定语从句习题

1、1定语从句. 定语从句的基本知识1. 用一个句子修饰一个名词，被修饰的名词叫“先行词”，这个句子叫“定语从句”， 定语从句也叫形容词性从句，因为形容词的基本功能是作定语修饰名词。定语从句必须有引导词，引导词叫“关系词”。关系词必须在从句中作成份，叫作关系词具有句法功能；关系词在从句当中作宾语（宾语包含及物动词的宾语和介词的宾语）的时候可以且经常省略，但是省略不等于没有。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在从句当中作主语、宾语 、表语及定语；关系副词在从句当中作状语。先行词和关系词之间有逗号的是“非限制性定语从句”，没有逗号的是“限制性定语从句”。关系副词有：when, where, why

2、。关系代词有：who, that, which, who 的宾格形式为whom, 所有格宾格形式为whose。2. 如果先行词是人，关系词要么用 who（ 宾格形式为whom）, 要么用that；如果先行词不是人，关系词要么用that, 要么用which。who, that, which 都是关系代词。3.关系代词 which 和that 都可以担当介词的宾语，但是which 可以且经常和介词连用，that 不能和介词连用；prep + which 引导的定语从句，prep + which 相当于一个关系副词，在从句当中作状语。prep + which引导的定语从句从表面看考的是定语从句，其实

3、质考的是介词的搭配，介词要么和先行词配，要么和从句中的某一个词配。4. that 不能引导非限制性定语从句，which 可以且经常引导非限制性定语从句，which 引导非限制性定语从句的时候，不管which 在从句当中作何成份，which 都不能省略；which 引导的非限制性定语从句有时候可以用整个句子作为先行词。5.关系词当中只有一个关系代词 whose 在从句当中作定语修饰名词，先行词可以是人，也可以不是人。6. 关系副词 when 在从句当中作状语表时间， 关系副词 where 在从句当中作状语表地点, 关系副词 why 在从句当中作状语表原因。7.（1） 如果先行词为不定代词，或者先

4、行词受到形容词最高级 或者先行词受到序数词的修饰的时候，关系词只能用 that,不能用 which。（2）如果先行词前面有the only, the very 修饰时，关系词只能用 that,不能用 which。（3）如果先行词当中既有人又有物时，关系词只能that,不能用 which。8.关系代词作主语的时候必须和先行词保持一致，也就是说 先行词是单数，关系代词就是单数；先行词是复数数，关系代词就是复数；但是 one of +pl that/ which/ who 引导的定语从句，如果that/ which/ who在从句当中作主语的时候，谓语是复数；the （only ）one of +p

5、l that/ which/ who 引导的定语从句，如果that/ which/ who在从句当中作主语的时候，谓语是单数。9.those who+ 句子= those people who+ 句子注意：英语的特征是主语短，谓语长。如果主语带有定语 从句，经常把主语的定语从句后置放在谓语后面。 定语从句考试 经常考的是选择关系词，答题原则是：缺什么成分，选什么性质的关系词，但是 还要分清先行词。 what 不是关系词，不能引导定语从句，它要么引导名词性从句，要么引导感叹句。e.g.（1）The boy（whom/ who）you saw last night is my brother。注意

6、：在口语当中可以用who 代替whom，如果作介词的宾语，只能用 whom。（2）This is the house（which / that） Mr. Wang once lived in. = This is the house where Mr. Wang once lived.= This is the house in which Mr. Wang once lived.（3）He is a man who/ that means what he says.（4）The car that /which was stolen has been found.（5）Mr. Smith ,

7、who was my former teacher, retired last year.（6）The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.（7）He rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（8）Please pass me the book whose cover is green.（9）This is the very car（that）she is dreaming of.（10）All that is needed is a supply of oil.（1

8、1）Tom is the only one of the staff members who is going to be promoted.习题 （1）The class needs a monitor_. A. whom everyone has confidence on B. who everyone has confidence of C. for whom everyone has confidence D. in whom everyone has confidence 空格部分是含有关系词的定语从句，但是这个题实质考的是介词的搭配，正确答案只能是D注意： have confid

