宾语从句讲练

1、宾语从句1、 宾语从句的种类宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。（1） 他说他是一名医生。 宾语从句做 （2） 他期盼着你能早点回来：He is looking forward to that .从句做 （3） 我听到那个信息很难过.I was sad that 宾语从句做 根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1. 由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：（1）他说他想待在家里。 He said he .（2）她不知道她病得很重。 She doesnt know .（3）我确信他

2、会成功的。 I am sure 。.2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句。连接代词在宾语从句中做主语、宾语或定语等；连接副词在宾语从句中充当状语。例如：（1）Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?Who做 翻译句 （2）He asked whose handwriting was the best.Whose做 翻译 （3）Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?Where做 翻译 （4）I do

3、nt know why the train is late.Why做 翻译 3. 由if或whether引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句或选择疑问句充当的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。 Whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。例如：（1）I want to know if (whether) he lives there.翻译 （2）He asked me whether (if) I could help him.翻译 （3）我们相信他说的话。We believe .只能用whether不能用if的情况：1）在

4、介词后面的宾语从句中不用if引导 所有的一切都依赖于我们是不是有足够的钱。 Everything we have enough money。2）宾语从句中有or not时不用if引导. 我不知道那位电影明星会不会来。 I dont know the movie star or not.3） 和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导. 是不是要去那里还没有定。 there or not hasnt been decided. 我们问了他，是否马上走。 We asked him leave at once.注意：（1）that引导的宾语从句的语序是陈述语气，宾语从句的主句的动词也是具有陈述语气的动词，如;

5、say, tell, know, think, believe, Im sure, Im glad. （2）if , whether, 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句是疑问语气，宾语从句的主句动词或句型也具有疑问语气，一般情况下主句可以是否定句、问句或具有疑问语气的动词。如：Ask, wonder, want to know, Im not sure, I dont know, Can you tell me?等。 二、宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句语序。例如：（1）我听说物理容易。I hear . （2）我认为你会喜欢这个学校的。I think soon.（3）你能告诉我如何才能到动物园

6、？Can you tell me ? 注意;(1) 陈述句充当宾语从句，是陈述语序，语序不变。 （2）特殊疑问词做主语，问句的语序是陈述语序，否则是疑问语序。 （3）疑问句（一般疑问句、特殊疑问句）充当宾语从句，语序是疑问语序，如何将疑问语序改为陈述语序：一去、二还、三去又还。一去：去助动词do。二还：把be，情态动词，助动词have/has还原到原来陈述句的位置上; 三去又还：把does去掉，第三人称单数还原到原来的谓语动词上；把did去掉，还原过去式。判断下列句子是否是疑问语序，如果是请将其改为陈述语序：（1） Whats your name? （2） Whats wrong with y

7、ou? （3） What happened to you? （4） What did you say? （5） What does he tell you? （6） When do you get up on Sunday? （7） What makes him sad? （8） Whose shirt is this? （9） Must I finish my homework? （10） Why dont you go to school? 三、 宾语从句的时态受主句的限制， 1. 主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。2. 主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。3. 如果从句的

8、过去动作发生在主句过去动作之前，则从句要用过去完成时。4. 如果从句的过去动作发生在主句过去动作之后，则从句要用过去将来时。例:1） She says that she is a student. She said that she a student.2）She says that she will fly to Japan in a week. She said that she fly to Japan in a week.3）She says that she has finished her homework already. She said that she her homewo

9、rk already. 4) He said he (be) to Hongkong twice. 5) 他说他几天后才能回来。 He said back in a few days. 3. 如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。例：The teacher said that the earth （go） round the sun. He told me that Japan (be) an island country.注意：时态变化规则：当主句是一般过去时时，从句时态做如下变化。一般现在时-一般过去时；现在进行时-过去进行时；一般将来时-过去将来时；

10、现在完成时-过去完成时；一般过去时-过去完成时；客观真理永不变。四、宾语从句的否定转移 1. 当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。(1) I think it is right for him to treat you like that. （否定句） (2) 我相信他是不会来的。 he come here. 2. 主句的谓语动词think, believe, suppose, expect,等，并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时，从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来，其反义疑问句一般与宾语

11、从句一致。 （1）I dont believe that man is killed by Jim, ? （2）I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, she/he? （3）We suppose you have finished the project, ? 3. 如果宾语从句中有某个含有否定意义的形容词或副词(不包含带有否定前缀的词，如：unhappy，unfair，dislike等), 其反义疑问句要用肯定形式. （1）He never listens to the teacher carefully, ? （2）

