虚拟语气专项训练(基础练习)(含答案解析)

1、虚拟语气专项训练（基础练习）副标题题号IIIIIIIVVVI总分得分一、句型转换(本大题共4小题，共分)1. 同义句改写(1) Its a pity that I cant be with you in the n ext three mon thsHow I wish Iwith you in the n ext three mon ths(2) You are badly ill because you did nt see the doctor .If youthe doctor , you would not be badly ill .(3) It is wet outside .

2、So we dont allow the children to play in the gardenIf itwet outside , we would allow the children to play in thegarde n.(4) I did nt take his advice , and now I regret a lot .Ihis advice.(5) He made many mistakes and he did nt pass the test .If hemany mistakes hethe test .(6) If it were not for the

3、rain the crops would die .The crops would die.(7) If they had nt offered us potatoes , we would have died of hun ger .the potatoes they offered , we would have died of hunger .(8) How I wish it were Sun day today .it were Sun day today .(9) If Tom had come , we would have caught the thief .Tom, we w

4、ould have caught the thief .2. Without UN Goodwill Ambassadors, people work ing on the projects would not be en couraged.IfUN Goodwill Ambassadors, people worki ng on the projectswould not be en couraged.3. We dont go out very ofte n because we cant afford it.If we it, we very often.4. The time is n

5、ot ripe. Id rather you. (not, say) anything about it for thetime being.二、完成句子(本大题共 5 小题，共分)5. 你很可能睡不了什么觉，如果你住在庆祝婚礼现场附近。You probably get much sleep if you lived near a weddingreception was being held 6. Well, if , I d go on an aro-uthned-vorld tour.7. 完成句子( 1)He talks as if he . 他说话的样子，好像他知道她在哪里似的。(

6、2)The girl listened as if she to stone. 那女孩倾听着， 一动也不动，好像已经变成了石头似的。8. ( 1) If I (be) you, I would go there with him.( 2) If I had worked hard in the school, I (be) a college student now.( 3) he (fo l l o w) your advice, he would have passed theexaminations.( 4) If you (not come) here tomorrow, we wou

7、ld cancel the meeting.( 5) He is busy now. If he (be) free, he (go) with you.( 6) it (rain) tomorrow, the match would be called off.( 7)We (have) a meeting next Thursday if there (be) no otherarrangements.( 8) Im sorry Im busy now. If I (have) time, I (come) to seeyou.( 9) If I (take) your advice, I

8、 (not make) such a mistake.( 10)We didnt know his telephone number. If we (know) it, we (invite) him.9. If Tazieff were alive, using modern technique, he more beautiful photosabout active volcanoes. ( take)如果 Tazieff 还活着的话，利用现代技术，他会拍出更多关于活火山的漂亮照片。三、单选题(本大题共 22 小题，共分)10. There is a good social life i

9、n the village ， and I wish I a second chance tobecome more involved ()A. hadB. will haveC.would have hadD. have hadHe couldnt have listened carefully in the class. Otherwise, he the test sohard now.A. didnt feelB. hadnt feelC.wouldnt feelD. wouldnt have feltstudent aware of the importance of study,

10、they would study efficiently.A. WereB. ShouldC. MayD. HadIf there no modern telecommunications, we would have to wait for weeksto get news from around the world.A. wasB. beC. wereD. isIf somebody from 1973 a dormitory message board now, he would notunderstand what on it since slang expressions have

11、changed a lot.A. looked at; is B. had looked at; wasC. looks at; should beD. has looked at; was to beThe two boys look as if they _twins,for they look so much like each other.A. wereB. areC. had beenD. has beenWithout the Internet, these people who are disabled and must stay in their homes

12、3.24.25. fewer avenues to meet people.A. have B. must haveIf I you, I her advice.A. was; will takeC.were; would takeC. would haveD. can haveB. were; will have takenD. was; tookI ended our friendship, we have both learnt nothing.A. Have; wouldB. Had; mustC. Have, mustD. Had

13、; wouldIf I you, I her advice.A. was; will takeB. were; will have takenC. were; would takeD. was; tookWithout the new paints and the new technique, we see the manygreat masterpieces for which this period is famous.A. will not be able toB. were not be able toC.would not be able toD. are not be able t

14、oThe sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun roundthe earth.tA. were circling B. circlesC. is circlingD. be circlingMary is not willing to go abroad because she thinks if she there, she wouldnsee her parents very often.A. lives B. is to liveC. would liveD. were to liveW

15、hen life gets hard and you want to give up, remember that life is full of ups anddowns, and without the downs, the ups nothing.A. would have meantB. would meanC.must have meantD. must meanI owe my current success to David, my best friend since childhood, without whom I have no idea where I today.A.