9、ence in +n 意思是：对有信心， confidence 为u lose confidence in +n 意思是：对丧失信心 show confidence in +n 意思是：对表现出信心 lack confidence in +n 意思是：对缺乏信心 be confident of + n 意思是： 相信 confident 是confidence的形容词形式（2）His sitting room is lined with all kinds of books, _ he has ever read. A. none of B. of which C. none D. none

10、of which空格部分是非限制性定语从句的关系词，A和C是错的，定语从句缺宾语，B 是错的,正确答案只能是D（3）They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days ahead of schedule, _was something we had not expected. A. that B. this C. it D. which空格部分是非限制性定语从句的关系词，正确答案只能是D注意：which 引导的非限制性定语从句,可以用整个句子作为先行词。（4）Margaret spent all the even

11、ing talking about her latest book, _ none of us had ever heard. A. that B. which C. of what D. of which空格部分是非限制性定语从句的关系词，A和C是错的，定语从句不缺主语、宾语和表语，B是错的, 正确答案只能是D注意： heard the book 不成立，heard of the book 成立 hear of / about+ n 意思是：听说（5）The investigation, _ will soon be published, was made by Professor Smit

12、h.A. at which the results B. the results on which C. of whose results D. whose results A和B是错的，因为介词没有匹配对象；C是错的，因为 of 和whose 都表所属关系；正确答案只能是D注意：whose +n = the+ n+ of which， 此处whose results= the results of which（6）Ford proposed a system _each worker would have a special job to do. A. that B. in which C.

13、 which D. at which空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句不缺主语、宾语和表语，C是错的；system 搭配介词in , 正确答案只能是B（7）The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. A. it B. that C. what D. where空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺主语, 正确答案只能是B（8）Much_ I have read has been nonsense.A. that B. which C. whichever D. whatever空格部分是限制性定语从句

14、的关系词，定语从句缺宾语, 先行词为不定代词，正确答案只能是A（9）I m going to spend the winter vacation in Shanghai, _ I have some relatives. A. because B. which C. that D. where空格部分是非限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺状语, 正确答案只能是D（10）This is the most exciting film _ I have ever seen up to now. A. that B. which C. whom D. who空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺

15、宾语, 先行词受到形容词最高级的修饰，正确答案只能是A（11）The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace. A. which B. where C. what D. in which空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺主语, 正确答案只能是A （12）The factory_ well visit next week is not far from here. A. where B. to which C. which D. in which 空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺宾语, 正确答案只能是C（13）T

16、his is the hotel _ last month. A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed C. that they stayed D. where they stayed 空格部分是含有关系词的限制性定语从句，B是错的，因为that不能和介词连用；定语从句缺状语, A和C是错的，正确答案只能是D（14）All _ is peace and progress. A. what is needed B. which is needed C. that is needed D. for our needs空格部分是含有关系词的限制性定语从句

17、, A是错的, 先行词为不定代词, B是错的, D 结构不对，正确答案只能是C（15）That is the very old woman _ house was burned down last night.A. which B. her C. of who D. whose 空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺定语, 正确答案只能是C（16）The only thing _interests me is the progress of my students.A. what B. that C. which D. it 空格部分是限制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺主语, 先行词为不

18、定代词, 正确答案只能是B（17）Pandas can be seen in Sichuan Province, _ there grows a kind of bamboo _ pandas live. A. which which B. in whichthat C. wherethat D. where on which第一空是非限制性定语从句的关系词，非限制性定语从句缺状语，A是错的 第二空是限制性定语从句的关系词， 限制性定语从句缺状语，B和C是错的；正确答案只能是D （18）I often dream of Paris, but Ive never been there. Its

19、the place _. A. where Id like to visit B. that I want to visit it most C. in which Id like to visit D. I most want to visit空格部分是含有关系词的限制性定语从句, 定语从句缺宾语，正确答案只能是D注意：此题的 关键是 visit 是 vt 需要有宾语（19）Alva found a place in the cellar_ he uses as his first laboratory. A. where B. which C. what D. in which空格部分是限

20、制性定语从句的关系词，定语从句缺宾语，正确答案只能是B（21）This is one of the best books _on the subject. A. that have ever been written B. which have ever been written C. that has ever been written D. whatever have been written 空格部分是含有关系词的限制性定语从句, D是错的；先行词为one of the best books, 关系词作主语, 谓语是复数, C是错的；先行词受到the best 的修饰，B是错的；正确答案

