英语必修一复习4 Unit4.ppt

1、.单词思忆 (一)基本单词 1. vi. 爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发 2. v. 破坏；毁坏；消灭 3. v.(使)震惊；震动 n.休克；打击；震惊 4. n.& vt.援救；营救 5. vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 6. vt.使陷入困境 n.陷阱；困境 7. n.灾难；灾祸 8. n.掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 9. n.& vt.损失；损害 10. n.事件；大事,(二)派生单词 11. adj.极度的 adv.极其地 12. v.损害；伤害 n.受伤；伤害 adj.受伤的 13. vt.使惊吓；吓唬 adj.受惊的；受恐吓的 adj.令人恐惧的 14. n.祝贺；(复数)贺词 v.祝贺 15.

2、 n.裁判员；法官 v.断定；判断；判决 n.判断；判决,.短语回顾 1.立刻；马上 right . 2.结束；终结 an end 3.严重受损；破败不堪 ruins 4.掘出；发现 dig . 5.许多；大量的a (great)number . 6.评价很低；不重视think little . 7.横穿；横跨cut . 8.以而自豪；引以为荣be proud ,.佳句仿练 1.In the farmyards，the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.(too.to.太以致于不能。) 他眼睛盯着地面，紧张得答不上来。 rep

3、ly，he stared at the floor. 2.It seemed as if the world was at an end！(It seems as if.看起来好像。) 会议已持续了两个小时，看起来会议没完没了。 The meeting has lasted for two hours. it never ended. 3.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.(.were left without parents是“leave宾语宾补”的被动结构。) 现在只剩

4、下她和她的儿子单独在一起。 Now she with her son.,4.Then，later that afternoon，another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan.(as strong as the first one属于“as.as”结构，表示原级比较。) 他的英语说得不如你流利。 He doesnt speak English you. 5.All hope was not lost.(本句是部分否定。) 这些书并非全都受人们的欢迎。 these books popular

5、 with people. .同步语法 定语从句()(that，which，who，whose),.1.burst2.destroy3.shock4.rescue5.bury6.trap7.disaster 8.shelter9.damage10.event11.extreme；extremely12.injure； injury；injured13.frighten；frightened；frightening 14.congratualtion；congratulate15.judge；judgement .1.away2.at3.in4.out5.of6.of7.across8.of .

6、1.Too nervous to2.It seems as if3.was left alone 4.as fluently as5.All；are not,1.burst vi.(burst，burst)爆裂；爆发 n.突然破裂；爆发 In the city，the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.(P26)在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。 The police burst in and arrested the drug dealer. 警察突然闯进来，逮捕了这名毒犯。 Upon hearing the funny stor

7、y，everybody burst into laughter/burst out laughing. 听了这个滑稽的故事，大家都哈哈大笑。 The soldiers heard the bursts of guns in the distance. 士兵们听到了远处的枪声。,burst n.突然爆发；闯入 burst doing sth.突然开始做 burst into laughterburst 突然大笑起来in,into,out,out laughing,【即时应用】用burst短语完成下列句子 (1)看到儿子那可笑的样子，妈妈突然大笑起来。 Seeing her sons funny

8、look，the mother . (2)一家人正在房间里看电视，这时几个陌生人突然破门而入。 The family were watching TV in the room . 【答案】 (1)burst out laughing/burst into laughter (2)when several strangers burst in,2.ruin n.U毁坏；毁灭；崩溃 n.C(pl.)废墟；遗迹 v.(使)破产；(使)堕落；毁灭 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.(P26) 在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一

9、片废墟。 .youd better get the local (当地的)museum hours correct or you could really ruin someones vacation. 你最好确定当地博物馆开放的准确时间，否则你就会毁掉某个人的假日。 The ancient temple had fallen into ruin. 这座古老的庙宇已经是破败不堪了。 Youll ruin your chances of getting the job if you wear that shirt to the interview！你如果穿着那件衬衫去面试，你就会断送得到这份工作

10、的机会！, ruins严重受损；破败不堪 fall ruin灭亡；荒废 bring.to ruin使毁灭；使没落 go/come ruin毁灭；落空 ruin oneself毁掉自己 ruin ones health/fame毁坏某人的健康/名誉,in,in/into,to,destroy/ruin/damage destroy只能用作动词，常指彻底破坏，无法修复。可用于指希望、计划等被毁掉；程度上指毁灭性的。 ruin主要强调毁灭的彻底性，是一次性的行为，即人、物毁坏到不能复存或面目全非的地步或事后此物虽存在，却已失去其优良的特征或特性。ruin既可作动词，也可作名词，表“毁灭，破产”。其名

