人教版高中英语必修4知识点讲解;

1、人教版高中英语必修4知识点讲解必修4 unit1 women of achievement知识点讲解word：achievement 成就；功绩 project 项目；工程；规划 connection 连接；关系 organization 组织；机构 团队 shade 荫；阴凉处；遮住光线 worthwhile 值得的；值得做的(worth) observe 观察；观测；遵守（n. observation） respect 尊敬；尊重；敬意 entertainment 款待；娱乐；娱乐表演 argue 讨论；辩论；争论（argument） crowd n.人群；观众 v.挤满；使拥挤 insp

2、ire 鼓舞；激发；启示 support 支持；拥护 campaign 运动；战役；作战；参加运动 audience 观众；听众；读者 rate 比率；速度 intend 计划；打算 emergency 突发事件；紧急情况 generation 一代；一辈 kindness 仁慈；好意 modest 谦虚的；谦让的；适度的 considerate 考虑周到的（consideration） deliver递送；生（小孩儿）；接生；发展expressions：human being人类 move off 离开；启程；出发 lead a life 过着的生活 crowd in 涌上心头；涌入脑海 l

3、ook down upon/on 蔑视；瞧不起 refer to 查阅；参考；谈到 by chance 碰巧；凑巧 come across 遇见；碰见 carry on继续；坚持patterns： 1.“only+副词、介词短语或状语从句”位于句首时句子需要倒装。2.it is / was+被强调部分+that/who（m）+其他成分。3.it作形式主语。重点词汇1. achieve 【课文原句】she has achieved everything she wanted to do (p3)【名师点拨】achieve v. 意为“完成；达到”，指经过长期努力而达到某目标、地位或标准等。其名词

4、形式为achievement，意为“成就；功绩”，a sense of achievement可指“成就感”。如：he had finally achieved success.even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.2. condition【课文原句】she helped improve prison conditions and gave prisoners work and education. (p1)【名师点拨】condition 意为“环境；境况；条件”时，是可数名词，常用复数形式conditions；意为“状态；

5、状况”时，是不可数名词，be in good condition表示“处于良好的状态”，be out of condition表示“健康状况不佳”。如：we should pay more attention to the poor living under the bad conditions.the astronauts soon got used to the condition of weightlessness.my car is old but in good condition.he is overweight and out of condition.【知识拓展】conditi

6、on意为“条件”时，常用短语on condition that，表示“如果；在条件下”；在美国英语中，也经常用under the condition that。如：i will come on condition that peter is invited.they agreed under the condition that the matter be dealt with quickly.3. devote【课文原句】she devoted all her life to medical work for chinese women and children. (p1)【名师点拨】dev

7、ote vt. 意为“投入于；献身”，其宾语后常与介词to搭配，to后接名词、代词或动名词。devote to 意为“献身；致力于”，指把自己、时间、精力等奉献给某种工作或事业。如：he has devoted his whole life to benefiting mankind.the girl, to whom he was devoted, died in a traffic accident by chance. after he has retired, he will devote himself to gardening.4. behave【课文原句】jane has stu

8、died these animals for many years and helped people understand how much they behave like humans. (p2)【名师点拨】behave vi & vt. 意为“举动；举止；行为表现”，如behave well / badly等。其名词形式为behaviour，指“行为；态度；举止”。如：the parents encouraged the children to behave well in front of the guests.my camera has been behaving well sin

9、ce it was repaired.everyone praises the childrens good behaviour.5. worthwhile【课文原句】but the evening makes it all worthwhile. (p2)【名师点拨】worthwhile adj.意为“值得做的；值得出力的”，可作表语或定语。be worthwhile to do / doing sth表示“值得做”，在动词-ing形式的结构中，worthwhile有时可以用来替代worth，特别是在表示“值得花时间”这一概念时。如：i think teaching school is al

10、ways a worthwhile job.the book referred to by the professor is worthwhile / worth reading.6. observe【课文原句】jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities. (p2)【名师点拨】observe vt. 意为“观察；观测；遵守”，可用observe sb do sth，observe + that从句。其名词形式为observation。如：i observed the man who murdered

11、the boy enter the shop.he observed that we should probably have rain.most information was collected by direct observation of the animals behaviour.7. argue【课文原句】she has argued for them to be left in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements. (p2)【名师点拨】argue作动词时，意为“争论；争吵；争辩”。argue for

12、意为“为辩护”；argue with sb about / over sth指“就某事和某人争论”；argue against意为“据理反对；争辩”。如：it is no use arguing for the plan because it has been rejected.we are always arguing with each other about money. father argued fiercely against any increase in expenditure for the childrens annual party.【知识拓展】argue的名词形式为ar