16、amB. wasC.would have beenD. would beThe gap between the rich and the poor makes it essential that the government a dynamic solution to the problem.A. must adoptB. adoptC. can adoptD. adopts26. But for the fact thatChinaalso affected by the global financial crisis, we fewerun employed workers now.A.

17、is; would haveB. were; would haveC.was; would have hadD. were; would have had27. If youin love with literature at first, youa famous writer now.A. didn t fall, cant beB. should fall, couldnt have beenC.hadnt fall, shouldnt beD. hadn t fall, couldnt be28. I have great difficulty worki ng out this pro

18、blem.29. to me, youless difficulty with such problems.A. If you had liste ned; would have hadB. If you liste ned; would haveC. Had you liste ned; would haveD. If you liste n; will have30. Mr. Black insisted that he hadn t done anything wrong and that herespected byhis colleagues.A. isB. wasC. beD. h

19、ad been31. There is some possibility that the patient could make a full recovery,a certaincure for the disease.A. there should beB. was thereC.there wasD. should there be32. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have negative effectsto use them wisely and flexibly.A. if the s

20、tude nts have failedB. if the stude nts failC.had the stude nts failedD. should the stude nts fail四、单句语法填空(本大题共 5小题，共分)33. If I(be) you, I would apologize immediately.34. If you(be)with me right now, we would be chatt ing over a coffee.35. If you had liste ned to my advice just now, you(be) better n

21、ow.36. People say that the art exhibiti on is worth see in g. I wish I(ca n) go with youbutI m too busy these days.37. You don t have to be in a such hurry, I would rather youon bus in ess first.(go)五、单句改错(本大题共 3小题，共分)38. Either the workers or the boss usually like eat ing in this restaura nt for lu

22、n ch.39. 句子改错40. (1)If I am you, I would build a small woode n house in the village.(2) Ca n you sing any son gs, n either in Chin ese or in En glish.(3) Because of the pollution, the villagers are running out the drinking water.(4) In order to strength the protection for the deserts, they formed a

23、special team.(5) A little boy was struggling in the river, crying for help desperate.41. IfIwereamillionaire ， Iwilltravelaroundtheworld 42. 六、句子翻译（本大题共 2 小题，共分）43. 事实上，如果我们现在听到古英语，我们也理解不了。44. 如果你住在一个地方， 附近正在举行一场婚姻宴会， 你可能不会有太好的睡眠。 拟语气 ）答案和解析1.【答案】 （ 1） could be（ 2） had seen（ 3） were not（ 4） If only

24、； had taken（ 5） hadnt made ； would have passed（ 6） without the rain（ 7） But for（ 8） If only（ 9） Had； come【解析】（1）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，填入的是wish 后的宾语从句，通常用虚拟语气，有三种情况： 1.现在的愿望，从句用过去时； 2.过去的愿望，从 句用过去完成时，通常是与过去相反的假设； 3.将来的愿望，从句用 would/could/should/might 加动词原形。由句意知道，这里是将来的愿望，上 文是 cant ，故填 could be。（2）由上一句和本句提示部分可

25、知，这里是时间错综条件句。主句和现在 事实相反，从句和过去事实相反，谓语动词要用had done。故填had seen。（3） 由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是if 引导的非真实性条件状语从句，和现在事实相反，所以从句谓语部分的be动词用were，故填were not。（4）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，要用 if only 来引导从句； If only 常常用来表示强烈的愿望， 因为用于虚拟语句时和 wish 类似，表达强烈的遗憾或与 真实条件不符的愿望。表达形式：表示与将来情况不同：if only +从句主语+ would（could, might）+动词原形； 表示与现在情况不同：if

