（_句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from

11、dawn until dark.（_句） Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（_句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（_句）. We have a lot of machines on the farm（_句）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for h

12、im（_句）. But he employs more men for the harvest（_句）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（_句）. It doesnt often rain in the summer here（_句）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（_句）. Every evening we pump water from a well（_句）. It then runs along channels to different parts of

13、the garden（_句）. Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（_句）. These parties often make us very happy（_句）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（_句）. Its great（_句）! Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion（_句）. Some of my friends drink beer（_句）. I dont, because I have to

14、 drive home after the party（_句）. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States（_句）. There are five different time areas in the States（ ）. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time（_句）. How many different time areas do you have in China（_句）? Well, I must stop an

15、d get some sleep（_句）. Please give my best regards to your parents（_句）. 答案 一、1、简单句；2、复合句；3、简单句；4、简单句；5、并列句；6、复合句；7、并列句；8、复合句；9、简单句；10、简单句 二、 I hope you are very well（复合句）. Im fine, but tired（简单句）. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im helping my Dad on the farm（并列句）. August is the hottest month

16、here（简单句）. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.（并列句） Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors（简单句）. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat（并列复合句）. We have a lot of machi

17、nes on the farm（简单句）. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him（复合句）. But he employs more men for the harvest（简单句）. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden（简单句）. It doesnt often rain in the summer here（简单句）. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden（简单句）. Eve

18、ry evening we pump water from a well（简单句）. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden（简单句）. Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time（简单句）. These parties often make us very happy（简单句）. We cook meat on an open fire outside（简单句）. Its great（ 简单句）! Americans eat a lot of meat too much in my opinion（简单句）. Some of my friends drink beer（简单句）. I dont, because I have to drive home after the party（复合句）. In your letter you asked about the time in differen