13、gument，意为“争论；争端；论证”，常构成短语settle an argument指“解决争端”。9. care for【课文原句】it was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies by following some rules for keeping babies clean and healthy. (p6)【名师点拨】care for可以表示look after的意思，意为“照顾；照料”，且较正式；也可表示“喜欢”的意思。如：his son cared

14、for him when he was ill.in fact, i dont really care for basketball.另外，在上面的句子中，explain意为“解释，说明”，后可接名词、代词、从句或wh + to do作宾语，可用explain sth to sb或explain to sb sth。如：will you explain to us how we can finish the work as soon as possible?【知识拓展】care about意为“介意；在乎”，表示是否认为某事是重要的，某事是否引起了某人的兴趣或使其忧虑。最常用于疑问句或否定句中

15、。about用在宾语前面，但是在连词前面一般省掉。i dont care about your opinion.i dont care whether it rains im happy.10. intend【课文原句】i looked carefully at the text and realised that it was intended for women who lived in the countryside. (p6)【名师点拨】intend v. 意为“打算；计划；想要”。intend to do sth意为“想干某事”；intend后也可以接动词-ing形式或that从句。

16、intend for表示“原打算给某人；准备让干”。如：i intended to come to your house last night but it rained. i intend coming / to come back soon. he hadnt really intended that they should be there. this gift is intended for you.热点语法主谓一致用法难点小结：一、集合名词作主语时的主谓一致。1. 集合名词有family, team, group, party, class, public, club, crew,

17、crowd, enemy, audience, company, committee, government, population等，当被看作一个整体时，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数形式；如果这些集合名词指其中的每个成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数形式。即谓语动词的单复数要与主语的含义相一致。如：my class is a big one, including thirty boys and thirty girls.my class are working hard for the coming exam.2. 有些集合名词作主语时，谓语只能用复数形式，如：people, the po

18、lice, the military, mankind, cattle等。如：the police are searching for the lost child. 二、不定代词作主语时的主谓一致。不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, no one, nobody, nothing, each, the other等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如： everything goes well with me. each of the students in our cl

19、ass has an english-chinese dictionary.三、“名词名词”作主语时的主谓一致。 当表示同一人物或观点时，谓语动词用单数。如：a novelist and playwright is coming to our school. 这里表示“一位小说家兼剧作家”，是同一个人，所以谓语动词用单数。 如果是a novelist and a playwright作主语，这时表示“一位小说家和一位剧作家”，是两个人，所以谓语动词用复数，该句应改为：a novelist and a playwright are coming to our school.四、the adj.作

20、主语时的主谓一致。 当the adj.表示抽象的含义时，谓语动词用单数。如：the beautiful is the true.当the adj.表示该类全体的含义时，谓语动词用复数。如：the rich should help the poor.必修4 unit 2 working the land 知识点讲解unit2 working the landword：statistic 统计；数据；统计数字；统计资料 struggle 斗争；拼搏；努力 decade 十年；十年期 super 特级的；超级的 output 产量；输出 hunger 饥饿；欲望；（使）饥饿 disturbing 引

21、起烦恼的；令人不安的 expand 使变大；伸展 circulate 循环；流传 battle战役；战斗；较量 freedom 自由；自主 therefore 因此；所以；因而 equip配备；装备 export 输出；出口 nationality 国籍 regret vt .遗憾；惋惜 n.遗憾；懊悔 chemical 化学的；关于化学的 production 生产；制造 bacteria（bacterium的复数形式）细菌 nutrition 营养；滋养；食物 discovery 发现；发觉 underline 画底线标出；强调reduce 减少；减缩 focus 焦点；中心点；集中；聚焦

22、 summary 总结；摘要；概要 comment n.评论；议论 vt .& vi.表达意见；作出评论expressions：hank to幸亏，由于，因为 ridof 摆脱；除去 be satisfied with 对感到满意 would rather 宁愿；宁可 build up 逐渐增强；建立；开发 lead to 导致；造成（后果） focus on 集中（注意力，精力等）于 keepfree from /of 使免受；使不含patterns： 1.do you think 作插入语（what do you think would happen if ？） 2. would rath

23、er（than） 3.倍数表达法：倍数+as+adj.+as 4. make it possible to do 5.if so if notphrases and idioms1. be satisfied (with): pleased because you have got what you want 1) jane isnt quite satisfied with the way the barber cut her hair.2) if you are not completely satisfied, you can get your money back.3) i am no

24、t really satisfied with the job you did.2. refer to : a) mention or speak about someone or something b) to look at a hook map, piece of paper, etc, for information1)we agreed never to refer to the matter again.2)although she didnt mention any names, everyone knew who she was referring to.3)he gave t

25、he speech without referring to his notes even once.3. would rather: used to say what someone prefers 1) it seems you would rather play than work.2)she would rather die than lose the children.3)i would rather starve than be dependent on anyone again.4. thanks to sb/ sth : because of sb./ sth. 1)i was

