德伯家的苔丝 presentationPPT课件

.,TessoftheDUrbervilles,ThomasHardy(1840-1928),17112303顾蓉17112307蒋爱家17112312吴晶,.,Contents,TheAuthorAnalysisonCharactersMainIdeaPlotoftheTextAnalysisontheText,.,ThomasHardy(18401928),.,ThomasHardy,LifeWorksThemeratheralltheseshadestogether,”like“analmoststandardwoman.”a“standard”story,.,TessDurbeyfield,thechangingroleoftheagriculturalworkersinEnglandinthelatenineteenthcenturyfinancialconstraintsaristocracyinTesssbloodnotquiteuptothelevelofAlecsorAngelsasymbolofunclearandunstablenotionsofclass,.,.,AlecdUrberville,thenemesisanddownfallofTessslifeAlexandertheGreatAlexanderStoke-dUrbervillethesplitcharacterofhisfamilydividedduplicitous,.,AlecdUrberville,diabolical残忍的，恶魔的Thefirstpartofhissurnameconjuresassociationswithfieryenergies,asinthestokingofafurnaceortheflamesofhell.HeseducesherastheserpentinGenesisseducedEve.Alecdoesnottrytohidehisbadqualities.,.,“IsupposeIamabadfellowadamnbadfellow.Iwasbornbad,andIhavelivedbad,andIshalldiebad,inallprobability.,.,AlecdUrberville,Herepresentsalargermoralprincipleratherthanarealindividualman.LikeSatan,Alecsymbolizesthebaseforcesoflifethatdriveapersonawayfrommoralperfectionandgreatness.,.,.,AngelClare,afreethinkingsonbornintothefamilyofaprovincialparsonarebelliousstrivingtowardapersonalvisionofgoodnesssecularist现世主义者，世俗主义者workforthe“honorandgloryofman”atypicalyoungnineteenth-centuryprogressiveHerejectsthevalueshandedtohim,andsetsoffinsearchofhisown.,.,AngelClare,Angelisnotquiteofthisworld,butfloatsaboveitinatranscendentsphereofhisown.hisloveforTessmaybeabstractDaughterofNatureorDemeterAngelsidealsofhumanpurityaretooelevatedtobeappliedtoactualpeople.,.,Itisnottheangelwhoguidesthehumaninthisnovel,butthehumanwhoinstructstheangel,althoughatthecostofherownlife.,.,.,MainIdea,Tesscomesfromafarmersfamily,theDurbeyfields.Shehaslivedapoorbutpeacefullife.theyaredescendedfromtheDUrbervilles.thegirlcomesincontactwiththeStoke,DUrbervilles.ThereshemeetsAlecDUrbervilles,whoshowsofftheestateandalwaysseducesher.Beinghumiliatedandresolute,Tessreturnshome,andgivesbirthtoababywhodiessoonTesshastoleavehomeandgoestoworkasadairymaidatadistantfarm,whereshemeetsAngelClaire.Theyfallinlove,butAngelabandonher.,.,Mainidea,AlecDUrbervilles,theevilpersonappearsagain.HetakesadvantageoftheDurbeyfieldspovertyandcontinuestotemptTess.AngelClaire,whoisremorsefulforhismercilessness,comesback,buttofindthecruelreality.AfterAngelleaves,shestabsAlecintheheartandkillshim.ThenshefollowsAngelandescapewithhimTheymanagetohideforawhileinawoodbeforetheycometoStonehenge,wheresheisarrested.Sheishangedlater.,.,TheplotofChapterLVIII,.,ChapterLIX,.,Thelastparagraph,“Justice”wasdone,andthePresidentoftheImmortals(inAeschyleanphrase)hadendedhissportwithTess.AndthedUrbervilleknightsanddamessleptonintheirtombsunknowing.Thetwospeechlessgazersbentthemselvesdowntotheearth,asifinprayer,andremainedtherealongtime,absolutelymotionless:theflagcontinuedtowavesilently.Assoonastheyhadstrengththeyarose,joinedhandsagain,andwenton.“死刑”执行了，用埃斯库罗斯的话说，那个众神之王对苔丝的戏弄也就结束了。德贝维尔家的骑士和夫人们在坟墓里躺着，对这件事一无所知。那两个一言不发的观看的人，把身体躬到了地上，仿佛正在祈祷，他们就那样躬着，过了好久好久，一动也不动。黑旗继续不声不响地在风中飘着。他们等到有了力气，就站起来，又手拉着手往前走,.,IntheGreektragedianAeschylusPrometheusBound,Prometheusdaredtostealfirefromthegodsforthebenefitofmen,thusimprovinghumanlife,buthewaspunishedbyeternalagonysentbythepresidentofthegods.AeschylussviewofthatdivinejusticewasironicjustasHardysjusticeisplacedinironicquotationmarkssinceitseemeddeeplyunjusttopunishPrometheussoseverely.,Analysis,.,Analysis,However,comparedwithPrometheussbravedeed,Tessssufferingseemssimplyagameor“sport”.ItishardtoknowwhetherTesshasbroughtanybenefitstoanyone.Inanycase,HardyhintsthatTessslifemayhaveamythicalandtragicimportancelikethatofPrometheus,butitisuptoustojudgehowironicthisjusticeis,orwhatherlifesimportancemightbe.,.,Analysis,Itstiredandunimpassionedtonesuggeststhenarratorswearinesswiththewaysoftheworld,asifquitefamiliarwiththefactthatlifealwaysunfoldsinthisway.Nothinggreatisachievedbythisfinale:thetwofiguresofLiza-LuandAngel“wenton”attheend,justaslifeitselfwillgoon.,.,Tragedy,SocietyenvironmentLawsystemMoralityethicReligionfactor,.,Themes,CriticismofsocialconventionsofVictorianEngland(ideasofsocialclassaswellasthesexualdoublestandard)NaturalismasagainsttheacheofmodernismTheinjusticeofexistence;Mendominatingwomen,.,Naturalism,Modernismisvaguetermreferringtotheart,poetry,literature,architecture,andphilosophyofEuropeandAmericaintheearlytwentieth-century.Ingeneral,modernismismarkedbythefollowingcharacteristics:(1)thedesiretobreakawayfromestablishedtraditions,(2)aquesttofindfreshwaystoviewmanspositionorfunctionintheuniverse,(3)experimentsinformandstyle,particularlywithfragmentation-asopposedtotheorganictheoriesofliteraryunityappearingintheRomanticandVictorianperiods.,Modernism,Naturalismisaliterarymovementseekingtodepictlifeasaccuratelyaspossible,withoutartificialdistortionsofemotion,idealism,andliteraryconvention.Theschoolofthoughtisaproductofpost-Darwinianbiologyinthenineteenthcentury.Itassertsthathumanityisahigherorderanimalwhosecharacterandbehaviorareentirelydeterminedbytwokindsofforces,hereditaryandenvironment.Theindividualscompulsiveinstinct