刘蕴红-电工学英汉双语电子教案chapter 11

1、1,Chapter 11 Power Electronic Technique,11.1 Thyristor,11.2 Controlled Rectifier Circuit,*11.3 AC Voltage Regulating Circuit,*11.4 DC Voltage Regulating Circuit,*11.5 Inverter Circuit,*11.6 Trigger Circuitof Thyristor,2,第 11 章 电力电子技术,11.1 晶闸管,11.2 可控整流电路,*11.3 交流调压电路,*11.4 直流调压电路,*11.5 逆变电路,*11.6 晶闸

2、管触发电路,3,11.1 Thyristor 晶闸管,I. Common thyristor,Symbol 符号,Basic structure,4,2. Operating principles,(1) When uG0 Whether uA 0 or uA0, thyristor will be Cut-off。 uG0 时，无论 uA 0 或 uA0，晶闸管均截止。, uA , uG ,PNP,NPN,5,(2) When uA 0, uG 0,iG iB1 T1 is on. iC1= iB2 T2 is on. iB1 = iGiC2 T1is on. (3) After thyri

3、stor is on, if uA 0, uG0, Thyristor will remain be on. 晶闸管导通后若 uA 0，uG0，管子会继续导通。,T2,T1,Thyristor is on immediately.,6,(4) Conditions from cut-off to on of thyristor 晶闸管由导通转换为截止的条件,uA0 or iAIH（holding current 维持电流） Conclusion Thyristor has the characteristic of unilateral conduction. 晶闸管具有单向导电性。,7,3.

4、 Main Parameters 主要参数,Rated forward average current IF 额定正向平均电流 IF,(2) Forward repeat peak voltage UFRM 正向重复峰值电压UFRM,(3) Reverse repeat peak voltage URRM 反向重复峰值电压URRM,(4) Gate trigger voltage UG and trigger current IG 控制极触发电压UG 和触发电流IG,8,*II. Bi-directional thyristor 双向晶闸管,*III. Gate turn-off thyris

5、tor 可关断晶闸管,When uA0, uG0 , Thyristor is on. When uA0, uG0 , Thyristor is off.,The equivalent of two inverse thyristors in parallel , which share the same control gate. 相当于两个反向晶闸管并联， 两者共用一个控制门极。,9,11.2 Controlled Rectifier Circuit 可控整流电路,Two of the four diodes in the bridge rectifier is replaced by t

6、wo thyristors. The circuit is called Full -wave controlled rectifier. 单相桥式整流电路中的两个二极管用可控 的 晶闸管替换，叫做全波可控整流桥。,1. Structure,10,2. Operating principles,During the positive half cycle of the input voltage, T2 and D1 are OFF. 输入电压的正半周期 ,T2 和 D1关断。,Gate voltage uG is applied at t =, When t， T1 and D2 are O

7、N.,11,During the negative half cycle, T1、D2 are OFF and T2、D1 are ON. 在电压的负半周期， T1和D2 关断， T2 和D1 导通。,Gate voltage uG is applied at t =+ ， So when + t2， T2 and D1 are ON.,b,a,12,3. Operation waveforms 工作波形,+ ,2,Part of the Full-wave voltage is achieved across the load RL. 负载 RL 上得到不完整 的全 波脉动电压 。,13,4

8、. Main parameters,DC voltage across the load 负载两端的直流电压,(2) DC current through the load 流过负载的直流电流,14,(3) Average current of diodes and thyristors 二极管和晶闸管平均电流,ID = IT = 0.5IO,(4) Effective value of current 电流有效值,15,(7) Maximum reverse anode voltage of diodes 二极管反向阳极电压最大值,(6) Maximum reverse anode volt

9、age of thyristors 晶闸管反向阳极电压最大值,(5) Maximum forward anode voltage of thyristors 晶闸管正向阳极电压最大值,16,Example 11.2.1 Full -wave controlled rectifier, effective value of input AC current U2 = 100 V, RL= 10. The range of the control angle is 0o 120o.Try to work out the ranges of (1) Output DC voltage, (2) Ou

10、tput DC current, (3) Average current of thyristor, (4) Effective value of current.,一单相桥式半控整流电路，交流输入电压有效值 U2 = 100 V,负载电阻 RL= 10 ，控制角的调节范围为0o 120o 。求下述数值的变化范围：(1)输出直流电压， (2)输出直流电流， (3)晶闸管平均电流，(4)晶闸管电流有效值。,17,(1) The ranges of output DC voltage 输出直流电压的变化范围,When = 0o ,当 = 0o 时，,When = 120o,当 = 120o 时，,

11、solution:,18,When = 0o ,When = 120o,(3) The ranges of average current of thyristor,When = 0o ，,When = 120o，,(2) The ranges of output DC current,19,(4) The ranges of effective value of current 晶闸管电流有效值的变化范围,When = 0o ，,When = 120o ，,A,A,20,Effective value of output current 输出电流有效值,1. Structure,*11.3

12、AC Voltage Regulating Circuit 交流调压电路,Effective value of output voltage 输出电压有效值,21,Example 11.3.1 Voltage regulating circuit, effective value of AC input voltage UI = 220 V, RL = 11 , the ranges of the control angle is 0o 90o.Try to work out the ranges of the output DC voltage and current. 交流调压电路，交流输

13、入电压有效值 UI = 220 V，负载电阻 RL = 11 ，控制角的调节范围为 0o 90o 。求输出电压和输出直流的变化范围。,solution:,When = 0o当 = 0o 时，,22,When = 90o，,So When = 0o 90o ， UO = 220 V 155.56 V， IO = 20 A 14.14 A,23,The relationship between input and output voltage 输入电压和输出电压关系,1. Structure,Duty cycle占空比,Output waveform,DC output current 直流输出电

14、流,*11.4 DC Voltage Regulating Circuit 直流调压电路,24,Example 11.4.1 DC Voltage Regulating Circuit, input voltage UI = 110 V. If the ranges of DC output voltage is adjustable from 0 V to 80 V, try to work out the ranges of the control angle. 直流调压电路，输入电压 UI = 110 V, 若要求直流输出电压 UO 在 0 80 V 范围内可调。求占空比的调节范围。,s

15、olution:,When UO = 0 V，,When UO = 0 V，,25,2. Classification：,*11.5 Inverter Circuit 逆变电路,1. Function：,DC is transformed into AC.将直流电变换为交流电。,By input power 按输入电源,Voltage type,Current type,By phase of output power 输出电源相数,Three-phase,Single-phase,By output wave form 输出波形,Rectangular wave矩形波,Sine wave正弦

16、波,26,3. Structure,GTO circuit 可关断晶闸管电路,Output voltage waveform,27,*11.6 Trigger Circuitof Thyristor 晶闸管触发电路,Also called double base diode 也称为双基极二极管,I. Unijunction transistor 单结晶体管,symbol,B2（second base 第二基极）,B1（first base 第一基极）,E（emitter 发射极）,PN结,N type silicon slice N型硅片,28,Circuit modeland volt-ampere character