26、 late thanks to the heavy traffic.2)it was thanks to his advice that i succeeded.3)weve collected $50,000 for the poor, thanks to the generosity of the public.5.rid of sb/sth: become free of 1)will science- finally rid us of this disease?2)do you think it possible to rid the world of nuclear weapons

27、?3)by working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness.6. lead a .life: live in the way what you life is like 1)before liberation, my grandpa led a dogs life.2)if the operation succeeds, the patient will be able to lead a normal life.3)mrs. black is retired and lead

28、s a quiet and peaceful life in a mountain village.7. care about: love; be interested in; be concerned with 1)just listening to somebody shows you care about them.2)your parents are only doing this because they care about you.3)the only thing this rich- and greedy man seems to care about is money.8.i

29、nsist on sth/doing sth: to demand that something must be done or that you must have a particular thing 1)the school insists on good behavior from its students.2)john insisted on doing all the work himself, though he was in poor health.3)the old man insisted on helping me find a taxi even though i to

30、ld him i didnt need any help.必修4 unit3 a taste of humor 知识点讲解unit3重点汇集wordhumor 幽默；滑稽 comedy 喜剧 content 满足的；满意的；（使）满足 performer 表演者；演出者 astonish 使惊诧（astonishing） fortunate 幸运的；吉利的（unfortunately不幸的） ordinary 平常的；普通的 entertain使快乐；款待 throughout prep.遍及；贯穿 adv.到处；始终；全部 homeless 无家的；无家可归的 worn 永久的；用坏的；破烂

31、的 failure 失败（者） chew 咀嚼（食物）；嚼碎 overcome 战胜；克服 convince 使信服（convincing） direct vt . & vi.导演；指标；指挥；指示 gesture 姿势；手势；做手势 particular adj.特殊的；特别的 n.细节；细目 occasion 时刻；场合 budget 预知；开支 slide （使）滑动；（使）滑行；滑；滑动；幻灯片 mess 脏或乱的状态 amuse 使发笑；使愉快（amusing） explanation解释；讲解；说明 detective 侦探 whisper 耳语；低语；小声说 react vi.做

32、出反应；回应expressions：up to now 直到现在 feel/be content with 对满足 badly off 穷的；缺少的 pick out挑出；辨别出 cut off切断；断绝 star in 担任主角；主演 worse off 贫困潦倒 in search of 寻找 as time goes by 随着时间的推移1. content【课文原句】perhaps it makes us feel more content with our life because we feel there is someone else worse off than oursel

33、ves. (p17)【名师点拨】content adj.意为“满足的；满意的”，be content to do意为“乐意去做某事”；be content with sb / sth意为“对某人或某事感到满意”，相当于be pleased with或be satisfied with。如：im content to help you to set up a website on the internet.those who are not content with the progress they have made will have greater success.注：worse off

34、是badly off的比较级，意思是“境况比更差”；better off意为“境况比好”。如：to my surprise, i found his living conditions were much worse off than mine.with the development of economy, more and more people are better off.【知识拓展】content还可作动词，意为“使满足”；作名词时，表示“满足；心满意足”，也可表示“（书、报纸等的）内容；目录；含量”。如：my explanation seemed to content him.no

35、w she began to live in peace and content.weve discussed the unusual form of the book now, what about the content?2. astonish【课文原句】however, some actors can astonish us with the deep feelings they can inspire in us for a character they are playing. (p17)【名师点拨】astonish vt意为“使大为吃惊；使惊异”，比surprise程度强，比sho

36、ck程度弱。如：i was astonished to hear that the professor had broken down because of his hard work.i was astonished by how much shed grown.【知识拓展】(1) astonishing adj意为“令人惊异的”。如：the astonishing news made the world astonished, and a great many people expressed their opinions on the internet.(2) astonished ad

37、j指(某人)处于惊异、吃惊状况，常用be astonished at sth。如：he was astonished at what tom had said and done.(3) astonishment n.意为“惊讶”，可用to ones astonishment表示“使某人吃惊的是”。如：to my astonishment, she still remembered my birthday.3. particular【课文原句】he became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and fa

38、rce. (p17)【名师点拨】particular adj.意为“专指的；特别的；格外的；不寻常的”。be particular about / over sth意为“对某事很讲究 / 很挑剔”。in particular意为“特别地”。如：there was nothing in the newspaper of particular importance.im not particular about my clothes; i dont mind what i wear.he talked about the ball games in general and talked about

39、 football in particular.what in particular did you like about the last apartment that we saw?4. worn-out【课文原句】he played a poor and homeless person, who wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat and carried a walking stick. (p18) 【名师点拨】worn-out adj. (1) 意为“磨损的；损坏的；穿破的 (用坏的以至完全无用

40、的)”。如：since your shoes are worn-out, why not buy another pair? (2) 意为“筋疲力尽的；耗尽的”，相当于be tired out。如： he was worn-out after the long journey.5. failure & overcome【课文原句】this character was a social failure but he was loved by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and

