高中英语语法之数词-高中精选PPT课件

.,1,数词,.,2,一、数词的分类1、基数词1)2199的两位数，在十位数和个位数之间加连字符构成；例如：53fifty-three2)101999的三位数由hundred加and再加两位数或末位数；例如：325threehundredandtwenty-five3)基数词hundred,thousand,million,billion表示确切数目时不能加s；例如：fivethousandstudents(五千个学生)但是：在表示不确切数目时，要用复数形式hundredsof/thousandsofstudents（许多学生）,.,3,1.Therearetwo_peopleintheroom.2.Inthefirstfewdaysafteritsopening,_ofpeoplewentthere.AscoresBscore,A,B,score作“二十”解；但scoresof则为固定词组，作“许多”解。score的用法与dozen,hundred,thousand,million,billion相同，即与具体的数字连用时，不加s,泛指时，加s,与of连用.,.,4,Hehasbeentherescoresoftimes.他已去过那里许多次了。Twoscoreyearsagotherewasazoohere.四十年前这儿有一个动物园。Theoldladywantedthreedozenofthoseeggs那位老太太要三打那种鸡蛋。,.,5,2、序数词1）序数词一般由基数词后+th构成，前面一般加定冠词the，例如：thesixththetwenty-fourth2）以ty结尾的基数词构成序数词时，先把y改成ie再加th。例如：thetwentieththefiftieth3）不规则的序数词有以下几个：first,second,third,fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth4）“二十”以上的多位数，个位数用序数词，其余仍用基数词。例如：ninety-third;onehundredandforty-ninth,.,6,3、其他几种数词1）分数由基数词和序数词合成，分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于1时，分母的序数词要用复数形式。如：one(a)third;twothirds;oneandtwo-thirds;one(a)half;one(a)quarter/one(a)fourth;threequarters一年半ayearandahalf/oneandahalfyears2）小数点读point；“零”读u或zero；小数点后的数字按个位基数词依次读出0.62zeropointsixtwo,.,7,3)百分数由percent（percent）表示：29%-29percent,.,8,二、数词在句中的作用Twoofthemareteachers.Therearefiftystudentsinourclass.Givemetwo.Youarethefirsttospeakatthemeeting.Youmayleaveittoustwo.Thisroomisone-sixthlargerthanthatone.,主语,定语,宾语,表语,同位语,状语,.,9,三、时间表示法1、钟点1）正读法按时间表上的数字读；先读钟点数，后读分钟数。如：10：20tentwenty8：36eightthirty-six2）表示几点过几分，用介词past，多用在半小时以内（包括半小时）。分钟数在介词的前面，时钟数在介词的后面，采用倒读法。如：9：30halfpastnine7：05fivepastseven,.,10,3）表示几点差几分，用介词to，多用在半小时以内（不包括半小时）。也用倒读法。如：8：50tentonine11：45aquartertotwelve4）表示整点8：00eight(oclock)5）表示在某个钟点，用介词at。如：他们七点半开始工作。Theybegintoworkathalfpastseven.,.,11,2、日期1）年代用基数词，在某年要用介词in。如：他生于1983年。Hewasbornin1983.2）月份首字母要大写，在某月也用介词in，如果有年代出现，在月份名后加年代，中间用逗号。如：这事发生在1999年一月。IthappenedinJanuary,1999.3）日期用序数词（序数词前加the），在某日用介词on。如：在十八日ontheeighteenth,.,12,4）月日同时出现时可有两种表示法：英国说法：顺序为先日后月。美国说法：顺序为先月后日。五月四日4(th)May(读成thefourthofMay）May4(th)(读成Maythefourth）表示在某月某日，不管用在前还是在后，都用介词on。如：会议将在三月九日举行。ThemeetingwillbeheldonMarch9(th).我们2005年6月8日动身去上海。WeleftforShanghaionJune8th,2005.,.,13,5)表示“在几十年代”用in+the+基数词复数。在20世纪90年代inthe1990s/1990s3、年龄1）用基数词表示年龄。如：Heisten(yearsold).2)表示“在某人的几十岁”时，可用介词in+ones+整十位基数词的复数形式。如：在他二十几岁时inhistwenties.,.,14,3）表示“一个九岁的男孩”，可以有多种表达法：aboyofnine,aboyofnineyearsold,aboyofnineyearsofage,anine-year-oldboy注意：与基数词合成的定语，其中的名词用单数。如：athree-month-oldbabyafive-yearplan,.,15,四、编号表示法1、用序数词thefirstpartthetwenty-thirdsection2、用基数词partonepage125；(No.)183NanjingRoadtheNo.3busRoom302,No.3middleSchool；,.,16,五、倍数表达法1.A+V+(times)+asas+B我的房间是你的两倍大。Myroomistwiceaslargeasyours.2.A+V+(times)+比较级+than+B我的房间比你的大两倍。Myroomistwicelargerthanyours.=Myroomisthreetimesaslargeasyours.3.A+V+(times)+thesize/length/height+ofBMyroomistwicethesizeofyours.,.,17,数词练习1._martyrshaveheroicallylaiddowntheirlivesforthepeople.a.Thousanduponthousandofb.Thousandandthousandsofc.Thousandsuponthousandsofd.Thousandandthousandof2.Theyreceived_oflettersabouttheirTVprograms.a.dozenb.dozenanddozencscored.dozens3.Whoisthatman,_inthefrontrow?a.oneb.theonec.firstd.thefirst4.Wehaveproduced_thisyearaswedidin1993.a.asmuchcottontwiceb.astwicemuchcottonc.muchastwicecottond.twiceasmuchcotton5.Theearthisabout_asthemoon.a.asfiftytimebigb.fiftytimesasbigc.asbigfiftytimed.fiftyastimesbig,.,18,6.ThepopulationofmanyAlaskancitieshas_inthepastthreeyears.a.morethandoubledb.moredoubledthanc.muchthandoubledd.muchdoubledthan7.Themoonisabout_indiameterasdiameterastheearth.a.one-threeaslargeb.onethreeaslargec.one-thirdaslarged.onethirdaslarge8.Fivehundredyuanamonth_enoughtoliveon.a.isb.arec.isbeingd.hasbeen9._ofthebuildingswereruined.a.Threefourthb.Threefourc.Three-fourthsd.Three-four10.Consult_forquestionsaboutearthquakes.a.thesixindexb.indexsixc.sixthindexd.indexnumberingsix,.,19,11.Shewenttothecountryside_.hemorningatnine/onJunefirst,1968b.onJunefirst,1968/inthemorningatninec.atnineinthemorning/onJunefirst,1968d.onJunefirst,1968/atnineinthemorning12.Three-fourthsofthesurfaceoftheearth_coveredwithwater.a.areb.isc.wered.be13.Thismonththeproductionofstainlesssteelinoursteelworkshasincreased_2,000tons.a.withb.inc.ond.by14.Withtheminiaturizationofthestructuralcomponentstheweightoftheseelectricdeviceshasdecreased_30percent.a.asb.withc.ind.by15.TheOlympicGamesareheld_.a.everyfouryearsb.everyfouryearc.everyfourthyearsd.everyfour-years,.,20,16.Asheisnotingoodhealth,hegoestohisfactoryonly_justtolearnsomethingabouttheprogressofexperiment.a.onceaweekb.oneweekc.onetimeaweekd.oneaweek17.Threestudents_inthisuniversitycomefromtheSens18.Stringsofthesamethicknessmadeofnylonare_.a.fivetimesstrongerthanthoseb.fivetimestrongerthanthoseb.fivetimesstrongth