12、she needs no help, ? （3）They dont believe shes an engineer, ? （4）She expects that we are coming so soon, ?五、宾语从句的简化1. 当主句谓语动词是hope, decide, wish, choose, agree,等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如： Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. Li Ming hopes very soon. We decided that we would help him.We

13、him. 2. 当主句谓语动词是know, remember, forget, tell等动词，且主句主语与从句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如： She has forgotten how she can open the window. She has forgotten the window. 注：当主句谓语动词是tell, ask, show, teach等动词，且后带双宾语，从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。例如： Could you tell me how I can get to the station？ Could you

14、 tell me to the station？注意：规则是：去主去情家to。 3. 某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词（短语）等其他形式简化。例如： He insisted that he should go with us. He insisted with us. （insist on doing sth）4. 某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing形式（作宾语补足语” 结构。例如： Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. Liu Ping found a wallet on the grou

15、nd.（find sb / sth doing sth） 5. 动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式（短语）来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如： It seemed that the boys were going to win. The boys seemed . （It seems that = seem to do / adj.） 除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如： I found that it was difficult to learn English well. I found it difficult English well. （find it adj to

16、 do sth）They found that the box was very heavy. They found the box . （宾语补足语：find sb / sth adj.）宾语从句练习一用合适的连接词填空1. Wang Hai told me _ he didnt go hiking yesterday afternoon.(how, why)2. Can you tell me _ else is going to be on duty today (who, whom)3. She said _ it wouldnt matter much.(that, if)4. He

17、 always thinks _ he can do better.(how, who)5. I really dont know _ the bridge will be finished.(how long, how soon)6. They dont know _ we are going hiking. (when, what)7. She wanted to know _ her coat would be ready the next day. (when, if)8. I was really surprised at _ I saw. (what, who)9. I dont

18、know _ so many people crowding round him. (how, why)10. Do you know _ shirt it is (whose, whos)二. 选择题1. I dont know _ he will be back home. A. who B. what C. when D. where2. Could you tell me _ A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in3. Do you

19、still remember _ A. that he said B. what he said C. did he say that D. what did he say4. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she leftB. why did she leave C. why she had leftD. why had she left5. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose C. rises D. had risen6. They tried to find out _

20、the new train _. A. how far/had goneB. how long/has goneC. how far/went D. how far had/run7. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matterB. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. whats the matter8. Can you tell me _ A. where are you doing B. where do you study C. where you were doing D

21、. where you study9. Its you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen11. I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the tr

22、ain leave D. the train leave12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to check D. to how checking13. _ hell come or not isnt important. A. Why B. If C. Whether D. What14. Would you like to know _they will do it or not. A. if B. that C. whether D. why15. I want to kn

23、ow_. A. what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name isD. what his name is 16. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _five years. A. how, another B. what, more C. how, other D. what, another17. Could you tell me _ Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. w

24、here he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone18. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you will have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains19. I dont know if he _tomorrow. I

25、f he _tomorrow, Ill meet him. A. will come/ comes B. comes/ comes C. will come/ will comeD. comes/ will come20. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arriveC. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives21. The girls asked if they _ some food and drink with them

26、. A. took B. take C. takes D. will take22. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which23. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mendB. how he mendsC. how he mended D. how did he mend24. She asked Linda if_ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C

27、. she can D. she may25. Linda said the moon_ round the earth. A. traveledB. has travelled C. travels D. had traveled26. What did Mike say? He said _. A. if you were free the next week B. what colour was it C. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring27. Tom asked my friend _. A. that the eart

28、h is bigger than the moon B. where was he from C. when did he come back D. not to be so angry28. Let me tell you _ A. how much is the car B. how much does the car cost C. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car29. Peter knew _. A. whether he has finished reading the bookB. why

29、the boy had so many questions C. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for Paris30. I hear that he _ to Beijing yesterday. A. goes B. will go C. went D. have gone31. I havent seen _ before. A. so an interesting filmB. such an interesting film C. so interesting film D. such interesti

30、ng a film32. I _ that we will visit the farm next week. A. didnt suppose B. dont suppose C. never supposed D. supposed33. I dont think he is right, _? A. isnt he B. is he C. do I D. dont I34. He believes she is right, _? A. doesnt he B. does he C. is she D. isnt she35. I thought that he disliked pla

31、ying football, _? A. didnt he B. did he C. did I D. didnt I三. 将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句.(1)These flowers are from Guangdong. He said. He said _ these flowers _ from Guangdong.(2)Light travels faster than sound. My teacher told me. My teacher told me _ light _ faster than sound.(3)There will be a meeting