21、只能是A（22）She is the only one among the _ writers who _ stories for children. A. womanwrites B. womenwrite C. women writes D. woman write第一空考的是：man和woman修饰名词的时候，修饰语和被修饰语在数上必须一致，e.g. a woman teacher, two women teachers凭这一点A和D是错的；第一空是定语从句的谓语, 先行词为the only one, 关系词作主语, 谓语是单数, 正确答案只能是C（23）This is the best

22、 one of automobiles that _ in working order. A. is B. are C. had D. have 空格部分是定语从句的谓语, 先行词为the best one of automobiles, 关系词作主语, 谓语是单数, B和D是错的, 定语从句是主系表结构，正确答案只能是A.别的类型的定语从句 1. that 一般是关系代词，在从句当中作主语、宾语和表语，但是在特殊的先行词后面，that 是个关系副词，在从句当中作状语。 that 用作关系代词，只有在从句中作宾语的时候才可以省略，用作关系副词可以且经常省略 。 （the）reason 但当先行

23、词，如果从句当中缺主语、宾语或者表语，定语从句用关系代词 that / which 引导；如果从句当中缺状语，定语从句用关系副词 that / why/ for which引导, 如果关系副词 that 和why 同时出现，why 正确。（1）No one here believes the reason that / which he gave for his lateness.定语从句当中的 gave 缺宾语， 用关系代词 that / which 引导（2）The reason why /（that）/ for which she was late this morning is unk

24、nown to me.定语从句当中的缺原因状语，用关系副词why /（that）/ for which 引导.注意：the reason for + n = the cause of + n ,因此是for which 表时间的名词担当先行词，如果从句当中缺主语、宾语或者表语，定语从句用关系代词that / which 引导；如果从句当中缺状语，定语从句用关系副词 that / when / prep + which引导；如果关系副词 that 和when 同时出现，when 正确。 e.g. The day when / on which /（that） she got married is

25、 a day （which /that）she will always look back on though her children have grown up and also got married.习题（1）We have not fixed the date _we shall start our holiday. A. and B. that C. when D. which 先行词是表时间的名词，从句缺状语，定语从句用关系副词that / when引导，that 和when 同时出现，when 正确，正确答案是C（2）The time has come _ we can mak

26、e extensive use of nuclear energy. A. when B. while C. as D. since（5）Thats the reason _ Ann could not do her part of the job. A. that B. of C. because D. why先行词是the reason, 从句缺状语, A和D都对，最佳是 D（6）No one here believes the reason _ he gave for his lateness. A. that B. why C. for which D. what 先行词是the re

27、ason, 从句缺宾语, 正确答案只能是A（7）The reason _ he failed the exam was _ he had not worked hard. A. whyif B. whythat C. thatwhy D. whywhat第一空是定语从句的关系词，先行词是the reason, 从句缺状语； 第二空是表语从句的引导词，the reason 作主语，表语从句只能用 that引导, 凭第二空只能是that, 正确答案只能是B 2. as 引导的定语从句，翻译成：正如，正像，as 在从句当中作主语、宾语、表语，有时作状语。此时的先行词为整个主句，从句和主句用逗号隔开，

28、可以是主句在前，从句在后，也可以从句在前，句主在后。习题（1）_is mentioned in some of his stories, the author was brought up in a small village. A. It B. What C. That D. As as 引导的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是D （2）_is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. A. Which B. What C. That

29、D. As as 引导的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是D（3）A good many proposals were raised by the delegates, _ was to be expected. A. that B. what C. so D. as as 引导的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是D（4）_ is true everywhere in the world, you can rent a room by the day, week, month, or year. A. Like B. As C. The same as D. Such as as 引导

30、的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是B（5）_ is known to all, haste makes waste.A. What B. That C. As D. Which as 引导的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是C注意：be known to sb 意思是：被/ 为 sb 所知道（6）_can be judged from her appearance, she is a simple girl with no pretension. A. What B. Which C. That D. Asas 引导的定语从句, as作主语，正确答案只能是D. The young m

