话题旅游与交通高考英语真题深度解析含答案

1、话题 旅游与交通 【话题解读】 旅游交通是高中新课程标准24话题之一，该话题包括国内外旅游、交通规则、指路与问路、咨询与预订食宿、行程描述等方面。这些话题与学生的日常生活关系密切。高考英语通过这些话题让学生了解旅游的相关知识，培养学生热爱生活的健康情操。旅游与交通这个话题常与阅读理解、完形填空、七选五、语法填空等相结合进行考查，分值所占比重较高。例如2018年新课标全国I卷阅读理解A篇；2018年新课标全国卷III阅读理解A篇；2017年北京卷书面表达，2017年浙江卷短文改错，2016年全国卷阅读理解D篇；2016全国卷语法填空；2015年新课标卷I语法填空，2015年新课标卷II阅读理解D

2、篇，2015年江苏卷阅读理解A篇，2014年新课标全国卷完形填空；2014年江西卷阅读理解B篇，2014年安徽卷完形填空；2010四川卷完形填空等。话题Travel to the top 5 beautiful places in the world去世界上最美的5个地方旅行I dont know about you, but Im always dreaming about my next trip and Im often scouring the web for exciting new vacation destinations. Its a great educational and

3、 cultural experience for people and it helps people learn more about the world and think outside of the box.我不知道你对旅行的态度和看法，我却总是对我的下一次旅行充满梦想，我经常在网上搜激动人心的新度假胜地。对于大家而言，旅行是一种很好的教育和文化体验，旅行有助于人们更多地了解世界，跳出思维定势。When youre planning your next trip, consider one of these 10 most beautiful travel spots. You mig

4、ht want to add them to your bucket list!当你计划你的下一次旅行时，考虑从这十大最美丽的旅游景点中选一个景点去旅行一次。你或许想要将它们添加到你的旅行目的地清单中！1. Maldives马尔代夫Famous for being the ultimate luxury honeymoon getaway, the Maldives is made up of 1,192 islands (200 of which are inhabited) located in the Indian Ocean. It is the smallest Asian coun

5、try and also the flattest country in the world. Known for its crystal-clear water and colorful and varied marine life, the Maldives is definitely a beautiful escape.马尔代夫是著名的绝佳新婚蜜月旅游胜地，位于印度洋，由1192个岛屿组成(其中200个岛屿有人居住)。它是亚洲最小的国家，也是世界上最低洼的国家。马尔代夫以其清澈的水域和各种各样的海洋生物而著名，绝对是一个美丽的旅游胜地。2. African Safari狂野非洲If y

6、ou had to pick just one travel adventure, youll be hard-pressed to find a something more exciting than the wildebeest migration. Stay in a tent, lodge, or hotel in Kenya or another African country along the migration route and watch the large herd cross the plain or battle hungry crocodiles during a

7、 river crossing.如果让你选一个旅游冒险胜地，你很难找到比角马大迁移更刺激的胜地。待在帐篷里、住在旅店里、肯尼亚的宾馆里或迁徙沿线非洲其他国家的宾馆里，观看超大阵容的角马群穿越平原、或在过河时与饥饿的鳄鱼激战的场面。3. Northern Lights北极光The northern lights or aurora borealis is a beautiful phenomenon named after the Roman goddess of dawn, Aurora. There are a number of countries where you can view t

8、hese iridescent lights, and they include Alaska, Denmark, Greenland, Finland, and north of Canada.北极光是一种美丽的自然现象，以罗马曙光女神奥罗拉的名字命名。有许多国家包括阿拉斯加、丹麦、格陵兰、芬兰和加拿大北部都能观看到这种光亮的闪光。4. Iguazu Falls, South America南美洲伊瓜苏瀑布The Iguazu Falls, which runs from Brazil to Argentina, is known to be the most beautiful water

9、fall in the world. In fact, it is said that the United States first lady Eleanor Roosevelt said, Poor Niagara! when she first saw the Iguazu Falls. 伊瓜苏瀑布从巴西延伸到阿根廷，被认为是世界上最美丽的瀑布。事实上，前美国第一夫人埃莉诺罗斯福在第一次见到伊瓜苏瀑布时说，尼亚加拉瀑布根本无可匹敌！5. Grand Canyon, USA美国大峡谷One of the seven natural wonders of the world, the Gra

