深圳英语八年级下unit-1知识点及练习

Unit 1 Helping those in need 知识点和语法1. 必记单词（1）raise V. rise （2）permission n. （3）disabled adj. 在英语中，形容词的否定前缀有：“un-, in-, im-, ir-, dis-”等 大多数形容词加un- 构成反义词 able-unable friendly-unfriendly 以c或e开头的形容词通常加前缀in-构成反义词 correct-incorrect expensive-inexpensive 以p开头的形容词通常加前缀im-构成反义词 possible-impossible polite-impolite 以r开头的形容词通常加前缀ir-构成反义词 regular-irregular 有些形容词加前缀dis-构成反义词 like-dislike honest-dishonest（4）offer v.（5）serious adj. 严重的（6）organize v. _ n.（7）lonely adj. 孤独的，寂寞党 alone adj. / adv. 单独的，独自（8）difficulty n. 困难，费劲 _adj. （9）hurt v.使受伤，疼痛 adj. 受伤的（10）pay v. 付费2. 常考短语in need 需要帮助的 voluntary work 义务性工作ask permission 报请批准 without permission 没有允许offer to do sth 主动提出做某事 offer sb. sth=offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物raise ones spirits 使振奋，使鼓起勇气 in order to 目的在于，为了so that 为的是，以便 make friends with 与交朋友look after 照顾 because of 因为3. 经典句型Could you give me a hand, Lo?They have difficulty walking or moving.Would you like to take part in the competition?语法：动词不定式： to+动词原形动词不定式的基本形式是to+动词原形。动词不定式（或不定式短语）没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能作谓语。动词不定式仍可保留动词的特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。动词不定式同它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语。如：toreadthenewspaper,tospeakatthemeeting等 动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，因此在句子中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语：例句:作主语: Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy.作表语：My work is to clean the room every day.作宾语: Shewantedtoborrowedmyradio.Theybegantoreadandwrite.作状语: ShewenttoseehergrandmalastSunday.Hecametogiveusatalkyesterday.作宾语补足语: Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.SheaskedmetospeakmoreloudlyJimtoldLingFengtogohomeatonce.Thefathermadehissonstudyhard.作定语: Haveyougotanythingtosay?Ihadsomethingtoeatthismorning.注：作主语用的动词不定式常常为it替代，动词不定式（或短语）放在后面。例如：Itisnoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage. Ittookusthreedaystodothework.动词不定式的否定形式由not+动词不定式构成.如:Tellhimnottobelate.Thepolicemantoldtheboysnottoplayinthestreet.不定式省去to的情况:在感官动词see，watch，lookat，hear，listento，feel和使役动词make，have，let等所接的宾语中（不定式做宾语补足语），不定式应省去to。但是在被动语态中不能省。如：Letmelistentoyousingthesong.Hewatchedhissonplaycomputergames. Isawhimrunaway.-Hewasseentorunaway.Thebossmaketheworkersworkthewholenight.-Theworkersweremadetoworkthewholenight.动词不定式和疑问词连用动词不定式可以和疑问词what,which,how,where,when等连用，构成不定式短语。如：Thequestioniswhentostart.Idontknowwheretogo.Heshowedmehowtouseacomputer.Whattodoisabigproblem.翻译下列句子，说出句中不定式的作用：1.Togrowplantsisveryimportant.2.Itissonicetohearyourvoice.3.Mydreamistobeapilot.4.Hebegantoreadandwriteattheageoffive.5.Theteacheraskedmetospeakmoreloudly.6.Tomcametoseemelastnight.7.Iamgladtoseeyou.8. Haveyougotanythingtosay?9. TherearemanyplacestoseeinChina.10.Iaskedhimnottoopenthewindow.一、完形填空Do you think of your parents ? “Yes, of course ,” you may answer, “ I buy a present for my mother on_1_. And I give my father a present on Fathers Day,_2_.” Then what about the other days of a year? Always_3_ to think of your parents, not just on some important days. I have a friend who _4_alone, because her parents live in another city. One day I went to see her. We had a nice chat( 闲聊 ). Then she wanted to make a _5_.She dialed( 拨 ) the number, but then she put the phone _6_. After about ten seconds, she dialed the number again . ” Hi, Mum” Later I asked,” Why did you dial the number_7_?” She smiled “My parents are old. They cant get close to the telephone_8_ . I always do so when I call them. I just want to give them _9_time to answer the call.” My friend is a good girl. She is always _10_her parents. You also want to be a good child, right? So why not learn from her?1. A. Fathers Day B. Mothers Day C. Teachers Day D. Childrens Day2. A. too B. also C. either D. yet3. A. refuse B. forget C. decide D. remember4 A .live B. lives C. lived D. living5.A.face B. card C. call D. cake6.A.up B. off C. down D. on7.A.once B. twice C. several times D. many times8.A. lonely B. slowly C. quietly D. quickly9.A. less B. little C. enough D. a lot10. A. thinking about B. laughing at C. picking up D. looking for二、单词拼写（每小题1分，满分5分）61. He hurt his legs and he is in great p_.62. Tom and I are good friends. We hope our f_ can last forever.63. We are neighbours. We live in the same c_.64. We like p_ and hate wars.65. You need a lot of c_ to face your mistake.三、词型变换（每小题1分，满分5分）66. I often go to the hospital to visit a boy _ John. (call)67. Cancer is a serious _. (ill)68. He used to spend a lot of money _ (help) the poor.69. Mother usually makes me _ (play) the piano after supper.70. They want to teach the poor children _ (sing)四、完成句子 （每题2分，满分10分） 71. 当我们的朋友伤心失落时，我们应尽力使他们振作起来。 When our friends are sad, we should try our best _ _ _ _.72. 这位老人常常常遭受头痛的折磨。 The old man often _ _ a headache.73. 我们决定组织一次演出为有需要帮助的人筹钱。 We decided to organize a show to _ _ for the people _ _.74. 我在家里经常主动帮妈妈做家务。 I often _ _ _ mother _ housework at home.75. 为了能提高英语口语，她坚持每天早上大声朗读。 _ _ _ _ her spoken English, she keeps reading aloud every morning.五、句型转换 （每题1分， 满分5分）76. I dont know when we will have a test.(改为同义句) I dont know when _ _ a test.77. He asked me to buy a book for him. (变为否定句) He asked me _ _ buy a bo