26、only +从句 主语+动词过去式；表达与过去情况不同：if only +从句主语+ would/could have/had +过去分词。由句意知道，本句是和过去事实相反，故填If only；had taken。（5）由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是 if引导的非真实性条件状语从 句，和过去事实相反，从句谓语部分要用had done,主句要用would/could/should/might+have+done ，故填 hadnt made； would have passed。（ 6）由上一句和本句提示部分可知， 这里使用介词 without 引导的介词短语 表示一个暗含的非真实条件状语。

27、 without, otherwise, but for, but 引导的短语 或句子有时相当于一个虚拟条件句。假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来， 而是暗含在上下文中，通过介词短语来表示。使用到这些词组的句子中，虚 拟语气的用法一般是： 对现在的虚拟： would+do ；对过去的虚拟： would(not) + have done。本句主句谓语部分是 would die,符合条件，再由三个空格可知， 故填 without the rain 。(7) 由上一句和本句空格部分可知，填入的是but for，意为 要不是。注意：该单词位于句首，首字母要大写。故填But for。(8) 由上一句和本句

28、提示部分可知，If only 常常用来表示强烈的愿望，用于虚拟语句时和 wish 类似，再由本句两个空格可知，故填If only。(9) 由上一句和本句提示部分可知，这里是省略了 if的非真实性条件状语 从句，和过去事实相反，所以提前 had。注意：该单词位于句首，首字母要 大写。故填 Had； come。2. 【答案】 there were no【解析】根据句意可知， 如果没有联合国的慈善大使， 做这件事情的人将不会被鼓励。 这是明显的与现在事实相反的假设。 if 从句中应使用动词的过去式。动词是 be 时通用 were。 there be 结构表示存在有。故填 there were no。

29、3. 【答案】 couldafford; wouldgo out【解析】原句句意：我们不经常出去，因为我们支付不起。改写为 If条件句虚拟语气 “如果我们能支付的起的话， 我们就会经常出去。 ”。由原句谓语动词 dont go 可知时态为一般现在时，表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句为 lf+主语+动词 一般过去时(Be动词用were)，主句为主语+should/would/might/could+do 。故 填 couldafford; wouldgo out。4. 【答案】 didnt say【解析】句意：时机还不成熟。我宁愿你现在什么都没有说。此句考查 would rather 之后的宾语从

30、句，常表示与客观事实不相符的一种愿望，故使用虚拟语气。其虚拟语气的结构为：与过去事实相反采用had+done；与现在事实相反是采 用一般过去时(be用were )；与将来事实相反时采用一般过去时(be用were )。 根据时间状语 for the time being (目前)可以判断出与现在事实相反。故填 didnt say。5. 【答案】 wouldnt ； where【解析】由句子结构知道，本句是if引导的非真实性条件状语从句，和现在事实相反， 所以主句要用would nt ;第二空是near后的宾语从句，根据句意可知用连词 where 引导宾语从句。故填 wouldnt； where。

31、6. 【答案】 they invented virtual reality holidays【解析】 本题考查虚拟语气，通过语境可知，这里是表示对现在情况虚拟， if 引导的 从句谓语动词用一般过去时，故填 they invented virtual reality holidays。7. 【答案】 (1) knew where she was2) had been turned【解析】if，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气，和现在事实相反，用一般过去时。 where she was, 是宾语从句，用陈述句语序。故填 knew where she wasif，好像，仿佛。后面从句用虚拟语气。和过

32、去事实相反，用过去完成时。 she 与 turn 是被动关系，用被动语态。故填 had been turned。8.【答案】 （1） were（ 2） would be（ 3） Had; followed（ 4） should not come/ didnt come/were not to come（ 5） were; would go（ 6） Were; to rain/Should; rain（ 7） would have; were/should be（ 8） had; would come（ 9） had taken; would not have made（ 10） had kno

33、wn; would have invited【解析】（1） 句意：要是我是你的话，我就和他一起去那儿了。在if 引导的非真实 虚拟条件句中， 与现在事实相反， 从句用一般过去时（ be 动词一律用 were）， 主句用 would/could/should/might+do 。故填 were。（2）句意：如果我当初在学校努力学习的话，我现在就是一名大学生了。 这是一个错综虚拟条件句，从句是对过去的虚拟，谓语动词应该用过去完成时had done，主句是对现在的虚拟，用 would/could/should/might+do。故填 would be。（3）句意：要是他听了你的建议，他就通过那次考试