10、nd Canyon is a geological landscape thats renowned for its natural beauty. Its most well known for its reddish formations. 美国大峡谷是世界七大自然奇观之一，美国大峡谷是一个以地质景观闻名的自然美景。它的红色地层最为出名。为什么列车的座椅会如此丑陋不堪?No matter how many subway lines, buses, trams, trains, and other public conveyances we ride, we are rarely left

11、with a positive impression of the upholstery. How does this happen?无论我们坐多少次地铁、公交车、电车、火车和其它公共运输工具，我们很少会对垫衬套留下一个好的印象。这是为什么呢？Excuse 1: The design constraints.理由之一：设计限制。We ask a lot of transport fabric. It has to be durable, since each seat will cradle hundreds of backsides a day. It has to last for yea

12、rs, be easy to clean, and it has to be able to resist or disguise stains both accidental and vandalistic. It must also seem clean, even when its not. Perhaps most important, it has to be safe: Fire, smoke, and smolder can be deadly, particularly dozens of feet underground in a poorly ventilated tunn

13、el.我们需要大量用于交通的布料。它必须得耐用，因为每一个座位一天之内会有很多人去坐。它必须得能够用上很多年，易于打扫，并且必须得能够抵抗或者是掩盖无意或有意留下的污点。它还必须得看起来干净，即使是并非如此。也许最为重要的是，它必须得安全：火、烟和闷烧是致命性的，尤其是在地下几英尺、通风条件较差的隧道里。Excuse 2: The design process.理由之二：设计流程。A design for a new railway coach is a tremendous get for a design firm like Wallace Sewell, but an updated T

14、ube coach isnt the central assignment for a transport textile designer. Instead, most designers are working on branding for private coach companies or on small municipal lines. There, design as a civic good may not be the highest priority.对于像华莱士休厄尔这样的设计公司来说，设计一种新的铁路客车可以带来巨大收益，但是更新地铁并非交通纺织品设计师的核心任务。反

15、而，大多数设计者在为民营长途公交公司或小型市政客运线的品牌推广工作。在这里，利于公民的设计可能就不是优先考虑的事情了。Excuse 3: Fashion is fickle.理由之三：时尚是变化无常的。Its a trend industry now, says Newton. Transport fabrics follow fashion just like any other designed commodity, with big name artists and textile designers fighting to create the next classic moquett

16、e. But when fashion trends are less understated, so too is the design of your subway seat back.牛顿表示，现在这是一个时尚产业。跟任何其它设计的产品一样，运输纺织品也会紧随潮流，大名鼎鼎的艺术家和纺织品设计师努力去创造下一个经典的针织地毯。但是，当流行趋势惹人注目时，地铁的座椅靠背的设计也会紧随潮流。学科*网I wouldnt say its a bike for lazy people, which a lot of people think, when they think electric cy

17、cles.真题话题下的阅读理解Passage1（2018年新课标I卷）题型体裁话题难度建议时间阅读理解应用文 骑自行车到Washington, D.C.旅游的四种路线5分钟Washington, D.C. Bicycle ToursCherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.Duration: 3 hoursThis small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.

18、C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability and the cherry blossoms disappear!Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (4 miles)Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popul

19、ar monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration: 3 hoursMorning or Afternoon, this bi

20、ke tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route

21、 (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing.Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle TourDuration: 3 hours (7 miles)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill

22、 and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights.21. Which tour do you need to book in advance?A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in

23、Washington, D.C.B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?A. Meet famous people.B. Go to a national park.C. Visit well-known museums.D. Enjoy interesti

24、ng stories.23. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide?A. City maps.B. Cameras.C. Meals.D. Safety lights.【文章大意】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了骑自行车到Washington, D.C.旅游的四种路线的相关行程及注意事项。22.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C.中的Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the

25、most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。Passage2（2017年新课标卷I）题型体裁话题难度建议时间七选五记叙文我爱上露营6分钟根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed h

