沪教牛津版：初中英语八年级上册教学案【全套新编】

1、【复习资料、知识分享】八年级英语上册教案资料第一讲Unit1 知识探究1. Is my encyclopaedia useful, Lo?1) useful: 有用的，有益的，有帮助的 a useful book2) use +ful= useful 名词+ful= 形容词3) 以-ful结尾的形容词的反义词多是相应的以-less结尾的形容词。eg: useful-useless careful-careless helpful-helpless2. Leonardo da Vinci was an Italian painter, inventor, musician,engineer an

2、d scientist. 动词后加后缀-er/ -or构成一种职业。 eg: teach 教- teacher 教师 sing 唱- singer 歌唱家 visit 参观- visitor 参观者 invent 发明- inventor 发明家3. cook v. 烹饪 My mother cooked a delicious meal for us. n. 厨师 My father is a famous cook. cooker n. 厨具 Do you think rice cooker is a useful cooker?4. Look it up! 查阅；查询，强调在词典、参考书

3、等工具书里查阅。 We can look up new words in a dictionary.【拓展】：look up 仰视；向上看 He looked up from his book as I came into the room.look的相关短语：look around 环顾四周look after 照顾 look for 寻找look forward to 盼望look like 看起来像 5. Da Vinci was born in the countryside. be born 出生 一般用于过去式 was born/ were born be born in + 地点

4、 I was born in Guangzhou. be born in + 某年/某月 Jim was born in July. be born on+ 具体到某一天 The twins were born on 1st January.6. From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic ability. show 1) 出示，展示，显露，露出 He showed his photo to me = He showed me his photo. 2) 流露，表示，表现 He showed great intere

5、st in science when he was young. 3) 教，告诉，说明，指点 He showed me the way on the map.7. His painting are very famous , and one, the Mona Lisa, is perhaps the most famous painting in the world. famous = well-known be famous for be famous as 8. Dinosaurs lived on the Earth more than 60 million years before

6、human beings. more than 超过；多于，相当于over, less than 少于 They have more than a car. million 百万 1）与具体的数字连用时，不加s ，后面直接接复数名词。 There are about two thousand students in this school.2) 固定短语：millions of hundred, thousand, billion和million的用法相同 Millions of people help them in different ways. Tips: hundred, thousa

7、nd 和million,有时含糊有时清。 清时无-s和of， 糊时-s和of跟9. They lived everywhere on Earth. everywhere 副词 “到处”，相当于here and there 辨析：everywhere到处用于肯定句nowhereanywheresomewhere10. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.As.as 与.一样. 1) 当两个比较对象在某方面相同时，用“ as + 形容词/副词原级+as”结构， 表示“（A和B）一样”. This tree is as tall as that one.

8、2) 比较两个对象时，若一方不及另一方，则用“not as/so+形容词/副词原级+as”结构， 表示“A不如B.” Our school is not as big as yours.11. However, some dinosaurs liked to eat meat.however “然而，但是”However, this does not always happen.She falls ill. She goes to work, however, and stays up late.He says that it is so. He is wrong, however.howev

9、er然而，转折的意味较弱可位于句首，句中，句末后面常用逗号分开He likes music. However, his wife doesnt.but 但是；转折的意味很强烈位于分句的句首后面不使用逗号He likes music, but his wife doesnt.12. Nobody knows why. nobody 不定代词，“没有人”，相当于 no one. Nobody作主语时，谓语动词 要用单数形式。 There was nobody in the room.everybody每个人；人人somebody某人anybody任何人；无论谁13. at the end of 在

10、.的末尾；在.的尽头 +时间/地点There is a park at the end of the road.We will have an exam at the end of the month.14. used to do 过去常常做某事，并且含有现在已不做之意。I used to go to that primary school.15. help sb do sth 帮助某人做某事He often helps me study English.He often helps me with my English.【拓展】：help oneself to . 随便吃些. Help yo

11、urselves to some fish, children. Cant help doing . 禁不住做. She cant help laughing.16. Just remember to think and to dream.remember 及物动词 Please remember the story.辨析：remember to do sth 与remember doing sthremember to do sth 记得去做某事（此事还未做）Remember to post his letter记得要为他寄信remember doing sth记得已做过某事（此事已做完）I

12、 remember posting his letter我记得已帮他寄过信。17. Some were small; others were huge.some .others. 一些.另一些.others 指除去一部分之后的另一些，但不是剩余的全部。There are lots of people in the park. Some are walking and others are climbing the hill.some.the others 一些.其余的., the others 指剩下的全部包含在内的“其余的人或事物”There are many children on the

13、 beach. Some can swim but the others cant.18. How long did dinosaurs live on Earth before they disappeared?How long “多长时间”用于提问一段时间，还可以提问物体的长度。-How long will you stay in Hong Kong?-For ten days. how often how soonhow many19. Jane Dickinson won Magic TV Quiz.win 是及物动词，意为“赢得，获胜”，后面接的宾语一般是比赛、辩论或战斗等名词。Wh

14、o won the mens 400 meters race?We must win today.beat 击败，打败，胜过， 后面接的宾语是参加比赛的人、团体等。Li Lei beat Jim and won the first prize.20. She can find out about many.find out 了解（到）；弄清；I try to find out who broke the machine.辨析： find out 查明指通过观察、探索等努力才查明结果find发现，找到强调结果look for寻找强调过程I lost my pen. I have looked f

15、or it everywhere, but I cant find it. Could you help me find out who has found it?21. Its always useful to have an encyclopaedia around the house. 句型：Its + adj (+for sb) + to do sth. 做某事（对于某人来说）是.的Its very important for us to learn English.look like 看起来像 用法1. 用作不及物动词,意为“看,望,瞧”。1)单独使用时,后不跟介词。如:I look

16、ed but saw nothing.我看了,但什么也没看见。2)和at连用。Look at these pictures. How beautiful they are!看这些画,它们是多么漂亮啊!2. 用作连系动词,意为“看起来”。1)后跟形容词。如: You look well/fine/healthy.你看起来很健康。 The teacher looks happy. 老师看上去很高兴。 She looks pale. 她面色苍白。Landy wanted something to make people come to his fruit shop, so he built the

17、Big banana.make sb do sth 使某人/让某人做某事The boss made me work twelve hours a day.make sb + adjThis terrible news made her sad.巩固提升一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词。1. Edison was a great i in the world.2. -How much is the book? -Twenty d .3. Sally was b in a small town in London.4. There are two (笔记本) on the desk.2、 用

18、所给单词的适当形式填空。1. It is useful (learn) a foreign language.2. Can you help me (carry) the box, Lily?3. Remember (write) to me when you get to Beijing.4. I need some (potato) . Do you have any?5. About two (million ) people listened to the programme.6. I think telephone is one of the most important (inve

19、nt) in the world. 7. Tom wants to be a (cook) in the future.3 单选题。1. This morning I some new restaurant on the Internet for I wanted to take Mia to a nice restaurant for her birthday. A.picked up B. looked up C. cleaned up D. gave up2. My mother was born a cold morning. A. on B. at C. in D.during3.

20、Zhou Jielun is famous a singer. A. as B. for C. in D. at4. He wrote songs. A. hundred B. one hundred C. hundred of D. one hundred of 5. He often helps me my Maths. A. to B. with C. on D. in6. My host family tried to cook _ for me when I studied in London.A. different something B. different anything

21、C. something different D. anything different7. - _ do you watch TV every week? - Less than two hours. I often have much homework to do. A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How often8. Our team _ the match. We have got the first place. A. hit B. beat C. won D. watched9. -Steven, could you help _ w

22、hen he plane will take of on the Internet? -Sorry, my computer doesnt work. A. get on B. find out C.look for D. look after10. - I often have hamburgers for lunch. -Youd better not. Its bad for you too much junk food.A. eatB.to eat C. eating D. ate11. He lost his key. It made him in the cold to wait

23、for his wifes return. A.to stay B. stayed C. stays D. stay 12. In our school library there a number of the books on science, and in these year the number of them growing larger and larger. A.are; is B. is; are C. have; are D. has; is 13. You can get much about the World Expo on the Internet. A.map B

24、. picture C. ticket D. information14. birds died because of pollution. A. Two millions B. Millions of C. Million of D. Two millions of 15. What a find day! Lets go a walk. A. for B. at C. out D. in第二讲Grammar重点：some和any;复合不定代词1. 观察下列句子，并进行填空。 I have some bread. I have some apples. Do you have any bre

25、ad? Do you have any apples?some作形容词用时,可以修饰 ,也可以修饰 ; 通常用于 句。any作形容词用时,可以修饰 ,也可以修饰 ；通常用于 句和 句。2. May I have some noodles? Would you like some tea?在疑问句中，当我们期望得到肯定回答时，我们也会用some。一、用some和any填空1.Thereisnt_milkinthefridge.2.Icansee_cars,butIcantsee_buses.3. Hehas_friendsinEngland.4.Werethere_treesonthefarm?