34、了。此处是对过去的 虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时 had done，主句用 would/could/should/might+have done 。当从句中含有 had/should/were 时， if 可以省略，把 had/should/were 提前置于句首。故填 Had; followed。（4）句意：如果你明天不来这儿的话，我们就取消这次会议。此处是对将 来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时 /should do/were to do ，主句 用 would/could/should/might+do 。当从句中含有 had/should/were 时， if 可以

35、省略，把 had/should/were 提前置于句首。故填 should not come/didnt come/were not to come 。（5）句意：他现在很忙。如果他有空的话，它就和你一起去了。此处是对 现在的虚拟， 与现在事实相反， 从句用一般过去时 （ be 动词一律用 were ）， 主句用 would/could/should/might+do 。故填 were; would go 。（6）句意：要是明天下雨的话，这场比赛将会被取消。此处是对将来的虚 拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时 /should do/were to do ，主句用 would/could/sh

36、ould/might+do 。当从句中含有 had/should/were 时， if 可以省 略，把 had/should/were 提前置于句首。故填 Were; to rain 或 Should; rain。（7）句意：如果没有其他安排的话，我们下周四将开一次会。此处是对将 来的虚拟，与将来事实相反，从句用一般过去时 /should do/were to do ，主句 用 would/could/should/might+do 。当从句中含有 had/should/were 时， if 可以 省略，把 had/should/were 提前置于句首。故填 would have; were/

37、should be 。（8）句意：对不起，我现在很忙。如果我有时间的话，我就去看你。与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时（be动词一律用were），主句用 would/could/should/might+do 。故填 had; would come。（ 9）句意：如果我采纳了你的建议，我就不会犯这样一个错误了。此处是 对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done,主句用would/could/should/might+have done 。故填 had taken; would not have made。（ 10）句意：我们不知道他的电话号码。 如果我们知道的话， 早就邀请他

38、了。 此处是对过去的虚拟，与过去事实相反，从句用过去完成时had done,主句用 would/could/should/might+have done 。故填 had known; would have invited。9. 【答案】 would take【解析】 由句意可知，本句表示的是与现在事实相反的假设。根据虚拟语气的相关知 识，主句中应用 “would+do形式，故填 would take。10. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：村里有一个很好的社交生活， 我希望我有第二次机会更多地参与其中。 wish 后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反或不大可能实 现的愿望。表示与现在

39、事实相反的愿望：主语 +wish（that） +从句主语 +动词 一般过去式，根据前一句中使用了一般现在时可知， wish 从句中表示与现在 事实相反的愿望，所以从句应该使用一般过去时。故选A。11. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：他在上课时没有认真听讲，不然的话，他现在不会感觉考试那么难。 本题语境是错综时间虚拟条件句，根据 otherwise 之后的时间状语 now 提示 可知，本空与现在事实相反，用情态动词 +动词原形结构，故选 C。12. 【答案】 A【解析】句意: “如果每一个学生意识到学习的重要性，他们就会有效的学习。 ”此题表 示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，省略if, be awar

40、e of中be动词提到主语前用 倒装。在虚拟语气中，be动词用were。故选A。13. 【答案】 C【解析】句意：如果没有现代通讯工具， 我们不得不要等好几个周末才能得知天下事。 对现在情况的虚拟，条件句中用一般过去时，be动词用were，主句用would/should/might/could + 动词原形。故选 C。14. 【答案】 A【解析】句意：如果现在有 1973 年的人看到宿舍的留言板，他就不明白上面写的是 什么，因为俚语的表达已经发生了很大的变化。由句子结构可知，设空处第 一空考查的是if条件句的虚拟语气；由时间词now可知，设空处表示与现在 事实相反的if条件句的虚拟语气，此时i

41、f条件句的谓语动词需用其一般过去 时，所以第一空需用looked at ;再结合句子结构和前后文可知，第二空表示 的是现在的情况，所以 what后be动词需用is。故选A。15. 【答案】 A【解析】 句意：那两个男孩看起来像双胞胎，因为他们长得很像。当说话人认为句子 所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if从句用虚拟语气。 从句表示与现在事实相反，所以谓语动词用一般过去时。故选A。16. 【答案】 C【解析】略17. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：如果我是你，我就会采取她的建议。根据语境，此处为与现在事实相 反的虚拟语气，if从句用一般过去时（be动词用were），主句用主语

