商务英语写作

1、Unit Five,The Paragraph Structure and Types Basic Writing 1 Jiangxi Normal University,Teaching Content,1. Give some comments to the 1 composition. 2. Learn to write the supporting sentences in a paragraph. 3. Learn to write the concluding sentence in a paragraph. 4. How to write the concluding parag

2、raph in a passage,What are the supporting sentences,The supporting sentences are those that serve to establish or support the topic sentence. They are the expanding sentences or developing sentences of the topic sentence. You can depict the topic sentence in details or explain it or offer some facts

3、 or examples to support it,发展句的定义,发展句是用来支持或说明主题句的，是段落主题句的延伸和发展，起着辅助主题句、推展段落中心的作用，对主题句表达的中心思想或举例说明、或细致描写、或详细解释阐述和论证，使读者能够清晰地理解和信服地接受作者所表达的意思,发展句的层次特点,1. 清晰、详实、有较强的说服力，能清楚地表达思想。 2. 条理分明、脉络清晰。上一句要为下一句铺平道路，下一句是上一句的自然延伸，一步一步地论述或叙述主题。 一个段落通常有若干个发展句。这些发展句可以处于同一层次，共同来为主题句服务；也可以在一级发展句之下用二级发展句来支持一级发展句，从而构成发展句

4、之间的层次关系。 but, 在段落中如果有多个不同层次的发展句时，必须要合理地安排它们，做到简洁清晰、意义连贯、合乎逻辑,Example 1,Many people like traveling. They think that they can enjoy themselves by touring places of interest and appreciating the beauty of the world. When they return, they will feel refreshed and do their work better. They also believe

5、that through traveling they can obtain some knowledge that they cannot acquire staying at home. In our history, great poets such as Li Bai and Du Fu were without exception great tourists,Thinking about,which sentence is the topic sentence? - which sentences are the supporting sentences? - what are t

6、he relationship between and , between and , between and ,The relationship between them,topic sentence developing sentences cause effect statement example 原因 结果 陈述 例证,The Characteristic of Major Developing Statement (MDS,1. Centering around the topic sentence. 2. It is closely related to the topic se

7、ntence. 3. It supports the topic sentence,Minor developing statement (mDS,对主要发展句作进一步的事实分析和举例说明。它从属于某一个或某几个发展句。 The relationship between MDS and mDS: 每个主要发展句都应该是对主题句中表示主要思想的关键词的直接、明确地说明。 每个次要发展句都应该说明它的主要发展句。 含有讨论说明或分析的问题通常既要有主要发展素材，又要有次要发展素材,Example 2,1)The computer finds many applications in all fie

8、lds. (2)Computers are now doing almost everything from diagnosing hospital patients to running nuclear power stations. (3)In any field where information is collected, processed, stored, and retrieved, computers are being used more and more. (4)Computers are also used as an aid to design planning. (5

9、)For example, they can be used to predict faults in design as well as the cost of a design if one is planning to build a road,Thinking about,which sentences are the MDS? -which sentences are the mDS,The relationship between the 5 ss,1.在这个段落中，句（1）是主题句，提出计算机在所有领域都有应用的观点； 2.句（2）、（3）和（4）是一级扩展句，都支持和说明句（1

10、），具体说明计算机都在哪些领域应用; 3.而句（5）是二级扩展句，用来补充说明句（4），通过举例来说明计算机辅助设计的用途,In-class task 1: please find out the topic sentence and write the logical relations between sentences,McDonalds China has enjoyed tremendous success. As the number of people with disposable income has increased, so has the number of peopl

11、e wanting to try new products and foods. McDonald has created a huge number of stores so that it is possible to find one of their restaurants on almost every large street in the country. Thus, not only is their success due to people having more money to spend, but also due to the fact that the resta

12、urants themselves are extremely convenient,The 1st sentence is the topic sentence. The are the supporting sentences. They are the reasons why McDonalds China has enjoyed tremendous success. 3. The last sentence is the concluding sentence of the paragraph,What are the concluding sentences,结尾句位于段落的末尾，

13、在段落中也起着非常重要的作用，用以对全段内容进行总结、归纳或提出结论性的观点。结论句常和主题句相呼应，以不同的形式再现主题，并与发展句相关联。但是并非任何段落都必须有结尾句才算完整。有的段落，尤其是一些较短的段落中只有主题句没有结论句,Synonyms, words that have the same basic meaning, dont always have the same emotional meaning. For example, the words “stingy” and “frugal” both mean “careful with money”. However, t

14、o call a person stingy is an insult, while the word frugal has a much more positive connotation. Similarly, a person wants to be slender but not skinny, and aggressive but not pushy. Therefore, you should be careful in choosing words because many so-called synonyms are not really synonymous at all,E

15、xample 3,Pay more attention to the following two aspects, if you want to write a good concluding sentence,1）总结细节，回答主题句中隐含的问题； 2）把握主题句的关键词，善于用不同的措辞或结构来表达同一中心思想,How to write a good concluding paragraph,结尾段是把主题从具体变成笼统，把读者引出文章。 结尾段可重申自己观点，并总结前文的重要分论点，也可以适当提出一些针对性建议,1. Nowadays surveillance cameras（监试器）

16、are widely used in supermarkets. Some think that this is a violation of human rights, while others insist that they are for the benefit of the supermarkets. What is your opinion? -How will you write the concluding paragraph,Example 4,Concluding paragraph,All in all, the best solution is for both sid

17、es to respect each others needs. The shopkeeper should place surveillance cameras in such a way that the customer does not feel that he or she is being spied upon. At the same time, the customer should respect the shopkeepers concern about theft,In-class Task 2,Using a computer every day can have mo

18、re negative than positive effects on young children. Do you agree or disagree? How will you write the concluding paragraph,The Possible Sample,I think the main point is to make sure that young children do not overuse computers. Parents must ensure that their children learn to enjoy other kinds of activity and not simply sit at home, lea