32、in five days. Jack didnt know. Jack didnt know _ there _ _ a meeting in five days.(4)Can they speak French? I want to know. I want to know _ _ _ _ French.(5)Are the children playing games? Tell me. Tell me _ the children _ _ games.(6) “Have you finished your homework yet?” Mr. Zhao asked Ma Chao. Mr

33、. Zhao asked Ma Chao _ _ _ _ _ homework yet.(7)How many people can you see in the picture? Who knows Who knows _ _ _ _ _ _ in the picture(8)Where did she park her car? Do you know? Do you know _ _ _ her car(9)What does he often talk about? The girl wondered. The girl wondered _ _ often _ about.(10)W

34、ho knocked at the door so loudly? I dont know. I dont know _ _ at the door so loudly.宾语从句专项练习1、 选择填空：( ) 1. Its so dark. I cant find out _ its a boy _ a girl. A. if, and B. that, and C. either, or D. whether, or( ) 2. Could you tell me if he _ to Shanghai? A. has gone B. had gone C. went D. go( ) 3.

35、 He told me _ she would catch the early bus. A. which B. whether C. who D. that( ) 4. Mrs. Green asked me _ I would go with her. A. what B. which C. why D. that( ) 5. I dont know _ the coat _ cheap enough. A. if, is B. where,were C. that ,was D. if, were( ) 6. Call you tell me why _ yesterday? A. yo

36、u didnt come B. did you not come C. didnt you come D. you dont come( ) 7. He said that they _ Yunnan. A. have been to B. had gone to C. have gone to D. has gone to( ) 8. Jack isnt sure _ students there are in his class. A. how many B. what C. which D. whether( ) 9. Can you tell me _ yesterday? A. wh

37、at they do B. what they did C. what do they do D. what did they do( ) 10. I want to know _ his homework yesterday evening. A. if he finished B. whether he had finished C. had she finishedD. has she finished( ) 11. Do you know what _ this time yesterday? A. they are doing B. are they doing C. they we

38、re doing D. were they doing( ) 12. Excuse me, can you tell me _ ？ A. why was the train late B. why the train was late C. why is the train late D. why the train is late( ) 13. Do you know where _ ? Someone is looking for him. A. he is B. he was C. is he D. was he( ) 14. He wanted to know how long _ i

39、n hospital. A. she is staying B. she had stayed C. did she stay D. she stay( ) 15. My brother said he _ going _ his friend the next day. A. was, to meet B. would go, has C. will go, was going to D. will go, will( ) 16. He told me that he _ to London the next day. A. would go B. go C. went D. has gon

40、e( ) 17. He said that light _ much faster than sound. A. traveled B. will travel C. travels D. is traveling( ) 18. Our teacher said that the moon _ around the earth. A. turn B. turned C. has turned D. turns( ) 19. He said that April _ the _ month of a year. A. is, third B. is, fourth C. was, fourth

41、D. was, third( ) 20. Do you know _ ? A. is it whose pen B. whose pen is it C. whose pen it is D. it is whose pen( ) 21. Can you tell me _ ? A. who are you B. who you are C. you are who D. who you be( ) 22. Do you know _ of the three? A. which book she likes best B. which best book does she like C. t

42、hat which book she likes best D. which book she best likes( ) 23. I hear _ the teacher will come back from the UK soon. A. which B. that C. when D. whether( ) 24. Can you tell me _ language she speaks, Chinese or Japanese ? A. which B. what C. that D. whether( ) 25. Can you tell us _ you grow cotton

43、 in your country? A. that B. whether C. which D. whose( ) 26. I dont understand _ you said. A. when B. that C. where D. what( ) 27. Do you know _ made him angry last time? A. when B. that C. where D. what( ) 28. Can you tell me _ the meeting will begin? Yesterday. A. what B. whether C. when D. where

44、( ) 29. _ surprised me most was _ he didnt go to school yesterday. A. What, how B. What, that C. That, that D. Whom, that( ) 30. I wondered _ they had been to America. A. if B. what C. who D. that( ) 31. You will feel hungry _ you dont have breakfast. A. what B. why C. if D. how( ) 32. Do you know _

45、 Jack left so early? A. what B. why C. until D. though( ) 33. You must do _ I told you. A. after B. before C. where D. as( ) 34. I am sure _ you said is true. A. what B. that C. which D. who( ) 35. It has not been decided _ they will leave. A. why B. when C. which D. what( ) 36. Go back _ you come from. A. until B. where C.