42、 +would/could/might/should+do 的形式，故选 C。18. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：如果我结束了友谊，我们都不会学到任何东西。本题考查虚拟语气， 第一空用had done,将had提前大写；第二空表示过去将来的动作，用would， 故选 D。19. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：如果我是你，我会采取她的建议。考查与现在事实相反的虚拟语气， 条件从句系动词用 were，主句谓语动词为would+动词原形。故选C。20. 【答案】 C【解析】 句意：如果没有新的颜料和新技术，我们将无法看到许多这个时期着名的伟 大的杰作。本句用到了 without 引导的含蓄条件句，表示

43、对过去情况的虚拟； 主句表示对现在情况的虚拟，所以应用主语 +would/should/could/might do 。 故选 C。21. 【答案】 A【解析】句意：太阳从东边升起，从西边落下，看起来好像太阳绕着地球转。as if后接从句，从句中用虚拟语气，对现在事实进行虚拟，用过去进行时，be动词用were。故选A。22. 【答案】 D【解析】略23. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：当生活变得艰难而你想要放弃的时候，请记住，生命总是起起伏伏， 如果未曾走过下坡路，那上坡路就毫无意义。分析句子结构可知，此处是由 without 引出的含蓄虚拟句， without the downs 相当于虚拟条

44、件句； 根据上下 文语境可知，是对现在情况的虚拟，所以空格处应用虚拟的主句形式 would+do 。故选 B。24. 【答案】 D【解析】句意：我把我现在的成功归功于我童年时最好的朋友David,没有他，我不知道我现在会是什么样子的。考查与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词用 would + 动词原形。故选 D。25. 【答案】 B【解析】 句意：贫富差距使得政府必须采取一种动态的方法来解决这个问题。根据句 意，结合虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的运用，应填入（should）adopt 才能是句子语法成立，结合选项，只有 B 选项符合要求，故选 B。26. 【答案】 A【解析】 这里考查的是一个含蓄虚拟

45、条件句， 其条件隐含在 But for 短语里面， 而该短 语里 that 后是一个同位语从句，指的现在的情况，因此用一般现在时；而后 面部分是主句，表示与现在的情况相反，因此用虚拟语气（ would / should / could / might +动词原形）。句意：要不是中国也受全球经济危机的影响，我 们现在失业（未就业）的工人就会更少了。故选A。27. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：如果你一开始没有爱上文学，你现在就不可能是一个着名的作家。考 查条件从句中是与过去事实相反的虚拟，主句与现在事实相反虚拟的谓语动 词。与过去事实相反，谓语动词用 had + v-ed;与现在事实相反，谓语用

46、could/should + 动词原形。故选 D。28. 【答案】 C【解析】句意： 我很难解决这个问题。 如果你早听我的话，你在处理这些问 题时就不会那么困难了。根据语境推断，前半句的从句描述与过去事实相反 的条件，与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句中，从句中用过去完成时，因此选项AC符合条件；后面主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，该用 would+动词原形， 所以整个句子是混合型的虚拟语气，因此再排除 A；另外从句中had置于句 首时，省略if，故选C。29. 【答案】 C【解析】略30. 【答案】 D【解析】 句意：如果有某种治疗方法，病人可能会完全康复。逗号后面为虚拟语气在 非真实条件句中的应用，

47、 表示与将来事实相反的假设， 此时可以使用过去式、 should do 和 were to do 做条件句中的谓语动词。虚拟语气中，从句谓语形包 含should、were、had时，可以省略if,将should、were、had提前构成倒装， 本句中后半句可写为 If there should bea certain cure for the disease 构成倒装 之后为 Should there bea certain cure for the disease 故选 D。31. 【答案】D【解析】句意：如果学生不能明智灵活地使用在线学习资源，那么在线学习资源将不 再有效，甚至会产生负面影响。分析可知，句子描述的内容是与现在事实相 反的假设，所以这里使用的是虚拟语气，并且是省略了if的条件句，在含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中，如有had，should，were这三个词的话，在正式或书面语言中可将if省略，再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行