26、eartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a

27、long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38

28、Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There

29、is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.A. Thistimetherewasnotent.B. Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C

30、. Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D. Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E. ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 【语篇解读】三年前，作者对露营一无所知，也不认为自己会喜欢露营。然而后来有过几

31、次露营的经历，作者和他的家人开始爱上了露营，甚至为露营购买了设备齐全的房车。作者认为露营是回归大自然的一个方式，也建议读者找到适合自己的回归自然的方式。37. C 【解析】根据后文We slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营的条件很艰苦，C选项The trip they took me on was a rough one.中的rough暗示了这一点，符合语境。故选C。38. A 【解析】根据前文W

32、e slept in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom可知作者第一次露营时住帐篷，露天生火做饭，走很远的距离去洗澡、上厕所，条件很艰苦，而后文中Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. 说明作者第二次露营有床有空调。A选项This time there was no tent这次没有帐篷了暗示作者进行了第二次露营，而

33、且条件比较好，符合语境。故选A。39. F 【解析】根据后文we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains.可知作者一家为了露营买了房车，里面设备齐全，说明作者一家人是喜欢露营的。F选项After the trip, my fa

34、mily became quite interested in camping(那次露营之后，我的家人开始对露营感兴趣)符合语境，故选F。40. E 【解析】根据后文It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.可知作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据前文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。E选项I must say that I have certainly come to

35、 enjoy camping.(我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营)既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了后文。故选E。学科*网话题下的完形填空（2016北京卷）题型体裁话题难度建议时间完形填空记叙文爱心接力送药16分钟阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。A Race Against DeathIt was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.On the

36、 20th of that month, Dr. Welch 36 a sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious(传染的) disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr. Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest su

37、pply was over 1,000 miles away, in Anchorage.How could the medicine get to Nome? The towns 39 was already full of ice, so it couldnt come by ship. Cars and horses couldnt travel on the 40 roads. Jet airplanes and big trucks didnt exist yet. 41 January 26, Billy and three other children had died. Twe

38、nty more were 42 . Nomes town officials came up with a(n) 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogsled(狗拉雪橇) drivers known as mushers would 45 it to Nome in a relay(接力).The race began on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medicine from

39、the train at Nenana and rode all night. 46 he handed the medicine to the next musher, Shannons face was black from the extreme cold.On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound. It was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, w

40、hich could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below. He would 49 , and so would the sick children of Nome. But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1. A musher named Kaasen had to brave this storm. At one point, huge piles

41、of snow blocked his 50 . He had to leave the trail (雪橇痕迹) to get around them. Conditions were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail again. The only hope was Balto, Kaasens lead dog. Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. I

42、f Balto failed, it would mean disaster for Nome. The minutes passed by. Suddenly, Balto began to 53 . He had found the trail. At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes, Dr. Welch had the medicine. He quickly gave it to the sick children. All of them recovered. Nome had

43、been 55 .36. A. examinedB. warnedC. interviewedD. cured37. A. harmless B. helpless C. fearless D. careless38. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. Otherwise D. However39. A. airport B. station C. harbor D. border40. A. narrow B. snowy C. busy D. dirty41. A. From B. On C. By D. After42. A. tired B. upset C. p

44、ale D. sick43. A. plan B. excuse C. message D. topic44. A. air B. rail C. sea D. road45. A. carry B. return C. mail D. give46. A. Though B. Since C. When D. If47. A. enter B. move C. visit D. cross48. A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish49. A. escape B. bleed C. swim D. die50. A. memory B.

45、exit C. way D. destination51. A. find B. fix C. pass D. change52. A. pretending B. trying C. asking D. learning53. A. run B. leave C. bite D. play54. A. gathered B. stayed C. camped D. arrived55. A. controlled B. saved C. founded D. developed【文章大意】文章讲述了一个人们接力运送药物来救患病儿童的感人故事。1925年1 月份的阿拉斯加北部极其寒冷，由于大雪