11、词复数形式表示废墟。 damage常指人的威信、名声或物品的外观、价值、用途等受到损坏，失去或降低其使用价值，即修理后还可以继续使用。damage既可作动词，也可作名词。,【即时应用】 用ruin/destroy/damage的适当形式填空 (1)The car was only slightly in the accident. (2)All hopes of a peaceful settlement were by his violent speech. (3)He has his health through drinking. 【答案】 (1)damaged(2)destroyed(

12、3)ruined,3.injure vt.损害；伤害 Twothirds of them died or were injured during the earthquake.(P26) 他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。 Your words may injure her pride. 你的话也许会伤她的自尊。 The injured were taken to the hospital. 受伤者被送进了医院。,injured adj.受伤的 the injured伤员 injury n.伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人,injure/

13、hurt/wound/harm injure特指意外事故中造成的伤害。 hurt作及物动词时，表示“受伤”；既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害；作不及物动词时，表示“(身体某个部分)疼痛”。 wound通常指由武器造成的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指在战场上造成的伤害。 harm用于表示精神或肉体上的伤害均可，有时也可指引起不安或不便。还可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情。,【即时应用】 用harm/injure/hurt/wound的适当形式填空 (1)What really me was that he never answered my letter. (2)About

14、 50 people were seriously in the attack. (3)Two men were severely trying to save a 5yearold girl from the burning house. (4)I my eyes by reading in dimlight. 【答案】(1)hurt(2)wounded(3)injured(4)harmed,4.bury vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏；使沉浸；使专心；插入；刺入 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bu

15、ry the dead.(P26)救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。 Many workers were buried when there was an accident at the mine.矿上发生意外事故时，许多矿工都被埋在地下。 She was sitting with her head buried in a newspaper. 她坐着埋头看报纸。,bury in sth.使陷入；埋头(工作、学习) be buried (doing)sth.专心致志于某事 be buried in 在沉思中,oneself,in,thought,【即时应用】 in thou

16、ght，the general manager didnt notice his honored guests had already arrived. A.LaidB.Buried C.Placed D.Missing 【解析】 be buried in thought意为“陷入深思”，因作状语，所以只保留分词形式buried，可替换为“Because he was buried in thought.”。 【答案】B,5.shock v.(使)震惊；震动 n.休克；打击；震惊 People were shocked.(P26)人们惊呆了。 His death came as a great

17、 shock to us all. 他的去世对我们是个沉重打击。 It shocked me to think how close we had come to being killed.想到我们差一点丧命，我就很害怕。(朗文),be shocked .对感到震惊 be shocked sth.做某事很震惊 be shocked that.对很震惊 a great shock令人震惊的人/事 shocking neaws 令人震惊的消息,at,to do,【即时应用】 用shock的适当形式填空 (1)The news of his death in the flood was ，and al

18、l the volunteers got at it. (2)It was a real to hear that the factory would have to close. 【答案】(1)shocking；shocked(2)shock,6.judge v.判定；判断；判决 n.裁判员；法官；评判员 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.(P30) 五位评委听了你的演讲，一致认为这是今年最好的。 Schools tend

19、to be judged by the performance of their students in exams. 人们常以学生的考试成绩来判断其学校的好坏。 As far as I can judge，they are all to blame. 据我判断，他们都有责任。,judging 从上看，根据判断 I can judge据我判断，我认为 judge sb./sth.from/by.从来判断,【温馨提醒】judging from/by表示“从上看，根据来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语。,from/by,as far as,【即时应用】

20、 the data，nearly half of Chinas rare earth exports went to Japan. A.Judge from B.Judging from C.Judged from D.To judge from 【解释】 judging from/by.是固定短语，表示“根据来判断”，此种固定短语作状语，不需要与句子主语一致。 【答案】 B,1.right away 立刻；马上 Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away.(P25) 设想你的家开始摇晃，你必须马上离开。

21、 I want it sent right away. 马上把它发出去。,表示“立刻，马上”也可用以下结构： at once/right now/right off/immediately,【即时应用】 Can I use your camera for a few days？ Certainly.I will not use it . A.at once B.right away C.right now D.for the moment 【解析】句意为“我目前不用”，只有for the moment目前；暂时，符合此意。 【答案】D,2.at an end终结；结束 It seemed as

22、 if the world was at an end！(P26) 似乎是世界未日了。 The long hot summer was at last at an end. 漫长的酷暑终于过去了。(朗文) He rose to indicate that the conversation was at an end. 他站起来表明谈话已近尾声。,at the end of 在尽头；在末端(指时间或空间的一个终点) come to an end结束 make ends meet使收支相抵；量入为出 by the end of 到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用) bring sth.to a

23、n end使某事结束、终止 in the end最后；终于；最终 end up结束；告终,【即时应用】 选用上述词汇的适当形式填空 (1)After a twomonth practice，Bob passed the test and got the driving license . (2) the meeting everyone was required to give a short speech. (3)That job yesterday，so we got a long holiday. 【答案】(1)in the end(2)At the end of(3)came to a

24、n end,3.dig out挖掘出；发现；翻找出 Why did you dig out all these old magazines？ 你翻出这些旧杂志来干什么？ We had to dig the car out of a snow drift. 我们得把汽车从雪堆里挖出来。(朗文),dig 调查；钻研 dig 挖出；掘出；发现；揭露 dig ones own grave自掘坟墓；自讨苦 The police are digging into all the old papers connected with this case. 警察正在仔细查阅与这个案件有关的所有旧文件。,into

25、,up,【即时应用】 When he a problem he does not give up until he gets to the bottom. A.digs out B.digs into C.digs up D.digs for 【即时应用】句意：当他钻研问题时，他总是追根求源，从不放弃。题干可知B项“钻研、调查问题”符合句意。 【答案】B,4.a great number of许多；大量的 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.(P27) 这么

26、多人死亡是因为地震发生时他们正在睡觉。 Now a great number of college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job.But the number of posts available for them is often not enough.如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。,可数名词复数 单数可数名词单数谓语动词 不可数名词 ,【即时应用】 完成句子 (1)(大量的)new students enter the school in September every year. (

27、2)(大量)damage was done in a very short time in this terrible earthquake. 【答案】(1)A great many/A large number of/Lots of/A lot of(2)A great amount of/A great deal of/a lot of/lots of/A large quantity of/large quantities of,1.It seemed as if the world was at an end！(P26) 似乎是世界末日到了！ It seems as if/as tho

28、ugh.似乎是，as if/as though引导的是表语从句，从句中可用陈述语气或虚拟语气。 It looks as if he has been away from home for quite a few days.好像他离开家已经有好几天了。 Katy loves the boy very much as if he were her own son. 凯蒂非常爱这个男孩，好像他就是她自己的儿子。,as if/as though用法,He talks about Rome as if he had been there before. 他谈起罗马来似乎他曾经去过那里。,【温馨提醒】如果

29、as if/as though引导的从句是“主语系动词”结构，且主、从句中主语相同，则可省略从句主语和系动词，这样as if后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词形式。,【高考链接】 (2011湖南高考)Jack wasnt saying anything，but the teacher smiled at him he had done something very clever. A.as ifB.in caseC.whileD.though 【解析】句意：杰克没说什么，但老师向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明智之举似的。as if“似乎是”，符合句意。 【答案】A,【即时应用】

30、 完成句子 (1)Jack stood up(好像要说什么). (2)The old lady treats the boy (就像他是自己的儿子似的). (3)I feel (好像发烧了). 【答案】(1)as if/though (he was going)to say something(2)as if/though he were her own son(3)as if/though I have a fever,2.Thousands of families were killed and many children were left without parents.(P26) 成

31、千上万的家庭被毁，许多孩子成了孤儿。 many children were left without parents为被动语态结构，其中的without parents为主语补足语，表明主语的状态。句中的leave为使役动词，表示“使某人或某物处于某种状态”，常用于以下结构： leave宾语 He went out，leaving his papers lying open on the desk. 他出去了，把文件摊在桌子上。 Did you leave the doors and windows properly fastened？ 你把门窗关好了吗？,【即时应用】 A good stor

32、y does not necessarily have to have a happy ending，but the reader must not be left . A.unsatisfied B.unsatisfying C.to be unsatisfying D.being unsatisfied 【解释】本题的选项处含有“leave宾语宾补”结构，分词和不定式都可作该结构的补语；但据句意此处应为“使某人感到不满意的”，故应用过去分词形式的形容词unsatisfied作补语。 【答案】A,The number of people who were killed or injured

33、reached more than 400,000. 死亡或受伤的人的数目超过了400,000。 本句主语为The number of people；谓语为reached；who were killed or injured为people的定语从句。,.单词拼写 1.All the failures (破坏) all Janes hopes for success. 2.If you cant keep your pet，you can give it to an animal (庇护所). 3.If your brain (判断)the information important，it pl

34、aces it in your memory “files.” 4.Although we are suffering such a severe natural (灾难)，we will never lose heart. 5.Everyone can do something for our environment.For me，I should try to save (电) in my daily life. 6.The wildlife at night is very dangerous，so you have to be ecareful.,7.I had spent much

35、time on the work but the manager told me it was u. 8.On reaching the top of the mountain，we were sto see the view after the big fire. 9.David tried to use his left hand to work because he ihis right hand in a fire. 10.Its a good time to go hunting after it snows，because it is easier to follow the an

36、imals t. 【答案】1.destroyed2.shelter3.judges4.disaster5.electricity6.extremely7.useless8.shocked9.injured10.tracks,.完成句子 1.(他作业没有完成)，he went to play football with his friends.(leave) 2. (他正专注于研究工作)，he didnt notice the house was on fire.(bury) 3.(根据他先前的经历判断)，he has many advantages over other candidates.

37、(judge) 4.Tom raised his hand (好像要说什么).(as if) 5.He (激动地一句话也说不出).(too.to.) (传来这样的消息让人震惊)that he turned down our invitation.(shock).,【答案】1.Leaving his homework unfinished2.As he was burying himself in his research/Buried in his research 3.Judging from his previous experiences4.as if (he was going) to

38、 say something5.was too excited to say a word 6.It came as a shock,.语法专练适当的关系代词填空 1.All we need for the party have been prepared well. 2.The earthquake happened suddenly， made many people die. 3.Jim told me lots of interesting things and persons he had seen abroad. 4.The first bus we got on ran quic

39、kly. 5.I met a friend of mine in the street， had just come back from the USA. 6.My grandparents live in the room door faces north. 【答案】1.that2.which3.that4.that5.who6.whose,.教材活用 用本单元的词汇或句式完成下面的短文(每空不超过三个单词) On the afternoon of April 14,2010，the whole nation are 1. . by a strong earthquake that happ

40、ened in Yushu，Qinghai.At 414，a frightening shaking burst out in this area 2. the whole world was at an end.Soon，a great number of buildings fell down，3. many schools，factories and government offices.Many towns had almost lay 4.More worse，thousands of people lost their lives，and many people were 5. i

41、n the fallen buildings，including many school students.Roads as well as highways were seriously damaged，and the local 6. and communication were all cut off.So many deaths and the great loss the quake caused has left the whole Chinese nation in deep sorrow.,The conditions of the great 7.came just as a

42、n order.The central government called on the PLA men，armed policemen and firefighters to take part in the 8. right away.The most important was to save the possible survivors.Soon，lucky people were dug out one after another from the fallen buildings.Doctors and nurses from home and abroad were helpin

43、g the 9.They were sent to better hospitals where they could be well taken care of.At the same time，the whole nation started to take actions.Thousands of volunteers came to help the victims.They did all kinds of work to reduce their 10.With their help，things in the disaster area are getting better. 【

44、答案】1.shocked2.as if3.destroying4.in ruins 5.trapped6.electricity7.disaster8.rescue9.injured 10.suffering,(二)描写事件类记叙文,记叙文的考查中描写事件的占有很大比重。此类题型往往要求考生根据试卷中提供的情景，组织语言材料，编写成文。具体要注意以下几点： 1.交代清楚人物(who/whom)，时间(when)，地点(where)，事由(what)。 2.按照故事或者事件发生的先后顺序依次描述。 3.层次分明，有条有理。 记述时，要有开头、正文及结尾。有时设计几个人或几件事，一件事往往要涉及到

45、相关的次要事情；有时一件大事中还包括小事，这就要对记述的事情做出分析，分清主线和副线，围绕主线安排副线。 4.详略得当，主次适宜。 记述事情时，要注意主题鲜明突出，清楚具体，内容感人深刻。对于中心事件和最能表现出中心思想的地方，要详细叙述，次要的东西，就少些或不写。,请根据下列要点的提示，报道一起交通事故，词数120左右。 时间：昨天下午1点左右。 地点：市中心广场附近的十字路口。 原因：出租车司机酒后驾驶，头痛；雨天路滑，没有注意到迎面开来的公共汽车。 结果：两车相撞，出租车司机当场死亡。公共汽车上多人严重受伤，被立刻送往第一人民医院。市区交通中断一个多小时。 启示：杜绝酒后驾车，珍爱生命。,学生练笔 A severe traffic accident which happened at about 1：00 pm yesterday at the crossing near the Center Square of the city.A taxi knocked into a bus.The taxi driver was killed，and many pa