英文概要写作技巧摘要

1、1、100-250 words2、the purpose, methods, results and conclusions of the paper3、Dont use abbreviations or citations in the abstract4、5、6、Section 1. (1 sentence) Overview of problem, reference to broader question being investigated. Should be short and relatively interesting/punchy（简洁有力）. Section 2. (1

2、sentence) Focused overview of what is unknown, providing context for the study and potentially including the aims or goals. Some abstracts will state the goal or hypothesis within this sentence.Section 3. (1-3 sentences). Methods you undertook to address the problem. This section should include an o

3、verview of the methods used, in enough detail （光描述重要细节也可以）to give the reader a general idea of what you did, but not in so much detail that the abstract becomes long and cumbersome. Including the sample size(s) and types of analyses used is appropriate in some cases, but it is usually inappropriate

4、to quote numerical values from statistical tests, e.g. p values. Section 4. (2-4 sentences). General results and outcomes, stating the major, significant results.Section 5. (1-2 sentences). Most important discussion point.Section 6. (1 last sentence). Broader implications（含义） and importance ofresult

5、s this should tie back in to the original question at the start of the abstract.7、Some sentence patterns for topic sentences：The purpose of the paper isThe primary goal of this research isThe intention of this paper is to surveyThe overall objective of this study isThe authors are now initiating som

6、e experimental investigation to establishThe work presented in this paper focuses on several aspects of the following8、Useful sentence patterns for supporting sentences：The method used in our study is known asThe technique we applied is referred to asThe procedure they followed can be briefly descri

7、bed asThe approach adopted extensively is calledDetailed information has been acquired by the authors using9、Useful sentence patterns for concluding：Based on the tentative analysis, it is concluded thatIn conclusion, we state thatIn summing up ,it may be stated thatThe results of the experiment indi

8、cate thatThe studies we have preformed showed thatThe pioneer studies that the authors attempted have indicated in10、method sentence：The author approaches the issue by enumerating two instancesA lack of commercially available solutions to the problem was identified and three alternative solutions we

9、re subsequently designed.11、Often Uses the Third Person12、Often Uses Passive Voice Verbs to Describe the Researchers Own Action.13、 Negative results and conclusions not included.14、Avoids abbreviation, jargon（行话、黑话）, other language shortcuts that may lead to confusion.15、Avoids meaningless expressions (Results are provided. Discussion follows. The paper discusses three issues.)16、Avoids adjectives and descriptive（描述性的） details and superlatives（最高级）( very, too, extremely) 17、Avoids illustration（例证