英文翻译_基于单片机的电子密码锁

1、本科毕业设计本科毕业设计 （外文翻译）（外文翻译） 题 目 基于单片机的电子密码 锁的设计与制作 姓 名 杜 祥 专 业 电子科学与技术 学 号 指导教师 李大海 郑州科技学院电气工程学院郑州科技学院电气工程学院 二二一四年五月一四年五月 THE DESIGN OF MATRIX KEYBOARD AND LCD DISPLAY BASED ON MCU Abstract The development of microelectronics technology and industrial measure requirement bring a good opportunity for d

2、evelopment and research system，which makes it a broad prospects. The equipment has the advantages of small size, single power supply and a variety of output voltage leads it has a special module. Through the analysis of the hardware structure, we can summarizes each module needs.For example,we often

3、 go through the keys to realize the control of the electronic device. Small to watch mobile phone, to the TV computer, to a variety of complex instruments, all need to realize various operations through the buttons. This design is an important part of step for the further research，using buttons to c

4、ontrol the display，include some modules like LCD 1602 liquid crystal display，4*4 matrix keyboard，STC89C52single-chip microcomputer and other chips.Combine with the Proteus software，the simulation results are displayed on the LCD in 1602 type of data. KEY WORDS: Single-chip; LCD 1602 liquid crystal d

5、isplay; 4*4 Matrix keyboard 1 Introduction With the development of economy and the progress of science and technology, Microprocessors and peripheral chips have developed rapidly. The newest development of the integrated technology is the CPU chip and external. Like the program memory, data memory,

6、parallel, serial, I/O timing / counter, interrupt controller and other control components are integrated in a chipsingle chip. SCM has a manufacturing process CMOS, The smaller lithography process improves integration which make the chip space smaller, lower cost, lower working voltage, lower power

7、consumption. Adopts double CPU structure, increasing the width of data bus, improve the speed and the ability of data processing, a pipeline structure, improve the processing and computing speed, in order to meet the needs of real-time control and processing. To increase the storage capacity, the in

8、ternal EPROM EPPROM, secure program, to improve the driving capability of parallel port, in order to reduce the peripheral driving chip, increase the logic function and control the external I/O port flexibility. Peripheral in serial mode based expansion; peripheral circuit internal installation is a

9、n obvious trend to connect the internet. Reliability and application level is getting higher and higher. Some high-end microcontroller and launched in recent years also contains many special function unit, Such as A/D converter, modem, communication controller, PLL, DMA, floating point unit etc.So,a

10、s we add some external expansion of the circuit and channel interface it can constitute a variety of computer applications, such as industrial control systems, data acquisition system, automatic test system, intelligent instrument, intelligent interface, function module etc. With MCU development and

11、 complete structure,SCM has become a powerful tool and will have a higher level and broader development. 2 Design of the whole structure of system This design is based on single-chip, include matrix keyboard and LCD display module. Single-chip is the first model to select the appropriate target, fun

12、ction, reliability, cost, accuracy and speed control system. According to the actual situation of the topic selection, configuration management model different mainly from the following two aspects: First, supply chain management has strong anti-interference ability; second, SCM has a higher price.

13、For information input module, keyboard selection can use economic benefits and meet the requirements of the 4*4 key matrix keyboard can realize multi function key requirements. As for the output module, using LCD 1602 liquid crystal display module, liquid crystal to achieve key information processin

14、g functions after the show. The circuit of the system is required by AT89C51 chip, clock circuit, reset circuit, driving circuit, scanning line driving circuit and LCD1602 LCD screen. 4*4 matrix keyboard access of P1.0 P1.7,LCD 1602 screen to access P0.0P0.7. 3 System hardware circuit design 3.1 Liq

15、uid crystal module The principle of liquid crystal display is the use of physical properties of liquid crystal, The display control area voltage, power is displayed, it can display graphics. Liquid crystal display with thin thickness, suitable for large scale integrated circuit directly driven, easy

16、 to realize full color display characteristics, has been widely used in many fields of portable computer, digital camera, PDA mobile communication tools etc. 1602 liquid crystal is also called the 1602 character LCD, which is a special used to display letters, numbers, symbols of the LCD module. It

17、is composed of a plurality of 5X7 or 5X11 dot matrix character components, each dot matrix character who can display a character, there is a distance between the interval of each, there are intervals between each line, played the character spacing and row spacing, and because of this it is not well

18、display graphics (with custom CGRAM, show the effect is not good). 1602 LCD refers to the display of the content for the 16X2, which can display two lines, 16 characters per line (LCD module display characters and numbers). 3.2 Matrix keyboard module 1. Key characteristics The keyboard is composed o

19、f a number of separate keys, press and release key is through the closed mechanical contact and off to achieve, because of the elastic action of mechanical contact, in the closing and the opening of the moment has a dither. Jitter must be eliminated, include software and hardware elimination. 2Scann

20、ing principle First determine whether a key is closed, and then one by one scan to further determine which button closure; (1) D0 D3 output 0, level detection line D4 to D7. If the D4 - level D7 all high, said no key was pressed. If the D4 - level D7 is not all high, said the key was pressed. (2) If

21、 no key closure, return the scanning. If there is a button closure, in column by column scanning, closed key key number to find out. The D0=0, D1 D3=1, D4 D7 level, if D4=0, said the K1 key is pressed; similarly, if the D5 D7=0, K5 respectively, K9, K13 key is down; if the D4 D7=1, said that without

22、 a key is pressed. Then the D1=0, D0, D2, D3 was 1, the scanning of the second columns, which were carried on, until the closure of the key found. 4 Software design The software design mainly consists of keyboard scanning procedures, write instruction code program of LCD module, LCD module display d