31、an cheated his friend of much money, _ was really disgraceful. （2015年真题A 卷第8题） A. it B. who C. that D. which2._ is known to all, English is one of the most widely used languages in international communication. （2015年真题A 卷第33题） A. As B. Which C. That D. Who3. It is the third time that she has won the

32、 race, _surprised us all. （2014年真题第6题） A. that B. where C. which D. what4. Her sister always spends so much _ her clothes that she cant manage to live with her salary. （2014年真题第29题） A. for B. in C. at D. on5. Since five courses are provided, you are free to choose _ one that suits you best. （2014年真题

33、第33题） A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever6. There are fifty students in the class; half of_ are from the United States. （2014年样题第8题） A. them B. which C. whom D. those 7. They are always on good_ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. （2014年样题第23题） A. friendship B. relati

34、ons C. terms D. intentions8. The young man cheated his friend of much money, _ was disgraceful. （2013年真题第36题）A. it B. who C. that D. which9._is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. （2013年样题第6题） A. It B. As C. That D. What10. He is always really rude, _ is why people

35、 tend to avoid him. （2013年样题第7题） A. that B. it C. this D. which11. Mr. Smith is a painter, _ I should also like to be. （2013年样题第8题） A. that B. which C. who D. it12. I broke my relationship with John because he was always finding _with me. （2013年样题第33题） A. error B. mistake C. fault D. failure13. You

36、are allowed to have just half an hour, after_ you are supposed to submit your exam paper. （2011年真题第22题）A. what B. which C. when D. that14. No one here believes the reason _he gave for his lateness. （2010年真题第36题）A. that B. why C. for which D. what15. What he has done shows that he is not a man_.（2009

37、年真题第26题）A. whom you can believe B. that you can believeC. whom you can believe in D. what you can believe in16._is mentioned in some of his stories, the author was brought up in a small village. （2008年真题第22题） A. It B. What C. That D. As17. The class needs a monitor_.（2008年真题第36题） A. whom everyone ha

38、s confidence on B. who everyone has confidence ofC. for whom everyone has confidence D. in whom everyone has confidence18. His boss is constantly finding _with him, which makes him very angry. （2006年真题第1题） A. fault B. error C. shortcoming D. flaw19._is so often pointed out, knowledge is a two-edged

39、weapon which can be used equally for good or evil. （2006年真题第8题） A. Which B. What C. That D. As20. His sitting room is lined with all kinds of books, _ he has ever read. （2006年真题第32题） A. none of B. of which C. none D. none of which21. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan ten days

40、 ahead of schedule, _was something we had not expected. （2006年样题第11题） A. that B. this C. it D. which22. They always keep on good _ with their next-door neighbors for the childrens sake. （2005年真题第7题） A. friendship B. terms C. relations D. relatives23. Margaret spent all the evening talking about her

41、latest book, _ none of us had ever heard. （2005年真题第16题） A. that B. which C. of what D. of which24. The investigation, _ will soon be published, was made by Professor Smith. （2005年真题第34题） A. at which the results B. the results on whichC. of whose results D. whose results25. Ford proposed a system _ea

42、ch worker would have a special job to do.（2003年真题第1题）A. that B. in which C. which D. at which26. The picture _ has a house and flowers is the one I like best. （2002年真题第31题） A. it B. that C. what D. where27. This is the book _ I was telling you just now. （2002年真题第32题） A. about that B. in that C. in w

43、hich D. about which28. Much_ I have read has been nonsense. （2002年样题第24题）A. that B. which C. whichever D. whatever29. The goals _he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A. after which B. with which C. for which D. at which30. Ted worked like a horse in his youth, _contributed to

44、 his great success later as a businessman.A. that B. who C. what D. which31. He will never forget the days _ he spent in Japan. A. when B. after C. that D. how32. _is generally accepted, economic growth is determined by the smooth development of production. A. What B. It C. As D. That 33._can be judged from her appearance, she is a simple girl with no pretension.A. What B. Which C. That D. As34. This is the same knife _ I lost yesterday.A. which B. what C. like D. as35. The house_ I grew up has been taken down and replaced by an office building.A. in it B. in what C