41、 being kind even when people wereunkind to him(p18) 【名师点拨】(1) failure意为“失败”时，是不可数名词；意为“失败者；失败的事”时，是可数名词。如：as we all know, failure is the mother of success. at last, he was a great success, while she was a failure.to our disappointment, the party turned out to be a failure.(2) overcome v.意为“控制(感情)；克服

42、(困难)；征服；战胜”，可用于to overcome difficulties / obstacles / problems / resistance等。如：he made great efforts to overcome the difficulty.they succeeded to overcome the tallest mountain in the world.【知识拓展】fail还可作动词，意为“失败；不及格；无法做到”，可用fail to do sth或者fail in doing sth。如：i failed to persuade him to give up smoki

43、ng.= i failed in persuading him to give up smoking.6. in search of 【课文原句】the film is set in california in the middle of the nineteenth century when gold was discovered and thousands of people rushed there in search of it. (p18)【名师点拨】in search of意为“寻找”。类似的词组有：in theaones search forof，make a search fo

44、rof，在这三个短语中search是名词。如：today, many countryside people have rush to the city in search of good jobs.the researchers are in their search for the animals which they want to experiment with.注意：in search of 中of不可换用for。【知识拓展】search还可以是作动词，意为“搜寻”，search 的宾语是寻找的东西所在的处所，即search someplace for sth，意为“搜查某地找”。如：

45、they searched the building for the robber.he searched his pockets for some change.而search sb for sth意为“搜某人身以找到某物”。如：he searched the boy for the lost pen.search afterfor = look for = hunt for意为“到处寻找”。如：people who are searching after inner peace sometimes turn to religion.7. pick up【课文原句】they wash san

46、d from the river in a pan of water, and expect to pick up gold, but they have been not fortunate enough to find any. (p18) 【名师点拨】pick up意为“拾起；拿起”。如：he picked up his hat and went out. pick up还有其他意思：(1) 在中途搭载承载(乘客、货物等)。如：the bus stopped to pick up passengers (2) (偶然地)发现，得到，购买；学得，得到(知识、利益)。如：i picked u

47、p the book in a lonely placeshe picked up french very quickly in france. when you live in a country, you soon pick up the language.(3) 恢复，使恢复。如：i believe he will pick up by the seaside. (4) 接收，收听(广播)。如：it is easy to pick up the programme clearly through my radio. 【知识拓展】pick out意为“选好；选出；认出；看清楚”。如：hav

48、e you picked out the movie you want to see?can you pick out your brother out from that group of people?8. cut off【课文原句then he cuts off the leather top of the shoe, treating it as if it were the finest meat(p18)【名师点拨】cut off意为“切下来；剪下来”。如：he cut off piece of cloth and wrapped the wound.cut off还可译为“切断；

49、停掉；使电话中断”。如：theyve cut off the water temporarily because they are repairing one of the main pipes.it was dangerous that our food and water supply were cut off at that time.we were cut off in the middle of our telephone conversation.because i failed to pay the telephone bill, the telephone operator c

50、ut us off.必修4 unit4 body language 知识点讲解unit 4 重点汇集words：statement n.陈述；说明 greet 迎接；问候 represent 代表；象征 association 社团；联系；联想 curious 好奇的（curiously）approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近 n.接近；方法；途径 defend vt .保护；保卫（defense） major 主要的 dash猛冲；突进 misunderstand 误解；误会（misunderstanding） spoken 口语的（unspoken） likely 可能的 f

51、unction n.作用；功能；职能 vt .起作用；运转ease 安逸；舒适 facial 面部的 truly 真实地；真诚地；真正地 false 错误的；假的 anger 怒气；怒火 yawn打呵欠 hug 拥抱 rank 等级；军衔 subjective 主观的 expressions：defend against 保卫以免受 be likely to 很可能；有希望 in general 总的来说；通常 at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在 lose face 丢脸 turn ones back to 背对；背弃patterns： 1.notnor既不又不 2.be to do 结构

52、3.with短语作状语 4.not all 半否定1. major, local & represent【课文原句】they will be meeting at a major hotel with local business people and people who represent the chinese government. (p25)【名师点拨】(1) major adj. 表示“主要的；较大的；重要的”，句中a major hotel 意思是“大酒店”；major经常用作名词，意为“主修课程；专业课”；可作动词，主要用于major in，意为“主修”。如：many peop

53、le wish to live in a major city. she decided to take computer as her major.my friend majored in economics at tsinghua university.(2) local adj. 表示“地方的；当地的”。含有local的常用词组：local customs意为“地方风俗”；local news意为“本地新闻”；the local tv station意为“地方电视台”；the local court意为“地方法院”；the local government意为“地方政府”。如: my sister studies at a local university. (3