26、5.Wouldyoulike_tea?No,Idnotlike_tea,butIdlike_cakes.复合不定代词复合不定代词是由some,any,no,every加-body,-thing,-one构成some body any thing every oneno somebody=someone anybody=anyone nobody=no one用法:1. 一般来说，由some构成的复合不定代词往往用于肯定句中；而由any构成的复合不定代词则往往用于否定句或疑问句中。Is there anyone at home?I heard someone singing when I was

27、 at work last night.2.复合不定代词与谓语的一致问题复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Nobody knows why.Everyone has a hobby.3 .复合不定代词的定语位置复合不定代词被定语修饰的时候，定语必须放在不定代词后面。eg: something important, anything special等Do you have anything important to tell us?4. 复合不定代词的否定常表达的结构有两种：1). not+全部肯定词 There is not anybody in the room2) . . +全部否定词

28、 there is nobody in the room.Tips: 复合代词不张扬，修饰成分后面藏， 单数动词作谓语，何时何地都一样。随堂练习：一、选择填空：( )1.Imhungry.Iwant_toeat. A.anythingB.somethingC.everythingD.nothing( )2.Doyouhave_tosayforyourself? No,Ihave_tosay.A.something;everythingB.nothing;something C.everything;anythingD.anything;nothing( )3.Whynotask_tohelpy

29、ou? A.everyoneB.someoneC.anyoneD.none( )4.Everything_ready.Wecanstartnow. A.areB.isC.beD.were( )5.Theres_withhiseyes.HesOK.A.anythingwrongB.wrongsomethingC.nothingwrongD.wrongnothing( )6.Thestoryissoamazing!ItsthemostinterestingstoryIveeverread. ButImafraiditwontbelikedby_. A.everybody B.somebodyC.a

30、nybodyD.nobody( )7.Shelistenedcarefully,butheard_. A.anyoneB.someoneC.everyoneD.nothing( )8.Iagreewithmostofwhatyousaid,butIdontagreewith_. A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.Nothing( )9.Everyoneisheretoday,_? No,HanMeiisnthere.Shesill. A.isntitB.isntheC.aretheyD.isnteveryone( )10.Everythinggoeswell

31、,_? A.isitB.isntitC.dotheyD.doesntit二、完形填空 Dickens, one of the greatest English writers, was born in of the small towns in England. When Dickens was nine years old, the family moved to London, the of England. There were several younger children in the . Their life was . So Dickens could not go to sc

32、hool. He didnt go to until his father came out of prison(监狱). At that time he was already twelve years old. But he did not finish school. Two years , he began to work. He often went to the library to books. He read a lot. Then Dickens wrote lots of novels and stories all his . Dickens over a hundred

33、 years ago. people are still reading his books with great interest.( ) 1. A. any B. one C. some D. a ( ) 2. A. city B. town C. capital D. country( ) 3. A. school B. class C. city D. family( ) 4. A. good B. hard C. easy D. wonderful( ) 5. A. school B. a school C. the school D. schools( ) 6. A. ago B.

34、 before C. later D. since( ) 7. A. see B. buy C. sell D. read( ) 8. A. money B. home C. class D. life( ) 9. A. won B. drew C. read D. died( ) 10. A. But B. So C. Why D. While 第三讲Unit2 知识探究Step One Reading& Listening1. Read a story about numbers.number 此处用作可数名词，意为“数字”。number还可意为“电话号码”。【拓展】number 还可用作

35、及物动词，意为“标序号，给.编号”Please number the pictures.【随时练】 - Hello, is that Jenny speaking? - Sorry, Im afraid youve got the wrong _.A. number B. name C. address D. message2. Check some Maths problems.(1) check 及物动词，“检查，核实”【拓展】 check 的相关短语check in 登记，检票 check out 办清手续后离开 check up 检验I will meet Jane at the st

36、ation, please _ what time she will arrive.A. count B.choose C. check D. Catch(2)problem 可数名词，“问题，难题”辨析：problem 与questionproblem多指有待解决的问题，特别是疑难的问题或令人疑惑的事，人或情况。常与work out和solve 等搭配solve the problem 解决问题deal with the problem 处理问题question意思相对广泛，指需要解决或解答的具体问题。常与ask 和answer 搭配ask questions 问问题answer the q

37、uestion 回答这个问题【拓展】（1）have problems in doing sth. 做某事有困难（2） No problem. 没问题。The food safety is a serious _ in our country. We should try to solve it.A. subject B.program C. problem D. Opinion3. The kings favourite game was chess.favourite “最喜欢的”，通常位于名词前作定语,没有比较级和最高级形式，在含义上相当于like bestWhats sbs favour

38、ite .? = What . do/ dose sb. like best?【拓展】也可用作名词，意为“最喜欢的人或物”This book is my favourite.4. play chess 下象棋 play card 打牌play football，play basketball（play +棋牌、球类运动）play the piano 弹钢琴 play the violin 拉小提琴 （play + the+乐器）5. One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king challenged him to a game.