23、ata initialization code written subroutine, liquid crystal display module, liquid crystal display a character subroutine, time delay subroutine and so on. Programming for each module, software programming ended, Keil software was used for debugging, when the various parts of the program debugging is

24、 correct, according to the source sequence of calls, the parts together, compile, compile successfully downloaded to the mcu. The result is when the user presses a key, LCD display of the button is pressed after the realization of functional parameters corresponding to the. When the system power sup

25、ply, P1 port scan cycle and the key button debounce, after completion of input through the SCM processing, output in the P0 port, through the liquid crystal display program content, complete system function. 5 Conclusion With the continuous development of high and new technology, the miniaturization

26、 and the miniaturization of electronic products has been achieved. And all kinds of new technology, as a single field of the new method, the development trend of new products and symbol - intelligent significantly is one of the trends in development. The module design display microcontroller matrix

27、keyboard and LCD, make us understand to this technology innovation, through in- depth study on this technology, we can master the use in other areas, such as the design of electronic password lock, adjustment and control of indoor temperature and humidity, field access control system design etc. Tec

28、hnological progress and economic development are the main themes of the present era, the improvement of peoples living standard is bound to the requirements of electronic products increase, the design of any a small system is for a foundation, design of system innovation, the hardware, software inte

29、gration, method and technology of virtual display and soft measurement artificial intelligence, I firmly believe that our life will be more colourful. 基于单片机的矩阵键盘与液晶显示的设计基于单片机的矩阵键盘与液晶显示的设计 摘要 微电子技术的发展和工业测量的需求，给系统的开发及深入研究带来了良 好的契机，发展前景广阔。其设备体积小，单电源供电，多种电压输出的特点， 使其模块的设计有其特殊性。通过对硬件结构的分析，总结出了各功能模块的 需求。例如

30、，我们经常要通过按键来实现对电子装置的控制，小到手表手机， 中到电视电脑，大到各种复杂仪器，都需要通过按键来实现各种操作。本次设 计作为深入开展进一步的研究是一个重要环节，将以按键控制显示为主题，以 LCD 1602 液晶显示、4*4 矩阵键盘、STC89C52 单片机及其接口芯片为核心构 造一个键盘控制显示系统，并使用 Proteus 软件对所设计的电路进行仿真，仿 真结果是在 LCD 1602 液晶上显示键入的数据。 关键词：单片机；LCD 1602 液晶显示；矩阵键盘 1 简介 随着经济的进步科技的发展，微处理器及其外围芯片有了迅速的发展。集 成技术的最新进展之一是将 CPU 和外围芯片

31、，如程序存储器、数据存储器、 并行、串行、I/O 定时计数器、中断控制器及其他控制部件集成在一个芯片 之中，制成单片。单片机具有制作工艺 CMOS 化；更小的光刻工艺提高了集 成度，从而使芯片更小、成本更低、工作电压更低、功耗更低；采用双 CPU 结构，增加数据总线的宽度，提高数据处理的速度和能力；采用流水线结构， 提高处理和运算速度，以适应实时控制和处理的需要。增大存储容量，片内 EPROM 的 EPPROM 化，程序的保密化；提高并行口驱动能力，以减少外围 驱动芯片，增加外围 I/O 口的逻辑功能和控制的灵活性；以串行方式为主的 外围扩展；外围电路的内装化；和互联网连接已是一种明显的走向；

32、可靠性及 应用水平越来越高等。而近年来推出的一些高档单片机还包含有许多特殊功能 单元，如 A/D 转换器、调制解调器、通信控制器、锁相环、DMA、浮点运算 单元等。因此，只要外加一些扩展电路及必要的通道接口就可以构成各种计算 机应用系统，如工业控制系统、数据采集系统、自动测试系统、智能仪表、智 能接口、功能模块等。单片机结构的发展与完整，其应用系统会向更高层次和 更大规模发展。单片机已成为高科技领域中的有力工具。 2 系统整体结构设计 本次的毕业设计是基于单片机的矩阵键盘输入与液晶显示的设计，首先单 片机(SCM)模型选择相应的目标、功能、可靠性、成本，精度和速度控制系统。 根据这个主题的实际

33、情况，选择不同的配置管理模型主要考虑从以下两个方面： 第一，供应链管理具有较强的抗干扰能力；第二，单片机具有较高的性价比。 对于信息的输入模块，键盘的选择可采用经济实惠又满足要求的 4*4 按键式矩 阵键盘，按键丰富可实现多个功能按键需求。至于输出模块，用的是 LCD 1602 液晶显示模块，实现按键信息功能处理后的液晶显示。该系统实现要求的 电路是由 STC89C52 芯片、时钟电路、复位电路，列扫描驱动电路、行线驱动 电路和 LCD 1602 液晶屏。4*4 矩阵键盘接入 P1.0P1.7，LCD 1602 液晶屏接 入 P0.0P0.7。 3 系统的硬件电路设计 3.1 液晶显示模块 液晶显示的原理是利用液晶的物理特性，通过电压对其显示区域进行控制， 有电就有显示，这样即可以显示出图形。液晶显示器具有厚度薄、适用于大规 模集成电路直接驱动、易于实现全彩色显示的特点，目前已经被广泛应用在便 携式电脑、数字摄像机、PDA 移动通信工具等众多领域。 1602 液晶也叫 1602 字符型液晶，它是一种专门用来显示字母、数字、符 号等的点阵型液晶模块。它由若干个 5X7 或者 5X11 等点阵字符位组成，每个 点阵字符位都可以显示一个字符，每位之间有一个点距的间隔，每行之间也有 间隔，起到了字符间距和行间距的作用，正因为如此所以