46、，诺姆小镇与外界隔绝了。雪上加霜的是，那里的孩子患上了一种致命的传染病白喉。为了拯救孩子们，人们接力运送药品到诺姆。最终，人们通过狗拉的雪橇把药物送到了诺姆。38. D A.Moreover而且；B.Therefore因此；C.Otherwise否则；D.However然而。然而，最近的药品供应站距离诺姆一千多公里，前后是转折关系，故选D。39. C A.airport机场； B.station车站；C. harbor 港口；D.border边境。根据so it couldnt come by ship可知，这里指港口结冰，故选C。40. B A.narrow狭窄的；B. snowy被雪覆盖的

47、；C.busy繁忙的；D.dirty脏的。根据第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，汽车和马都不能通行，故选B。43. A A. plan计划；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. topic话题。当地的官员想到了一个计划，故选A。44. B A. air空气；B. rail栏杆，铁轨；C. sea海洋；D. road道路。根据下一段中的from the train at Nenana可知，药物被用火车运到Nenana，故选B。45. A A. carry运送，携带；B. return返回，归还；C. mail邮寄；D. give给。然后再由乘坐狗拉的雪橇的人把药物接力送到诺姆，故选A

48、。46. C A. Though虽然；B. Since因为，自从；C. When当；D. If如果。当他把药物交给下一个人时，他的脸已经被冻得乌青，故选C。47. D A. enter进入；B. move移动；C. visit拜访；D. cross穿过。根据Norton Sound was covered with ice可知，Norton Sound是一片冰冻的水域，Seppala必须穿过这片水域，故选D。48. C A. shameful惭愧的；B. boring令人厌烦的；C. dangerous危险的；D. foolish愚蠢的。根据which could sometimes brea

49、k up without warning可知，这是旅途中最难的一部分，故选C。49. D A. escape逃跑；B. bleed流血；C. swim游泳；D. die死亡。如果掉进寒冷的水中，Seppala会被冻死，诺姆的病童们也会死，故选D。50. C A. memory记忆；B. exit出口；C. way道路；D. destination目的地。根据下一句可知，有的地方被大雪挡住了去路，Seppala不得不绕道行驶，故选C。51. A A. find找到；B. fix固定，安装；C. pass通过；D. change改变。当时的天气状况极差，Seppala找到雪橇轨道是不可能的，只能靠

50、他的狗，故选A。52. B A. pretending假装；B. trying努力；C. asking问，要求；D. learning学会。Seppala的狗努力嗅着其它狗的气味，故选B。55. B A. controlled控制；B. saved拯救；C. founded建立；D. developed发展。所有的孩子都得到了救治，诺姆活了下来，故选B。学科*网话题下的书面表达Writing 1（2017浙江卷）题型体裁话题难度建议时间书面表达应用文 邀请英国朋友郊游20分钟假定你是李华，计划组织一次郊游，请给你的英国朋友Chris写封邮件邀请他参加。内容包括：1. 参加者；2. 时间、地点；

51、3. 活动：登山、野餐等。注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。_【思路分析】本试题是一篇半开放的作文，写作文体是电子邮件，写一封邀请信给Chris。要点提示中只列出了大概内容，包括3点(参加者，时间、地点和活动)，具体细节需要考生自己发挥。邀请信一般分为以下几部分：首先，要列出写信的目的，并发出诚挚邀请；其次，要就邀请的具体内容给予明确的说明，什么时间，什么地点，做什么事情等；最后，要再次表示邀请，希望对方参加。【一句多译】My intention to write this letter is to tell you an outgoing that we wil

52、l make these days.Our destination is Siming Mountain, where we will have a climb together with the local people we will hold a picnic party.【满分范文】Dear Chris,How are you now? The purpose of my writing is to tell you that there will be an outgoing for us these days. I would be honored to have you ther

53、e with us, enjoying the colorful days.The occasion will start on the next Sunday morning. We will go to Siming Mountain, where we can have a climb. Whats more, we can also hold a picnic party with the local people.I really hope you can make it. And I do look forward to receiving your reply letter as

54、 soon as possible.话题下的语法填空（2017年新课标II卷）题型体裁话题难度建议时间语法填空说明文地铁最初发展史 10分钟阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible _61_(crowd) on the roads above as they tra

55、velled to and _62_ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, _63_(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over_64_ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines _65 _(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been_66_(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved