完形填空方法与技巧讲解

1、.,完型填空,.,Guess the missing words in the song Im a New Soul.,Brain storming,Im a New Soul Im a _ soul I came to this strange world hoping I could learn a bit about how to give and_. But since I came here felt the joy and the _ finding myself making every possible _ la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la. Im a _ sou

2、l in this very strange world hoping I could learn a bit about what is true and _. But why all this hate try to communicate finding trust and love is not always easy to make. la-la-la-la-la-la-la-la.,_,New,_,_,_,_,_,new,take,fear,mistake,young,fake,.,Cloze test Methods & Skills,.,命题特点,1完形填空主要是在语篇语境中考

3、查 知识。 2完形填空的体裁多以 为主，偶有议论文、夹叙夹议的文章或说明文。,记叙文,词汇,.,3要求选择填空的词常为实词（如名词、动词、形容词 、副词等）着重词义辨析能力的考查；代词、冠词、介词、连词（包括从句的连接词）考得较少。,.,4.首句不设空。 5.逻辑链上挖空（原文中有线索词提示）。 6.选项设计：同一词类、同一语法形式。,.,跳过空格，通读全文， 把握大意,再读全文，反复检查,结合选项，综合考虑，初定答案,瞻前顾后，先易后难， 各个击破,完形填空的解题步骤,.,三种主要解题技巧： 词汇运用 推理判断 紧抓主旨,.,利用所学词汇，根据文章大意辨析词义，选出最佳选项，如： The p

4、resident spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without _ his notes. A. bring up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on 【思路点拨】 B。此题考查短语动词的区别，这四个短语的基本意义为：bring up“养育，提出，吐出”， refer to“论及，谈到，参考”，look for“寻找”， try on“试穿”，根据题义：“经理在商务会议上讲了一个小时没看讲稿”。应选B。,一、词汇运用,.,二、推理判断,我们可以从以下几方面进行推理判断： 1、运

5、用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,即语境 2、运用复现词语 3、运用同义词或近义词 4、运用反义词 5、运用上下义词 6、运用逻辑关系 7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识,.,充分利用文章的上下文和前后句，找到对选择有提示作用的词或句。例如： Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived _ for many years. In 1881 he returned to Scotland for a holiday. A. alone B. next door C. at home D. abroad,1、运用“前置信息”与“后置信息”,.,2、利用复现词语,有时为了表达的需求，在上

6、下文中有同一概念出现，可以借助这一信息选择正确答案。 All of a sudden I started to feel rather _1_. She wondered why I was looking for this sort of_2_ . I felt even more hopeless when she told me that it would be difficult to get a job without experience. 1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased 2. A. place B.

7、job C. advice D. help,.,在英语中有时为了避免重复，常用意思相同或相近的词或解释性的语言来连接上下文。 I remember as a child I said something _ about somebody, and my father said, “Any time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, its a reflection of you.” A. unkind B. unnecessary C. unimportant D. unusual 【思路点拨】 A。近义词复现，从后暗示unpl

8、easant得知答案。,3、利用同义词或近义词,.,语意的连贯有时通过对比的结构采用反义复现的手段，或者是以反义的方式对前文加以解释。应注意分析这类概念复现，从反义的角度判断正确的选项。 Some parts of the water are very shallow(浅的). But in some places it is very . A. high B. deep C. cold D. dangerous,4、利用反义词,.,5、利用上下义词 上义词是总称词，下义词是被包含的个体。它们是包含与被包含的关系。如：food是bread, noodle, milk, rice的上义词，反之b

9、read, noodle, milk, rice是food的下义词。,.,1. He taught her how to rely on her other _, specifically her hearing（NMET 2010 湖北卷） A. feeling B. organs C. skills D. senses 2. Idropped all the coins into “It proved to be a waste of _,” I thought A. words B. effort C. space D. money,.,如表示结构层次的firstly, secondly

10、, finally等； 如表示并列关系的and, or, besides, as well (as)等； 表示因果关系的thus, therefore, so等， 表示改变话题的by the way； 表示递进关系的besides, whats more, further 等， 表示转折关系的however, but, while, on the other hand等 等。 做题时如果能充分利用这些过渡词汇，就可以迅速理清文章脉络，弄清上下文的关系。,6、利用逻辑关系,.,【小试闯关】 1. We arrived in Spain for the first time a few weeks

11、 ago. I decided to buy a car because we had sold the one we had in England before_home. A. leaving B. making C. returning D. getting 【思路点拨】此题考查行文逻辑中的因果关系、时间先后顺序。从第一句的arrived可知题2选A（leaving）。 2. She was small in figure but strong in _. A. brain B. wish C. will D. health,根据连词确定选项。,.,7、运用生活常识及文化背景知识了解生活

12、常识，确定相关知识,1.It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their_. This was the beginning of another ordinary day in New York City.A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices,.,2. (Immediately)the officers jumped into their cars and rushed to the_

13、 hospital. A. animal B. biggest C. plant D. nearest,.,三、紧抓主旨,作者往往通过首句或首段揭示文章的主旨大意，体现文章的题材、体裁。在做完形填空时，我们要理清文章思路，把握作者的态度或思想情感，这对做好一篇完形有着非常重要的作用，否则可能导致几个空格的连续选填失误。,.,Bedtime stories are one of the delights of early childhood. According to Dr. Julie Spreadbury from Queensland University, Parents should

14、not _1_ reading to their children after they enter primary school. A. speed up B. keep up C. give up D. hold up,.,解题误区 做完形填空时，除了依据所学语言知识和解题技巧外，还应避免几个误区。 1、单纯求快，忽略语篇理解，只看局部的词义辨析、搭配和语法结构，试图用语言知识解决所有问题。 2、时间安排不当，做完形填空的时间应控制在15分钟左右。正确的做法是由易到难。,.,Task: Use the methods you have learned to analyse your hom

15、ework.,.,It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. The 1 has been on the belief that in regular classes these children are held back in their intellectual (智力的) growth by 2 situation that are designed for the 3 children. There can be little doubt that 4 cl

16、asses can help the gifted children to graduate earlier and take their place in life sooner. However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems. 1. A. principle B. theory C. arguments D. classification 2. A. designing B. grouping C. learning D. living 3. A. smart B. curio

17、us C. mature D. average 4. A. regular B. special C. small D. creative 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs,Practice makes perfect ! NMET 2011 Guangdong Cloze Test,argued,children,classes,intellectual,_,children,_,_,_,these,However,gifted,同词（同源词）暗示,同一话题暗示,同一话题（场景）暗示,反义暗示,反义暗示,因果暗示,_ _,_

18、,.,However, to take these 5 out of the regular classes may create serious problems. I observed a number of 6 children who were taken out of a special class and placed in a 7 class. In the special class, they showed little ability to use their own judgment, relying 8 on their teachers directions. In

19、the regular class, having no worry about keeping up, they began to reflect 9 on many problems, some of which were not on the school program. 5. A. children B. programs C. graduates D. designs 6. A. intelligent B. competent C. ordinary D. independent 7. A. separate B. regular C. new D. boring 8. A. s

20、pecially B. slightly C. wrongly D. heavily 9. A. directly B. cleverly C. voluntarily D. quickly,_,_,_,反义暗示,与 gifted 近义暗示,gifted children,_,因果暗示,反义暗示,因果暗示,.,Many are concerned that gifted children become 10 and lose interest in learning. However this 11 is more often from parents and teachers than from students, and some of these 12 simply conclude that special classes should be set up for those who are 13 . Some top students do feel bored in class, but