39、(1)one day “某一天，有一天”辨析：one day与some dayone day （过去）有一天，（将来）某一天，用于过去时或将来时some day （将来）总有一天，只用于将来时Eg：I think ,y dream will come true one day /some day.我想我的梦想有一天会实现。Eg：One day, the old man was very ill.有一天，那位老人病的很严重。（2）challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战.【拓展】challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战做某事，激励某人做某事(3)wise是形容词

40、，意为“有智慧的”。Eg：A wise woman never shows her smart.【拓展】：wisdom n.智慧eg：Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验为智慧之母。完成句子1. 你为什么要检查卧室呢？Why do you _ the bedroom?2. 聪明的人总是能及时的解决难题。Someone who is _always solve the _ in time.3. 你想向他挑战吗？Do you want to _ him?4. 这张书桌大约100厘米长The desk about100_ _.6. The King promis

41、ed the old man, “ You can have any prize if you win the game.”promise sb. sth. She promised me the book. 她许诺给我这本书。 promise to do sth.They promised to come to the pary on time. 他们答应会准时来参加聚会。 promise也可以作名词，make a promise意为“许下诺言，答应，保证”如： My mother made a promise to buy a new bike for me. 我母亲答应给我买一辆新自行车

42、。 ( )He promised _ mis old friend during his stay in Tianjin.A. see B. seeing C. saw D. to see if，意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。表示在某条件下，某事很可能发生。如：If you ask him，he will help you如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。 ( Part A) ( Part B)上述的Part A为条件状语从句，Part B 为主句。从句可以放在主句前，也可以放在主句后。当从句置于主句前时，从句后就加逗号。如：He will help you if you ask him.【拓展】

43、 If引导的条件状语从句引导条件状语从句最常用的连词是if,常用的if条件状语从句表示在某种条件下，某件事很可能发生，条件是可能存在的，主句中某种情况发生的概率也是很高的。Eg：If you ask him, he will help you.如果你请他帮忙，他会帮你的。Eg：If you have finished the homework you can go home.另外，If从句还可以表示不可能实现的条件或根本不存在的条件，也就是一种虚拟的条件或假设。从句多用一般过去或过去完成时，表示对现在或过去的一种假设。Eg：If I were you , I would invite him

44、to the party.如果我是你，我会邀请他参加聚会。Eg：I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic.要不是交通堵塞，我本会来的早一些。另外还要注意if条件句的时态搭配有以下几种情况：（1） if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时，eg：If he runs, hell get there in time. 如果他跑着去，就会及时赶到那儿。（2）if 从句用一般现在时，主句用may/might/can,Eg:If it stops snowing, we can go out.(3)

45、 if 从句用一般现在时，主句用must/should,Eg :If you want to lose weight, you must/should eat less bread. (4) if 从句用一般现在时，主句用一般现在时，Eg：If you heat ice, it turns to water.（也可用will turn） 如果把冰加热，它就会化成水。(5) if 从句用现在进行时，主句用一般将来时，Eg：If you are looking for Peter, youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上楼就会找到他。（6） if 从句用现在完成时，

46、主句用一般将来时，Eg：If you have finished dinner, Ill ask the waiter for the bill.如果你吃完了，我就叫服务生来算账。巧记if用法口诀：If条件句不一般，几个要点记心间；条件句，放在前，逗号要放句中间。条件句表可能，主句多用将来时；条件句表事实，主句常用现在时。【随时练】单项选择( ) 1. If there no buying and selling of animals, there no killing in nature. A. is; will he B. will be; will be C. is; is D. wil

47、l be; is( ) 2._, Ill go shopping alone. A. If she comes B. If she wont come C. If she doesnt come ( )3.The students _ have a sports meeting this weekend if it _.A. wont; rains B. will; rains C. wont; will rain D. are going to; is going to rain（ ）4.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time A. wi

48、ll go B. went C. go D. going （ ）5.What are you going to do tomorrow? -Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. doesnt rain（ ）6. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit? A. go B. went C. going D. will go （ ）7. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat. A. too

49、 many B. many too C. too much D. much too （ ）8. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday. A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came 7. . And then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares.rest 此处用作名词，“剩余部分”，the rest 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数要视作具体情况而定，如果所指代的为得数名词，则视为复数；如果所指代的为不可数名词，则视为单数。the rest of. “.的剩余部分”，作主语时谓语动词的单复数取决于of后面的名词形式。One of the books is written in Chinese, and the rest are in English.The rest of the money was donated to charities.8. Wouldt